Fluvioglacial Landforms landforms deposited by meltwater from glaciers. some found within the glacier and some under the glacier. outwash plains- composed of sand, gravel and clay (from snout). deposited during times of inc. ablation (glacial retreat). material is sorted by meltwater at the snout. as it moves away carrying capacity decreases so less is carried. varves- layer if silt on top of sand on top of coarse material. form where there was a glacial lake. as discharge decreases the river can only carry finer material. meltwater deposits material when the stream divides, if the velocity of flow decreases, if the channel widens decreasing the pressure, if the stream
Sedimentary rock from the older Silurian Period is further from the river banks (Geological map of Victoria, 1973). Mudstone, inter-bedded shale and greywacke depositions indicate the Maribyrnong River may have previously taken a different shape, and younger sediments have replaced the older sediments in more recent geological periods.
This is a report based on three days of observations and testing in the region known as the Peterborough drumlin field. It will address a variety of regional elements, such as climate, soil, vegetation, hydrology, geomorphology, and geology. A variety of sites located on the Canadian Shield, the zone of thick glacial deposits to the south, and the transition between them will be the focus of the report. It is supplemented with previous research on the region. September 8, 1999, day one of the field study involved an area of largely granite bedrock that is part of the Canadian Shield and is the most northern point of study (see Map 2). September 9, 1999, day two, involved three main areas of study: the Bridgenorth esker (Map 3), Mark S. Burnham Park (Map 4), and the Rice Lake drumlin (Map 6). These sites are in areas of thick glacial deposits. September 10, 1999, day three, involved studying the Warsaw Caves (see Map 5) as a transition zone between Precambrian Shield rock to the north and Paleozoic rock to the south. A general map of the entire study region is provided by Map 1.
The Hudson plains are in parts of Ontario and Manitoba. Their area is about 350 000 km squared. The west edge of the Hudson Plains is around Churchill in north Manitoba, the eastern edge is around Fort Rupert, the northern edge borders Hudson Bay and James Bay and the southern edge is near Kapuskasing, Manitoba. Moosonee and Churchill are major cities in the Hudson Plains area, and lesser known cities include Attawapiskat, Fort George, Eastmain, Fort Albany, Lake River, Winisk, Fort Severn, and Shamattawa.
Brady Glacier is known for its beauty in the Fairweather Range of Alaska. Many people every year during the summer months visit the glaciers surrounding the gulf coast of Alaska to see their statuesque landforms. Brady Glacier is that of a serene landscape, but one of many glaciers that are retreating and becoming victim to ice calving. Geographers have been studying the interesting glaciations of Brady for centuries now. Three geographers, especially, are taking notice to the change in advance and retreat of the glacier. The location of Brady Glacier is significant to tourism because it is around other glaciers in Alaska and once one glacier starts to retreat, soon others will follow. Brady Glacier in the region of the North pacific Coast of Alaska is becoming a figure to ice calving and possible flooding in the surrounding land leading to the risk in tourism.
All of Maine was once covered by glaciers, the last of which receded about 10,000 years ago. Because of the glaciers, much of Maine is covered with stones, boulders, and clays. Many of the hills and mountains have been rounded, lakes have been formed, and river courses have been changed. Although glaciers covered all of Maine, there are nevertheless substantial physiographic differences in the regions of the state. Maine can be divided into three major natural regions: the White Mountain section, the New England Upland, and the Seaboard Lowland. These three regions are part of the New England province, which in turn forms part of the Appalachian Region.
This artic tundra is mainly formed by permafrost, “a layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the ground. Putting frozen ground and flat landscape stops the drainage of water. As the water is being held up on the surface it makes ponds and bogs that give moisture for the plants, or countering the low precipitation. “The periodic freezing and thawing of the soil forms cracks in the ground in regularly patterned polygons”. Some areas are not drained very well causing irregular landforms. Some of these landforms like the following hummocks, or knolls, frost boils, and earth stripes. Another common area to the alpine tundra is a “bare rock covered ground” also known as fell fields, in which not alone support but helps the growth of lichens. The many “microhabitats” given by these landforms provide a variety to the tundra’s landscape.
Terminal Moraine- Moraine is an accumulation of glacial debris, usually till, with distinct surface expression related to some former ice front position. The terminal moraine is at the end of the glacier. It moraine that forms at the snout of a glacier, making its maximum advance. It marks the furthest point that a glacier reaches.
The initial description of the glaciers offered by each writer is in regards to the immense size in non-descript factual and numerical terms, for instance Coxe states that the ice ranges rise "abruptly from their base and parallel to each other" and Bourrit analyses the height of Mount Blanc with mathematical descriptions "when that height is thirty or nearly forty times increased upon a base proportionally massive…". Faced with such massive and overwhelming landscape features, it was probably an element of comfort to associate a numerical perspective in order to better understand the height of the monumental masses in relation to the self. The writers are in general agreement that glaciers are an aspect of the landscape which is hard to describe and formulate words concerning their appearance; th...
How does the smooth mountain rock surface type affect the amount of runoff? Speculate why this happens.
Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturia, meaning treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-molded landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons. Dead organic material functions as a nutrient pool. The two major nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen is created by biological fixation, and phosphorus is created by precipitation. Tundra is separated into two types: arctic tundra and alpine tundra.
As humans, we need food to survive. This is a basic need and want and has always been primarily done by farming the land. That farmed land requires sunlight, nutrients, and fresh water. If one of these three criteria is missing, the land is no longer able to birth vegetation. The biggest issue we face here in Canada is desertification. This term means that the land being classified with this is losing its water either to drought or to human causes. Desertification is a form of land degradation and is found to be an issue all over the globe. These dry lands are not just centered on a small percentage of people but affect up to half of the world’s population. This type of soil erosion is due to many factors. The biggest is the latitude of the area under concentration. Of course the closer you are to the equator the hotter and less precipitation is going to reach the land and this also affects natural weather cycles. The sad thing is however that where there is desertification, poverty will not be far. This makes sense for the reason we have poverty is because there are people without food and shelter. This connects to the lack of vegetation for with desertification the food and materials needed cannot grow to make a successful civilization. Looking at what causes desertification we can at least attempt to reverse the results. Desertification is caused by human error by globalizing prematurely.
the the change in sea level is due to a change in the level of land
in a habitat, changes in climate, the development or destruction of a mountain range, river
"And then I realized adventures are the best way to learn" (Unknown). The best life lessons a person learns are learned while doing worthwhile experiences. One can learn out of a textbook itself, but the truly rewarding knowledge is learned by living life. The Pyrenees Mountain range is an uplifting way one can learn about the world around them. The Pyrenees Mountain Range is the ideal example of untouched nature and history far beyond the textbook. Come see the valley villages nestled between the beautiful, emerald-green mountains while viewing the teachings of the past and history in the making. This majestic mountain chain extends "21,380 miles squared between France and Spain, a formidable barrier between the Iberian
Changes are also being seen in snowpack, glaciers, sea ice and permafrost, and rain and snowfall rates, mostly in colder climates. Snowpack is decreasing due increasing temperatures causing snow to melt faster and earlier, and higher rainfall and less snow in high altitude cold areas, It is expected in the future that sno...