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Merits and limitations of stakeholder theory
The stakeholder theory case
Merits and limitations of stakeholder theory
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Freeman, “Understanding Stakeholder Capitalism”
The concept of stakeholder capitalism has been misconstrued over the years because of misunderstandings about the “moral foundations” and fundamentals of stakeholder capitalism. The common ideal of capitalism is that business is an essential part of society rather than a separate entity. The primal question is if the responsibility of the business is to that to the stakeholders or shareholders. However, the goal of the company is actually to be profitable while maintaining a balance between shareholders and stockholders. The reading further goes on to illustrate the four principles of stakeholder capitalism: stakeholder co-operation, complexity, continuous creation, and emergent competition. The model behind stakeholder capitalism is that it aids the business in becoming an institution with morals and values; it goes beyond just earning profit. The central argument is that business and ethics must coincide with each other for a business to fully progress.
Gomory & Sylla, “The American Corporation”
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We must realize that the market, state, and community are connected and these entities need each other to accomplish their goals. The community needs the market to provide good and services, simultaneously, the market needs to the community in order to provide moral values and judgment in the business world. Additionally, there are different forms of currencies in each sector. In the market, the primary goal is economic innovation and earning profits. In the government, the currency is power, and, in the community, the currency is morals and values. The main theme, though, is that despite the differences these sectors overlap constantly. For an example, Google is a company that supports its monetary goals as approved in the market place as well as its philanthropic goals in the community sector via
Ciulla, J. B., Martin, C. W., & Solomon, R. C. (2007). Is "The Social Responsibility of Business... to Increase Its Profits"? Social Responsibility and Stakeholder Theory. Honest work: a business ethics reader (pp. 217-253). New York: Oxford University Press.
In this essay we are taking a look at the famous Milton Friedman's essay "The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase Profit ". The following paper is an attempt to critically evaluate the article in consideration of Freeman Stakeholder Theory.
Money is the main source of power in the world, but in ways it can be viewed as good or bad depending on the situation. It has a negative connotation when mentioned by the word “acts”. “ Acts” means to perform a fictional role. Which shows that most things involving money are fake. Though humans associate being fake with being morally wrong,but its somehow acceptable if there is a greater power involved. Another definition for acts is to take action;do something. In this case to take an action can be either good or bad. There are many ways to come across money, but nobody cares if it is good or bad because it deals with a greater power.
This paper will have a detailed discussion on the shareholder theory of Milton Friedman and the stakeholder theory of Edward Freeman. Friedman argued that “neo-classical economic theory suggests that the purpose of the organisations is to make profits in their accountability to themselves and their shareholders and that only by doing so can business contribute to wealth for itself and society at large”. On the other hand, the theory of stakeholder suggests that the managers of an organisation do not only have the duty towards the firm’s shareholders; rather towards the individuals and constituencies who contribute to the company’s wealth, capacity and activities. These individuals or constituencies can be the shareholders, employees, customers, local community and the suppliers (Freeman 1984 pp. 409–421).
Stakeholders are those groups or individual in society that have a direct interest in the performance and activities of business. The main stakeholders are employees, shareholders, customers, suppliers, financiers and the local community. Stakeholders may not hold any formal authority over the organization, but theorists such as Professor Charles Handy believe that a firm’s best long-term interests are served by paying close attention to the needs of each of these stakeholders. The modern view is that a firm has responsibilities to all its stakeholders i.e. everyone with a legitimate interest in the company. These include shareholders, competitors, government, employees, directors, distributors, customers, sub-contractors, pressure groups and local community. Although a company’s directors owes a legal duty to the shareholders, they also have moral responsibilities to other stakeholder group’s objectives in their entirely. As a firm can’t meet all stakeholders’ objectives in their entirety, they have to compromise. A company should try to serve the needs of these groups or individuals, but whilst some needs are common, other needs conflict. By the development of this second runway, the public and stakeholders are affected in one or other way and it can be positive and negative.
Ethics and social responsibility are integral components in developing a strategic plan while considering stakeholder needs. As such, ethics and social responsibility should be deemed as an essential strategic concern within all organizations. Ethics and social responsibility has the capacity to make or break an organization; the success of an organization’s strategic plan is dependent upon it. This paper will explain the role of ethics and social responsibility in developing a strategic plan while considering stakeholder needs. Lastly, this paper will elaborate as to how my ethical perspective has evolved throughout the program.
Corporate governance implies governing a company/organization by a set of rules, principles, systems and processes. It guides the company about how to achieve its vision in a way that benefits the company and provides long-term benefits to its stakeholders. In the corporate business context, stake-holders comprise board of directors, management, employees and with the rising awareness about Corporate Social Responsibility; it includes shareholders and society as well. The principles which...
The economy in the world today is not one which focuses on the progression of the community but instead is one which promotes the individual. The individual must somehow make himself important to the community in which he lives so that he can prosper. This can be done by working hard or by having great natural abilities. The more valuable one is to society, the better ones life will be. The people who are more beneficial to society deserve to live a life th...
Is there anything money can't buy? Sure there is, but moral and civic goods can be easily purchased in today's market. In the article, "What Isn't for Sale?", Michael J. Sandel talks about how the world was once a market economy, and is now a market society. What the author's intention of writing this article, the new knowledge created, determining what kind of article this is, and an analysis of the outcome if moral and civic duties stay in the market place will be discussed throughout this essay. Before anything is discussed, here are a few main points from the article "What Isn't for Sale".
Evan, W. M., & Freeman, R. E. (1988). A stakeholder theory of the modern corporation: Kantian
The Economic System of a society is the set of relations and institutionalized procedures to which tries to solve the economic problem. Today’s world is that of “economic imperialism”, where economical factors, most importantly, money dictates all the elements of the society… (Importance Of Economics).” The Economic system is a response to the problem of scarcity, a fundamental economic challenge that all societies faced. This economic problem is caused by limited resources and unlimited wants. Scarcity resources and the possibility of alternative use forces society to make decisions about the fate of these resources. Decisions taken to address these issues have political component, and set the economic system of a society. “The role of government in the economy is nothing new; they go back to the Founding Fathers and beyond. There has been a broad trend, though, for the role of the government in the economy to expand over time (Shmoop Editorial Team).” The economy is composed of three systems: Market Economy, Planned Economy, and Mixed economy. Each of these economic systems responds to three key issues: what goods and services are to be produced and in what quantity. Companies must decide whether to produce food or appliances, vehicles or drugs, factories or farms, etc.. Second , what resources are to be employed in producing goods and services? Lastly, who will enjoy the goods and services produced?
Stakeholder theory, on the other hand, states that a company owes responsibility to a wider group of stakeholders, other than just shareholders. Stakeholders first meant ‘those groups without whose support the organization would cease to exist’ such as shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers and so on. With continuous evolution, a stakeholder is, pursuant to Professor R. Edward Freeman, ‘any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organization’s objective’. Widely defined, stakeholders are ‘groups or individuals who benefit from or are harmed by, and whose rights are violated or respected by, corporate actions’. The paramount idea is that a company’s success depends on how strong it manages the relationships with key groups such as creditors, employees, customers, suppliers, communities, and others that can influence the realization of its purpose.
As crytocurrency becomes more accepted throughout the world, so are the principals and ideals connected with it. It advocates and spreads the thought of putting power back into the hands of the people through its decentralization and open collaboration properties. These properties as well as the platform’s openness have made many economic innovations possible. The idea that currency should be for the people, by the people, has influenced people to start new systems that put power back in our hands. I believe that this is why cryptocurrency has, and will continue, to change the world.
On a broader scheme as people earn money they are able to pay taxes, governments are able to provide infrastructure and services to assist the community e.g. hospitals and roads. This desire to have a value in society and satisfaction and self-esteem in
The first reason is the issue of euro. Considering a strong correlation between money and collective national identity, money can be used as an effective tool in facilitating the integration of diverse identities (Risse, 2003). Actually, the principal goal of the issues of euro is to promote the unification of the monetary system and foster integration of the economy in order to ease economic activities betwee...