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A note on the Victorian age
The role of Victorian women
A note on the Victorian age
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Feminist literature is a broad term politically describing the role of women, and how they came to be activists in their pursuit of liberal freedom. The term feminism has been around for years, correlating with the movement of women’s aptitude to find a way in life and basically as in “The Awakening” such as Edna did, a voice.
“Feminism is a belief that women should fight for their equal rights, powers and opportunities as men do,” (Cambridge Dictionary). The antagonistic nature of the women in the Victorian period was to bring many changes in their lifestyle, and not follow the norm of the traditions and values in that time. This burning desire, to become free, emancipated, liberal, and to be able to speak freely of their thoughts was unsettling to many, and this resulted in several feminist movements, one being the Seneca Falls Convention which was the revolution of Women’s Conferences which then lead to female independence.
“The Awakening” by Kate Chopin, connects with feminist literature because the author is trying to portray the life style Edna has made for her self and how she realizes her independence after she succumbs to the tradition of marriage. Chopin examines the principals of the female characters in their work and household duties and how they exemplify their lives around the issues women faced during the Victorian period. To put it simply, women in the Victorian period grew up with just one mind set, with only one view. This view pertained to being a good housewife and above all a noble mother. The women of this time period believed that life was sinful to think of their pleasure or emotions above any one else’s.
The Victorian Era was the time of the British rule of Queen Victoria, and how during her time pe...
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Works Cited
Chopin, Kate. “The Awakening: An Authoritative Text. Biographical and Historical Contexts.” Ed. Margo Culley. New York: W.W. Norton, 1994. Print
Chametzky, Jules. “[Edna and the “Women Question”]” The Awakening: An Authoritative Text. Biographical and Historical Contexts. Ed. Margo Culley. New York: W.W. Norton, 1994. 221-222. Print.
Fletcher, Marie. “[The Southern Women in Fiction]” The Awakening: An Authoritative Text. Biographical and Historical Contexts. Ed. Margo Culley. New York: W.W. Norton, 1994. 193-195. Print.
Kelly, Martin. “Seneca Falls Convention: Background and Details” American History. Aboutweb. 2011.
Schlereth, Thomas J. “Victorian America: Transformations in Everyday Life, 1875-1915.” New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1991. Print.
Yalom, Marilyn. “A History of the Wife” New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 2001. Print.
Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. 2nd. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, 1994. Print.
Wells, Kim. “Kate Chopin’s The Awakening: A Critical Reception.” Kate Chopin’s The Awakening: A Critical Reception. N.p., Aug. 1999. Web. 30 Apr. 2015.
"Edna's Wisdom: A Transitional and Numinous Merging." Martin 109-39. Martin, Wendy, ed. New Essays on the Awakening. Cambridge:
Edna Pontellier, the protagonist of Kate Chopin’s The Awakening (1899) who would not allow anyone to possess her, is an example of how the cult of domesticity, prevalent in the nineteenth century, oppressed women as passionless mothers who worship their husbands. While Edna isolates herself from her husband, Leonce, she also isolates herself from her children and, thus, from motherhood. However, Chopin utilizes the motherhood metaphor to illustrate Edna’s own rebirth as she awakens throughout the novel. Exploring Chopin’s tale through feminist literary theory and the cult of domesticity, the metaphor of motherhood through Edna’s own maternity as well as her metaphorical rebirth becomes apparent.
In The Awakening, Kate Chopin tells a story during the upbringing of the feminist movement, the movement was masked by the social attitudes entering into the 1900’s. She tells this story in the form of a novel, in which is told in a third person view, that is very sympathetic for Edna Pontellier, the protagonist. This is a review of the journey Edna takes in her awakening and evaluate the effectiveness this novel takes in introducing, continuing, and ending Edna’s awakening.
Buzard, James, Linda K. Hughes. "The Victorian Nation and its Others" and "1870." A Companion to Victorian Literature and Culture. Ed. Herbert F. Tucker. Malden: Blackwell Publishers, 1999. 35-50, 438-455.
Kate Chopin’s short novel, The Awakening, was published in 1899, five years before her death. The Awakening follows Edna Pontellier as she navigates through the summer and fall of her twenty-eighth year. She learns to swim, engages in two extramarital affairs, moves out of her husband’s house, and, upon hearing of her lover, Robert’s rejection, she drowns herself. For over fifty years, The Awakening has been heralded as a deeply feminist text. Chopin destabilizes traditional family values and puts a woman in a position of sexual power and quasi-liberation. The feminism of this text is complicated by Edna’s final action. Edna’s inability to continue living after being rejected by Robert would indicate a feminine dependence on a masculine figure,
Kate Chopin’s The Awakening should be seen as depicting the discontentment that comes from self-gratification rather than the glorification of delighting in one’s fantasies. Chopin describes the central idea of one who is seeking to please her personal needs and desires and, in the process, neglects to notice how her actions affect others. The protagonist, Edna, is not able to find peace or happiness in the accepted daily life that a woman of her era and social status should have. The fulfilling of her desires could essentially cause social ostracism for her, her husband, and her children, yet she is unable to find repose in living the typical social Victorian life. The final resolve of her “awakening” to her desires, her ultimate suicide, is not an honorable position that women should strive toward as a romantic ideal because her desires were hopeless in her situation. Through Edna’s striving for personal satisfaction, she loses the joys that daily life has to offer.
Feminism, in its simplest definition, is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. (Webster) Feminists fight for equality for women to men socially, politically, and economically. At the peak of feminist discourse is equality for men and women in education and in employment. However, feminism also focuses on more than issues regarding the rights of women in relation to men. Issues of gender equality and women’s right to control their sexuality are also at the core of feminist theory. A key argument made by many feminists is how women have very little control over their sexuality, mainly being defined and controlled by men. T...
According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, feminism is defined as the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes. Feminism is a major part of the short story, “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin, which is a story that portrays women’s lack of freedom in the 1800s. Women had no rights, and had to cater to all of their husband’s needs. The main character in “The Story of an Hour” is a woman who suffers from heart trouble, named Mrs. Mallard. When Mrs. Mallard was told about her husband’s death, she was initially emotional, but because of her husband’s death, she reaped freedom and became swept away with joy.
The Victorian Era in English history was a period of rapid change. One would be hard-pressed to find an aspect of English life in the 19th century that wasn’t subject to some turmoil. Industrialization was transforming the citizens into a working class population and as a result, it was creating new urban societies centered on the factories. Great Britain enjoyed a time of peace and prosperity at home and thus was extending its global reach in an era of New Imperialism. Even in the home, the long held beliefs were coming into conflict.
Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, fictional or philosophical dissertation. It helps to explain the main nature of gender inequality. It further explains the social roles of women in the society such as education, communication, philosophy, sociology and so on (Chodrow, Nancy 1991).
"History in Focus." : The Victorian Era (Introduction). Institute of Historical Research., Apr. 2001. Web. 29 Mar. 2014.
The Awakening is a novel by Kate Chopin first published in 1899. The main character, Edna Pontellier, faces many problems that were considered taboo at the turn of the twentieth century. Women were expected to have and raise children and that was their sole purpose. Men, on the other hand, were to work, and provide for their children. Edna’s problems, viewed today, are not atypical. She struggles with her happiness and wishes for her own identity besides that of wife and mother which she could not do because of the gender biases of the time. These are very modern problems in a Victorian time period. Kate Chopin, very successfully, captures the struggles of one 1900s era woman facing problems that are fairly commonplace today.
According to Webster’s dictionary, the definition of feminism is the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of sexes. One might think that the stereotypical feminist might be a woman with hairy armpits complaining about irrational