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History development of nursing
History development of nursing
History development of nursing
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The Change of Nursing Nursing was not always the profession we know it as today. “Nurses were often lower class, usually had no education, and were often alcoholics, prostitutes, and women who were down on their luck” (Finkleman & Kenner, 2013, p. 9). There was a high morality rate due to the lack of training and unkept environment the patients stayed in. However, when Florence Nightingale came into the nursing world everything changed. She believed that nurses shouldn’t be lower-class alcoholic women but women of higher class with an education. Therefore, she opened a school in London to train and educate women because “Nursing is an art and a science” (Masters, 2015, p. 29). She believed an average person should be able to understand medical …show more content…
Nightingale also created the International code of diseases that we still use today (Horsley, 2010). However, Nightingale had a strong passion for improving the nursing profession therefore, coming up with 13 canons that sensible and self explanatory. These 13 canons are able to be broken up into four major concepts Person, Environment, Health, and Nursing (Masters, 2015, p. 29). Nightingale believed nursed should always tend to the patient regardless if their original nurse is present and that the patient should be clean. She also believed that the patients environment shouldn’t be a place where disease can breed (Masters, 2015, p. 27). The patient should also be comfortable, fed, never left alone for long periods of time, and always in proper lighting. Nightingale believed that nursing was an art and a science that required a higher education (Masters, 2015, p. 28). She wanted the nurses to not only maintain this environment for the patients but to monitor the patient and report it (Masters, 2015, p. 27). Lastly, Nightingale believed that health was not only the absent of disease but when the patient is able to maintain a healthy life style. Nightingale improved many hospitals by designing them accordingly to her environmental …show more content…
One of which is person “the recipient of nursing care” (Finkleman & Kenner, 2013, p. 28). I feel two of Nightingale’s canons are based on the patient petty management and personal cleanliness. Environment is the second concept which Nightingale explains “the external and internal environment” of the patient (Finkleman & Kenner, 2013, p. 29). I believe nine of Nightingales canons are aimed towards this concept ventilation and warmth, health of the house, noise, variety, food intake, food, bed and bedding, light, and cleanliness of room and walls. Nursing is the third concept which Nightingale believes they “alter or manage the environment to implement the natural laws of health” (Finkleman & Kenner, 2013, p. 28). I feel the two canons chattering hopes and advice, and observation of the sick best explains this concept. Lastly, the concept of Health, Nightingale believed that health is not only the absence of disease but being able to utilize everything that we are. I believe that the previous three concepts must be fulfilled to achieve the last and final concept because the patient is effected by the environment and the
notices to patients and their families, schedule and lead the meetings. Wishing to be actively involved in the process, I represented nursing along with the charge nurse of the unit and the charge aide.
One of the many theorists that followed the founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, was Merle Mishel (Alligood, 2014). However, Florence Nightingale’s theory is different
Registered nurses work to contribute good health and prevent illness. They also treat patients and help go through there rehabilitation and also give support and advice to patients family. Registered nurses are general-duty nurses who focus in the achievement of caring for their patients. They are under the supervision of a doctor. As I researched this career It brought more questions to my life. It became a big interest that soon I would have an opportunity to answer my own questions obviously with the help of others.
The Nightingale’s Nursing Environmental Theory focuses on the quality of care and how the surrounding environment impacts health. According to the nursing theory, a combination of nursing and surrounding environment
Our group has chosen to focus on one of the Grand Theorists. The theorist we chose is Florence Nightingale. She based many of her concepts on the principle that every human being has “cleanliness, fresh air, sanitation, comfort, and socialization were necessary to healing.” (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p.132). During the reparative process any or all of these items are interrupted. Many of Nightingale’s notes and letters were written long before the metaparadigm concepts of human, environment, health, and nursing were labeled as such. Nightingale’s notes on nursing expounded on each of her principles in great detail so much so that they are still referred to and applied to modern day nursing practices.
Nursing’s development from an occupation to a profession follows the devotion and sacrifice of many amazing women throughout history. Considered to be one of the oldest professions, women have performed what could be considered nursing duties since the beginning of time. Although there have been many events and many individuals who have contributed to nursing’s evolution from the occupation it was once considered to the profession that now exists, the development of formal education opportunities and scholarly resources and the women who created them is what fascinates me most. Without knowing, each of the following five women helped lay the groundwork for what Lucie Kelly, RN, PhD, FAAN, eventually termed the eight characteristics of a profession
The underlying meaning of this theory focuses on the relationship of a healthy environment with nursing. In the chapter “Noise,” Nightingale addresses several types of environments where external conditions influence or suppress the disease process (Selanders & Crane, 2012, p. 1). The first environmental factor is the physical environment, including the elements such as linens, squeaky floors, and plumbing. Nightingale (1859/1969) remarks on this “noise” when stating, “The fidget of silk and of crinoline, the rattling of keys, the creaking of stays and of shoes, will do a patient more harm than all the medicines in the world will do him good” (p. 47). In order to address this issue, Nightingale focused on controlling the physical environment.
To this day, the most admired person in nursing history would be Florence Nightingale. She will forever be an influential figure in the world of nursing due to her perseverance and critical thinking skills that saved so many lives during the Crimean War. There is no way to tell how long it could have taken nursing to evolve without the help of Nightingale. In her book, Notes on Nursing: What It Is and What It Is Not, Nightingale described a multitude of factors that must be considered when helping the ill to recover and to have the healthy maintain their well-being (Nightingale, 1860/1969). Four chapters in her book are of high importance, chapter two, on Health of Homes, chapter
Most nurses consist mostly of prostitutes, often drunk, with no intelligence or education. These nurses had no formal education because there were no organized programs until the later 1800’s. In 1877, a woman observes that the nurses have “little or no education. Few of them had even an elementary knowledge of nursing. Patients were not nursed; they were attended to” in St. Bartholomew’s hospital (Leavesley, 2010, para, 23). The increase in education did not really have an effect in the first decade, but had more influence in the second decade. Nightingale knew that nursing training was a new experiment and would take time before there was major influence (Attewell, 1998). This lack of education causes a chaotic and unsafe environment for patients. These nurses are in need of order and regulation which is not in effect before the help of Florence Nightingale. A surgeon by the name of John Flint South stated that nurses did not need more qualifications than a housemaid. Nightingale’s efforts for education received much opposition because of views like South’s (Attewell, 1998). Nevertheless, if Nightingale had not been faithful to her ambitions, nurses would not have the education they would have
Before the modernization and reform of their profession in the mid-1800s, nurses were believed to perform “women’s work”, which implied menial duties, unskilled service, and an overall lack of skill (Garey, "Sentimental women need not apply"). This mentality was substantiated by the “untrained attendants, [including] past patients, vagrants, and prostitutes,” that performed a variety of nursing tasks (Garey). Florence Nightingale’s nursing experiences during the Crimean War, her subsequent publication of Notes on Nursing, and her work to build up professionalism within the field transformed the way that the world and society viewed nursing. She introduced invigorating ideas of patient care, nursing roles and responsibilities, and was a strong proponent of nursing education. Nightingale’s overall work inspired and changed the profession of nursing, laying the foundation for its
Florence Nightingale was a pioneer in nursing and maintained it as an independent profession which was not secondary to the medical profession but equal. *Nightingale 1969 cited by Hoeve et al 2013 The ongoing education and training which supports the nursing as a profession must be maintained. The self-concept of nurses is enormously important in maintaining a professional identity. ‘Nurses’ self-concept can be defined as information and belief that nurses have about their roles, values and behaviours’ (Takase et al. 2002, p. 197; Hoeve et al.
According to Nightingale, person was the one who was the recipient of the care that the nurse was giving. In her writings, “patients” are what she referred the individuals as. The people had embodied numerous elements such as biological, social, psychological, and spiritual, therefore being thought of as multidimensional. The cure and prevention of diseases had been related to the biological aspect. Interactions within society was the social element of people. Items that would define any thought processes, an individual’s self-concept, their feelings, and intellect were a part of the psychological component. The values that people had which would help them to determine whether decision that they were making were right or wrong had
Sometimes in war a person can learn new things that can befit the world. Nightingale saw that most soldiers were dying from illness and not from there injures that they had received. ("Florence nightingale," 2011) She observed the environment that the patients were in, and notice that most of them did not have adequate nutrition, and their environment was not clean. ("Florence nightingale," 2011) The changes she made in the ward included a better nutrition and a sanitary environment these changes greatly decreased the mortality rate which was at a 42% then drop to 2% ("Florence nightingale," 2011) Nightingale believed that a patient environment affected the healing process for the patient. Nightingale states, “Nursing out to signify the proper use of fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet, and then proper selection and administration of diet.” (Alligod & Tomey, 2006) Nightingale created 13 canons, which revolves around nurse to critical think and how the nurse can change the environment. An example of one of her Canons is noise, states “asses the noise level in the client room and surrounding area. Attempt to keep noise level to a minimum.”(Alligod & Tomey, 2006)
Florence Nightingale’s first of Thirteen Canons is Ventilation and Warming. According to Nightingale (1859/1992) “the first rule of nursing is to keep the air within as pure as the air without” (p.8). Being a nurse means thinking about little things to help the patient such as opening a window and letting fresh air in. By opening the window for a few minutes it allows the patient to know the nurse has considered his or her well-being. The second of the Thirteen Canons is Health of Houses. There are five essential points to the health of houses: pure air, pure water,
Nursing is constantly changing, improving, and becoming more complex with each year that goes by. It is for this reason that there is an incredible distance between what nursing was then and what nursing is now. Nightingale lived from 1810-1910, with her improvements and contributions the Lady with the Lamp became a turning point of nursing at that time, which led to the many improvements which gained her another name as the Mother of Modern Nursing. If Florence Nightingale were to experience Nursing as it was today in 2017 she would be astonished by the changes in ethical, legal, professional, and knowledge of the old ways.