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The foster care system and its effects
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The foster care system and its effects
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Policy Brief: Foster Care & Adoptive Parents in the Latino Community Foster Care & Adoptive Parents in the Latino Community Foster Care and Adoption are the most multi-faceted areas of child welfare. Foster care consists of placing children outside of the custody of their parents or legal guardians. This out-of-home placement can be temporary or long-term. Adoption on the other hand, consists of the legal and permanent process that establishes a parent/child relationship between individuals not related biologically (Downs, Moore, & McFadden, 2009). These two areas of child welfare are constantly evolving and the decisions made on a child’s behalf can affect many areas of their biological, spiritual, social, and emotional wellbeing. In the child welfare system, there is a growing number of children who are in need of homes. This number is increasingly made up of minority populations, to include Latinos. With the enactment of the Multiethnic Placement Act of 1994, as amended by the Interethnic Adoption Provisions of 1996, greater opportunities were made available to Latino communities were made available for them to foster and adopt. However, with lack of proper information and little recruitment efforts in their community, the numbers of Latino families available for children remain low. The Latino population is the largest minority group in the United States. The cultural term Latino refers to individuals of Latin American descent. This population is made up of many diverse races and nationalities, such as: Mexicans, Cubans, Puerto Ricans, and other groups with Spanish origins (Arias, 2010). On average, Latinos are a younger population, with about one-third of individuals being under the age of 18 (Committee for Hispanic... ... middle of paper ... ...la, M. (2008). Nuestra Familia, Nuestra Cultura: Promoting & Supporting Latino Families in Adoption and Foster Care. Retrieved from http://adoptuskids.org/_assets/files/NRCRRFAP/resources/latino-tipsheet-packet.pdf Olsen, C. S., & Skogrand, L. (2009). Cultural implications and guidelines for extension and family life programming with Latino/Hispanic audiences. The Forum for Family and Consumer Issues, 14(1). Retrieved from http://ncsu.edu/ffci/publications/2009/v14-n1-2009 spring/olsen-skogrand.php Pichardo, C. M. (2003). Latinos' perceptions toward foster care. (Order No. 1416472, California State University, Long Beach). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/docview/305229342?accountid=10639. (305229342). Quintanilla, M. L. (2002). Remove Barriers and Latino Families Will Adopt. Recruiting News, 2(3).
They launched the Temporary Housing Project in response to this problem. When Miss Prieto voiced her opinion on this, she said, “They are rejecting the rigid discipline of their parents” indicating “a need for temporary foster homes” until the problem at home was resolved.3 They had success in reuniting the majority of the runaway teen girls with their families but there was still a need for temporary foster homes. Mujeres Latinas En Accion started recruiting families to be licensed as foster homes for temporary placement of runaway girls. People could volunteer to become foster parents which would then require them to be interviewed. In addition to temporary foster homes, Mujeres Latinas En Accion also provided counseling for runaways and their families which helped increase community awareness of the problem of runaway youth. MLEA also helped with Community Adjustment Referrals from the Department of Human Services, young people who have been picked up by the police and have received station adjustments, particularly with runaway girls.1 Other counseling service and classes became available for adults and youth. Mujeres Latinas En Accion tried expanding their education and counseling by providing their services in community schools, In one case, they were working with young girls in gangs who have had troubles in school. They also created parent support groups
It is crucial to understand the historical context of immigration in America. Initially, most immigrants were from Europe and were not restricted by any immigration laws. Now, most immigrants come from Latin America but are restricted to severe immigration laws. The Latino/a community is one of the most severely affected groups because the current immigration system disproportionally affects Latino/as. Recognizing how the experience of Latino/a immigrants have been both similar and different in the past from other immigrant groups and dispelling common misconceptions about Latino/as today brings awareness of how Latino/as are affected.
As the Latino population in the United States continues to grow, U.S. Census Bureau, 2001, increasing attention is being turned toward understanding the risk and protective factors of immigrant Latino and U.S.-born Latino children and families. The demographic data relating to Latinos in the United States estimate that one of every two people added to the U.S population was Latino, in July 2009 Latino population was the fastest growing minority group U.S Census Bureau, 2010. Despite the increased risk of growing the immigrant families are in lower risk of Social Economic Status, having parents with less education and limited with language and knowledge about education. Immigrating to one place to another is often the most stressful event
Relating his personal experiences and encounters of being raised as the son of Latino immigrants within the states, readers are presented with realistic and factual accounts of Latino immigration. As a successful and renowned American journalist, Suro’s narrative was a successful, four-part exploration of Latino status, future trajectory, and points of origin. Within “Strangers Among Us”, Suro takes a look at network migration while contrasting African Americans and Latinos. In the second part, Suro analyzes and interprets Latino immigration and the reactions of Americans and other ethnicities. He then analyzes various Latino groups throughout America in six different large cities within the country before finally in part four, identifying immigration policies that he believes will work and be successful within the states. Suro’s narrative successfully analyzes and discusses many issues within Latino Immigration while giving an overview of many different Latino groups and how each group and America deal with this rising
The Latino community is considered the largest demographic minority in the United States and is expect to increase by approximately 15% in 2050 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2002). The Latino population is comprised of many subgroups from many different regions that have developed unique beliefs, norms, and sociopolitical experiences. Although the term Latino is used throughout this paper, it is important to underscore the great diversity found within the Latino community to avoid the development and perpetuation of stereotypes. In clinical practice, it is important to evaluate the individual in terms of their racial identity, acculturation, and socioeconomic status among other factors to create a more individualized and effective treatment
As a traditional, collectivistic cultural group, the Latino population is believed to adhere deeply to the value of familismo. (Arditti, 2006; Calzada, 2014). Familism is an emphasis on the importance of the family unit over values of autonomy and individualism”. (Santistaben, 2012). Family is considered to be the top priority in the Latino culture. Comparatively, at times, this isn’t true of our busy, work devoted western culture. In western culture we think of our family in a nuclear sense made up of a: mom, dad, and siblings. Conversely, Hispanic culture focuses on the whole extended family including aunts, uncles, grandparent, and cousins. Their culture believes having close connections with the entire extended family benefits the development of their children. The entire family helps the child by giving them differing levels of social and emotional support. (American Home Resolutions,
Clutter, Ann W., and Ruben D. Nieto. "Understanding the Hispanic Culture." Osu.edu. Ohio State University. Web. 20 Nov. 2011. .
In the growing community where I reside in northern Colorado, the population is a mix of Euro-Americans and Mexican-Americans. Therefore, the majority of clients entering into agencies in the community would be of these populations. The issues foreseen would be communication concerns, even though, the child speaks English the parents may not or it may be limited. With this knowledge as a professional counselor, it is the responsibility of the professional to educate themselves on the culture of the clientele in their community. Hays (2008) reports, In the Mexican American culture attending counseling by a professional, is the last resort, they typically keep their issues within their family. Therefore, by the time a Mexican-American client
Kroll, Joe, et al. "Transracial Adoptions from Foster Care Pose Unique Challenges." Are Adoption Policies Fair? Ed. Christine Watkins. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. At Issue. Rpt. from "Finding Families for African American Children: The Role of Race & Law in Adoption from Foster Care." www.adoptioninstitute.org. 2008. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.
Black children are disproportionately represented in the foster care system. In the most recent Statistical Abstract published in 2011 by the U.S. Census Bureau, Black children accounted for 15% of the U.S. child population in 2009. In contrast, Black children were at almost 30% of the total number of children in foster care for the same year according to the Department of Health and Human Services 2009 Foster Care report. In addition, there are not enough Black families available to adopt these children. Interracial adoption advocates often hail it as a good solution to address these problems. Interracial adoption is promoted as a major step towards an integrated, unprejudiced, and colorblind society. However, instead of healing the wounds of racism, interracial adoption often contributes to racist ideologies and practices that devalue family relationships in the Black community (Roberts 50). This type of adoption is a surface only solution that fails to dig deeper and address the underlying reasons for the disproportionate representation of Black children in foster care and the lack of minority adoptive parents. This deeper analysis exposes a system of that is very biased against the Black community in the adoption industry. Even when it is altruistic, interracial adoption is mostly detrimental to the Black community because it aids in the breakdown of Black families and the dismissal of the root causes of the circumstances that lead to large numbers of Black children needing to be adopted in the first place. Furthermore, interracial adoption has not made any significant difference in lowering the numbers of Black children in foster care.
Since the 1990s the U.S. has been working on policy changes to improve adoption permanency. “The US Adoption and Safe Family Act of 1997 (P.L. 105–89) continued to promote the theme of timely permanence for foster children through the reduction of birth parent reunification time
After having a steady growth in adoption, the number of international adoptions has dropped nearly 50% since 2004. Currently, there are many adoptive parents who seek to help this issue, however, adoption trends show that a large percentage of parents prefer to adopt within the 0-5 age bracket. Adoption is an act of adopting a child, so why doesn’t anyone adopt any child who is in need of a home? The lack of adoption to older children in the foster care system have been negatively affected because most of these families and/or couples adopting are parents who are childless and have the desire to have a baby or at least a young child. Once children become 6-17, adoption becomes far less likely. These families do not want to deal with older children
Adoption is permanent; foster care is temporary. Children that aren’t adopted by the age of eight-teen from foster care age out of the system, and once they leave, they are thrown into the world with no support to cling to. The lack of adoption of older children inside the foster care system stems from the adopter’s personal concerns and the adoptees psychological issues. However, encouraging parents to adopt older youth is a positive effect because it will stimulate stability and decrease behavioral and mental problems within the child’s life. Initially, the original platform to convey foster care principles was created in “The Placing Out System of the New York Children’s Aid Society,” which launched the initiative to take care of unsettled and neglected children (Institute for Research on Poverty 23).
In a first-ever review of Latino caregivers, National Alliance for Caregiving (NAC) and Evercare® by UnitedHealthcare (2008) reaffirmed the importance of the family in Latino communities (p. 3). Their findings indicate about one-third of Latino households contain at least one caregiver, most
(2011) took the task of culturally adapting PMT by using community input through 41 immigrant Mexican parents participating in focus groups. The goals identified through the focus groups were that of superacion which refers to the educational attainment and achievement children receive beyond their parent’s level of education and educacion which refers to education in the broad sense in which the goal is for children to grow up to be competent and respectful adults (Rodriguez et al., 2011). The parenting barriers identified were the lack of language (English), working about 14 hours a day, and children’s threats to call 911 when they did not get their way (Rodriguez et al., 2011). The suggestions to make the PMT adaptation successful were to not use direct spanish translations but rather colloquial spanish so participants would be better able to understand and the use of cultural tools already used through out their daily lives such as dichos