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Torture as an interrogation tactic
Torture as an interrogation tactic
Investigators coercion in interrogation
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Futility of Coercive Interrogation Techniques
The US military base in Guantanamo Bay, which was used as detention facility and interrogation activities of suspected terrorists apprehended by US sequel to 9/11 attack in 2001, during the period, terrorist suspects witnessed a wide range of coercive interrogations and inhuman acts ratified by US government and termed “Enhanced Interrogation Techniques”. The joint armed forces and both intelligence agencies of US (CIA ad FBI) where deployed to Guanatanmo with the mandate of coercive interrogation techniques in other to ensure captured terrorists reveal actionable intelligence to unmask the 9/11 perpetrators and Al Qaeda gang, and also to prevent future attacks. During this period which was Bush administration, US became listed among countries that legalized torture and assumed the lead position among those using coercive interrogation techniques in combating terrorism and had bad popularity to the point Canadian government (US crony) stated that its has included US in list of nations that use torture against the international convention.
For instance, Muhammad Al-Qahtani, one of the Al Qaeda top operatives, who attempted to invade US shortly before 9/11 but was unsuccessful, also alleged of being additional hijacker but was captured in Pakistan and transferred to Guantanamo Bay for interrogation in September 2002 under the auspices of the military forces. Al Qahtani was subjected to harsh interrogation techniques including continuous 20-hour interrogation everyday for an indefinite period, he was prevented from speaking for a week, placed on stress positions, a dog leash was tied to his chain and he was led through series of dog tricks, stripped naked in the presence of female, ...
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...d during Bush administration to extract information from terrorist suspects are likely to have been unsuccessful and may have had many unintended negative effects on the suspect’s memory and brain functions.
Psychological studies suggest that during extreme stress and anxiety, suspects will be conditioned to associate speaking with periods of safety. For interrogator, when the suspect speaks, the objective of gaining information will have been obtained and there will be relief from the unsavoury task of administering these conditions of stress. Therefore, it is difficult or impossible to determine during the interrogation whether the suspect is revealing the truthful information or just talking to escape the torture.
Research has also shown that extreme stress has a deleterious effect on the frontal lobe and is associated with the production of false memories.
As a result of Ford’s threatening interrogatories, the four suspects made a false confession, in which they stated that they committed the murder. The tight, dark room and the long time the interrogatories took made the four men subject to Ford’s psychological abuse and falsely confessed. Most of them said that they told him what he wanted to hear. The author Chapman (2013) argued that, “psychological research is applied to interrogation, the result can be that the officer already believes that the suspect committed the crime and is not likely to take no as an answer,” (p.162).
Stress at the time no doubt affected the victim’s memory of her attacker. When stressed the brain is not at its greatest when it comes to memory formation and retrieval. When the body is stressed it starts to pump adrenal glands like there’s no tomorrow. The trauma by actually being ra...
When a person experiences something traumatic it can cause so much stress that even afterwards that
...themselves interrogating. Often, people who are in such situations are trained and prepared to withstand the pain. This results in the inability to acquire any or little factual and useful information.
Due to rising levels of danger along with the creation and utilization of new technology, the government of the twenty first century, are becoming more involved and protective similar to the government of Oceania in the book Nineteen Eighty Four by George Orwell. In the book Nineteen Eighty Four, the main character Winston Smith, commits acts that are not legal according to the government of Oceania. Winston commits crimes which include thinking bad things about the government of Oceania, or thought crime, plotting against the government of Oceania, and having sexual relations with a young woman named Julia. Eventually, Winston ends up getting caught by a hidden telescreen and two thought police informants. When Winston is caught, he is transported to a prison without being read rights, much less having any actual rights. While in prison Winston is deprived of food and sleep, received regular beatings, is brainwashed, and is tortured physically, mentally, and emotionally. This essay will show the reader what the modern day government of the United States of America does to its political prisoners and how this compares to the treatment of political prisoners in George Orwell’s book Nineteen Eighty Four.
The Reid Technique was born out of a compassionate man, John Reid, who had an interest in human behavior. In the 1930s, the primary tools used for interrogation consisted of intense and intimidating questioning, with the use of the very rudimentary polygraph technique. (Inbau, Reid, Buckley, & Jayne, 2013, p. vii) On a quest to find a technique that was more effective, Reid began to observe the behaviors of subjects who were interviewed or interrogated, and realized a distinct pattern of behaviors and a routine succession of those behaviors. (Inbau, Reid, Buckley, & Jayne, 2...
Many of today’s interrogation models being utilized in police investigations have an impact on false confessions. The model that has been in the public eye recently is the social psychological process model of interrogation known as the “The Reid Technique.” There are two alternatives used by the police today to replace the Reid Technique, one is the PEACE Model and the other is Cognitive Interviewing. These methods are not interrogation techniques like Reid but interview processes.
False confessions are receiving more public attention now that people are speaking out about having to serve jail time for a crime they did not commit. 2015 was a year to remember for false confessions, starting in January when a man was released after serving 21 years in prison. The protocols that interrogators are trained to follow are dangerous because they allow investigators to have complete influence on innocent people to make false confessions. Most people believe that all interrogators are trained to use mental and physical abusive tactics because it appears in the media and news so often, therefore making it believable to blame them for false confessions. “Interrogation is derived from the Latin roots inter (in the presence of) and rogre (to ask).There are no nefarious connotations, elements of torture, or illegal activities associated with the action of interrogation”(Boetig).
After reviewing the article “Inside Interrogation: The Lie, The Bluff, and False Confessions”, it became very evident the huge problem with interrogations and false confessions in the criminal justice system is with false confession. Jennifer T. Perillo and Saul M. Kassin crafted three distinct experiments to try and better understand false confessions and how trues the actual numbers in real life are. What Perillo and Kassin were trying to prove is that “the bluff technique should elicit confessions from perpetrators but not from innocents” (Perillo, Kassin 2010). What is called the “Bluff Technique” is an interrogation technique that uses a sort of threat or hint that there is certain proof that a person will think is more of a promise for
Guyll, M., Madon, S., Yang, Y., Lannin, D. G., Scherr, K., & Greathouse, S. (2013). Innocence and resisting confession during interrogation: Effects on physiologic activity. Law And Human Behavior, 37(5), 366-375. doi:10.1037/lhb0000044
Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp was established in the year 2002, when Donald Rumsfeld was the United States secretary of defense. Rumsfeld stated that the main intention of building the Guantanamo Bay Prison was to detain prisoners of war and to try criminals accused of odious crimes (Rose, 32-33). Moreover, was turned into a full-fledged ultra-modern detention camp for the criminals guilty of extra-ordinary crimes (Smith, 21). Although Rumsfeld had said during the opening of the Guantanamo Bay Camp that the aim of the detention camp would be to detain criminals convicted of crimes of very high magnitude, it later proved that the camp was actually just a political tool.
Ex-president George W. Bush asserts, “Abu Zubaydah also provided information that helped stop a terrorist attack being planned for inside the United States -- an attack about which we had no previous information.” Abu Zubaydah was a high-ranking Al Qaeda official who was water boarded (Luban, 1). Water boarding is a form torture that simulates drowning. Through this form of torture, the US was able to receive vital information that led to the prevention of a bomber decimating a bridge. Moreover, the CIA was able to extract this information and incarcerate the criminal. Though many lives were potentially saved, Bush was criticized for allowing the action of torture. He se...
In the Criminal Justice system, the main goal is justice or in other words, a fair consequence to match a criminal action. An obvious, yet unmentioned underlying goal is to prevent injustice. Many times, justice prevails, and this is why our system prevails today. However, when justice fails, it is key to look at the information offered in order to better the system and to repay those that have been failed by it. One area that has shown itself as flawed is the area of interrogations though many other areas will be presented throughout this paper as well. By examining five cases involving questionable interrogation and showing other system flaws, I will enlighten others as to how our justice system handles its flaws, and hopefully I will provide motivation for further improvement.
Tortured prisoners give false information. One writer writes “Many survivors of torture report that they would have said anything to make the torture stop.” (Mayer, 2005; McCoy, 2006) Another says that “We had people who were willing to confess to anything if we would just stop” (Andersen). The NY times reports that in 2002, A Syrian born Canadian named Maher Arar was stopped in an airport and was interrogated. He was later sent to a prison where he was beaten, tortured and questioned for the next 10 months of his life. To stop the punishment, he “admitted” to getting training in Afghanistan! A country he had never even been to. It was later discovered that everything that he confessed to was false, and was just a lie to stop the torture. Not only did you destroy someone’s life, but you also wasted taxpayer’s money! Imagine the amount of money wasted on getting planes to that area of Afghanistan where that guy was “trained” at. Or the amount of money that was used to fund this prison! Confessions made during torture are unreliable and are usually just statements to stop the torture.
The ongoing debate between torture and enhanced interrogation techniques is, has been and always will be a hot controversial topic. Whether between different political views, cultures, world leaders or the citizens and society in general, the issue will always be of great importance. Some believe the two are the same, while others feel they differ. Either way, the methods and effectiveness are the major points for concern.