FlagellaFlagella are necessary for the active movement of bacterial cells and protozoa. Flagella are single, whip-like structures that propel an organism through an aquatic environment. They use undulatory motions, where the waves of motion start at the base of the flagellum. The size, the volume of the medium, the length, position and width of the flagella on the organism determine the direction and speed propulsion of the cell. There are three different types of flagella movement. They are either planar, oarlike beating, or three dimensional waves.In the three dimensional wave movement, the flagella whips back and forth. As a result, the organism moves forward in the direction of the flagellum.The planar waves are mostly asymmetrical, and are on a single plane. The planar waves make the protozoan rotate on it’s longitudinal axis. The direction of movement is opposite of the direction of the wave.The oarlike flagellar movement is the same as planer, but the waves are often very asymmetrical, and have more side to side swing. Also, the protozoan usually rotates and moves with the flagellum from the front end.CiliaCilia are tiny hairlike appendices that swim or beat individually or in large fields. They work like flexible oars. The movement of each cilia must be closely coordinated with all of the other cilia. This is called metachronal rhythm, which is a wave of simultaneously beating groups of cilia moving from the anterior to posterior end of the organism and is responsible for the transport of objects and materials.Cilia play an important role in nearly all life functions in most species in the animal kingdom, including humans. Some of which are, feeding, reproduction, sensing, swimming, and transportation. Since they are so important, there has been a great deal of research done on them. Hancock made the first theoretical breakthrough in the mid-50’s, although cilia have been known about for 250 years.
Recreating the evolutionary history of dinoflagellates has been challenging as they possess a known ability to transform from noncyst – to cyst – forming strategies (unreferenced/Wikipedia). The dinoflagellate nucleus lacks histones, nucleosomes and maintains continually condensed chromosomes during mitosis (Dodge 1966), making their classification difficult (Hackett et al 2004). Though being classified as eukaryotes, the dinoflagellate nuclei are not characteristically eukaryotic (Dodge 1966). However, typical eukaryotic organelles, such as Golgi bodies, mitochondria and chloroplasts are present in dinoflagellates (Morrill et al 1983). Since dinoflagellate nuclei possess intermediate characteristics between the coiled DNA areas of prokaryotic bacteria and the well-defined eukaryotic nucleus it was termed ‘mesokaryotic’ by Dodge (1966).
Try to imagine yourself, sitting at lunch, enjoying your sandwich and a few strawberries along the way. Once you are done your delicious meal, you take one last drink of orange juice and head to your next class. In a few minutes you are thinking about your upcoming visit to the mall. You've completely forgotten about that sandwich you had just ate. But it is still sitting in your stomach!! Now how does this work, how did your body absorb all that food? It all goes back to the digestive system.
The Spleen by Anne Finch, the Countess of Winchelsea, presents an interesting poetic illustration of depression in the spleen. The spleen for Finch is an enigma, it is mysterious, shape-shifting, and melancholic. Melancholy leads the subject to flashes of a grander, terrifying emotion: the sublime. The subject of Finch’s Pindaric ode experiences the sublime, and yet has the uncanny ability to reflect and reason on the feeling with acuity--even though the subject suffers from depression, which in effect dulls sensory information. The fact that she intensely perceives the sublime suggests a paradox where dulled senses can produce a penetrative emotional episode. To understand the paradox, the theory of the sublime and Finch’s engagement with the sublime in The Spleen must be traced to conceive the state of the dulled mind in the thrall of an infinite, and transcendent wave of emotion. The focus of this essay is that Finch understands that Dullness, as a by-product of depression, enables rational thought during a sublime experience. Furthermore, she thus illustrates her experience through images where she emphasizes her sensory information and her feelings, which were supposedly numbed by depression. Her feelings, indicated in The Spleen, are the crux to how Finch is able to simultaneously feel numb, and process the sublime.
The nucleus is one of the most important organelles in a eukaryotic cell. The shape of the nucleus is generally spherical, it should be oval, disc formed reckoning on the sort of cell. The nucleus was found by Robert Brown in 1831 while he was looking at orchids under a microscope. He discovered a blurred area in the cells of the flowers and called it the areola or the nucleus.
In this paper I will clarify the relation between the integumentary system and the skeletal system. During this paper I will address how the two systems work together to maintain homeostasis and what occurs when balance is not maintained between the integumentary and skeletal system. During this paper I will explain how osteoporosis is directly linked between both the integumentary and skeletal system and ways to prevent or yield this disease.
Tip From The Coach: During the initial interview, be certain to present the job description, so the applicant will have a clear picture of your expectations if your company does hire them. This also helps to generate a more comprehensive conversation regarding the position being offered.
Bacterial cells, like plant cells, are surrounded by a cell wall. However, bacterial cell walls are made up of polysaccharide chains linked to amino acids, while plant cell walls are made up of cellulose, which contains no amino acids. Many bacteria secrete a slimy capsule around the outside of the cell wall. The capsule provides additional protection for the cell. Many of the bacteria that cause diseases in animals are surrounded by a capsule. The capsule prevents the white blood cells and antibodies from destroying the invading bacterium. Inside the capsule and the cell wall is the cell membrane. In aerobic bacteria, the reactions of cellular respiration take place on fingerlike infoldings of the cell membrane. Ribosomes are scattered throughout the cytoplasm, and the DNA is generally found in the center of the cell. Many bacilli and spirilla have flagella, which are used for locomotion in water. A few types of bacteria that lack flagella move by gliding on a surface. However, the mechanism of this gliding motion is unknown. Most bacteria are aerobic, they require free oxygen to carry on cellular respiration. Some bacteria, called facultatibe anaerobes can live in either the presence or absence of free oxygen. They obtain energy either by aerobic respiration when oxygen is present or by fermentation when oxygen is absent. Still other bacteria cannot live in the presence of oxygen. These are called obligate anaerobes. Such bacteria obtain energy only fermentation. Through fermentation, different groups of bacteria produce a wide variety of organic compounds. Besides ethyl alcohol and lactic acid, bacterial fermentation can produce acetic acid, acetone, butyl alcohol, glycol, butyric acid, propionic acid, and methane, the main component of natural gas. Most bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria are either saprophytes or parasites. Saprophytes feed on the remains of dead plants and animals, and ordinarily do not cause disease. They release digestive enzymes onto the organic matter. The enzymes breakdown the large food molecules into smaller molecules, which are absorbed by the bacterial cells. Parasites live on or in living organisms, and may cause disease. A few types of bacteria are Autotrophic, they can synthesize the organic nutrients they require from inorganic substances. Autotrophic bacteria are either photosynthetic or Chemosynthetic. The photosynthetic bacteria contain chlorophyll that are different from the plant chlorophyll. In bacterial photosynthesis, hydrogen is obtained by the splitting of compounds other than water.
Jamaica Kincaid, an author who originates from Antigua wrote the short story “Girl”. In the textbook, “The Norton Introduction to Literature, Shorter 12th Edition”, Jamaica Kincaid writes a story about what seems to be about her life and her own personal experiences growing up. Kincaid lets you in on what it is like growing up as a female in her culture. Being from the Caribbean Islands, she comes from a place where females have certain jobs, as well as males. In her country, gender roles make up a big part of your life and your upbringing. I chose this story because I feel like I can relate to this story the most. I was brought up in similar ways as Kincaid was. Being from a traditional Italian family, gender roles play a huge part in my life.
The migrating motor complex takes food remnants and bacteria away from the upper gastrointestinal tract and into the large intestines. This begins in between meals when a series of contractions occur in the stomach passing gradually from section to section. The two remaining patterns of motility can occur during and following a meal. Peristalsis involves circular muscles that contract in order to move food materials down the intestinal tract. Peristalsis pushes food to the receiving segment in a progressive wave that allows the bolus to travel. Finally, in segmental contractions segments of the small intestine will contract and relax randomly or at certain intervals. Its purpose is to churn the content of the intestines allowing them to remain in contact with the absorbing
Psychological disorders are symptoms that cause distress and have impact on the lives of people experiencing these symptoms (Cherry, 2016). According to Huffman and Dowdell (2015), experts on mental health have four criteria to identify psychological disorders (p.442). These are deviance, dysfunction, distress and danger. A person who is deviant from the usually accepted beliefs, norms, and customs of the society, whose actions and behaviors interrupt his routine activities, cause personal distress and appear to be dangerous both for himself and others is considered to have a psychological disorder. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (DSM) classifies psychological disorders as anxiety disorders, depressive and bipolar
What is a interview? What sound a applicant do to be prepared? A interview is a meeting of people face to face usually between two or more people where questions asked by a interviewer or hiring manager. If a applicant is called for an interview you will be invited to meet with the hiring manager. There are usually 10 plus interview questions that are asked like what is your greatest strength, what is your greatest weakness, tell me about yourself, why do you want this job. Usually preparing for this questions will help a applicant be better prepared for their interview and sound professional. Researching the company and knowing what they sell or the service they provide will help the applicant better understand the questions they might be asked during the interviewing process. What applicants tend to do is talk to the other employees that are employed their and ask to go out for a informational interview for the questions they have about the
You should also define your objectives before attending a job interview. The objectives refer to what you want to achieve from the interview. The most obvious objective would be to be hired, but you should think beyond this as well. If you are heading out to your first ever job interview, your objective might be to learn from the experience and to gain confidence going forward. On the other hand, it might be to create connections with the organisation beyond being hired.
By preparing oneself for an interview they will feel more confident and have the knowledge to impress the interviewer. The overall purpose of an interview is for the applicant to professionally tell the employer why they are the best candidates for the job. Employers are looking for individuals that are willing to go above and beyond their daily tasks and have a positive impact on their company. From the beginning to the very end of the employment process it is important to keep a positive mindset. With positivity and confidents the possibility are
An interview in general is a meeting of two or more people, which one (interviewer) or more (interviewers) persons questions the other (interviewee) or others (interviewees). (Interview) An employment interview is an interview between prospective employer and employee that determines if the candidate fits the goals and credentials that are need to perform the job. An employment interview can last anywhere
The interview is one of the most important elements in the job search process. When an employer invites you to an interview, he/she is indicating an interest in bringing you on board. The interview gives both of you the opportunity to exchange enough information to determine if you are a good "fit" for each other. Think of an interview as a highly focused professional conversation. You should use the limited amount of time you have to learn about an employer 's needs and discuss the ways you can meet these needs. In many cases, you will interview at least twice before being hired for a position. Once in a brief screening interview and at least once again in a more serious meeting when you may also speak with many of your potential coworkers.