Favelas Thesis

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Pacifying the Favelas of Rio de Janeiro:
Towards a Redefinition Clientelism in Favelas Politics

Thesis Statement

I would argue that the Pacification Policy implemented in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro since 2008 will redefine clientele politics in the favelas. Arias (2006) argues that drug traffic led to a two tierce clientelism where politicians deal with drugs lords, who then transmit the benefit to favelas inhabitants who will then exchange their vote. I would argue that politicians engage in dual clientelism under the pacification policy. By stepping in the favelas, the state would deal with favelas inhabitants directly by exchanging social programs against their vote, and deal with traffickers by letting them do their business as long …show more content…

2006; 2009; Drugs & democracy in Rio de Janeiro: Trafficking, social networks & public security. 1st ed. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Relying on interviews conducted with inhabitants of three different favelas, Arias shows how violence occurs as a result of conflicts between politically connected drug dealers, creating a perpetual climate of violence in favelas.
• Arias, Enrique Desmond. 2006. Trouble en route: Drug trafficking and clientelism in Rio de Janeiro shantytowns. Qualitative Sociology29 (4): 427-45.
Arias does an ethnographic analysis of political exchanges in the 1998 national elections in three favelas, and argues that drug trafficking has changed the practice of clientelism. There is no a two-tierce clientelism in which politicians deal with drug lords, who then provide benefits to favelas inhabitants, who then vote for a given party.
• Hicken, A. 2011. clientelism. In. Vol. 14, 289-310. PALO ALTO: ANNUAL REVIEWS

For Hicken, clientelism is characterized by the combination of particularistic targeting and contingency-based exchange. This method of contingent exchange thrives in both autocracies and democracies. It exists in a large variety of cultural contexts. Confronted with economic development, clientelism disappears in some political contexts but adapts and survives in others. It is also linked with economic outcomes, corruption and provision of public

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