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Domestic violence and its effects
Physical and psychological effects of domestic violence
Domestic violence and its effects
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Violence is defined as an unjust or unwarranted exertion of force or power used intentionally against another person or against oneself. Its outcome is injury; which can be physical or psychological, fatal or nonfatal. I cannot imagine how this definition does not include “verbal and emotional” abuse as an act of purposeful negligence (Abbassi, & Aslinia, 2010). A more defined comprehensive definition of violence is need to properly assess the problem. Violence is deep-rooted in all cultures past and present. Just by turning on the television we are exposed to various acts of violence every day. Important factors such as stress and overburdening, together with a combination of other factors like mental health, poverty, unemployment, lack …show more content…
It is also known as intergenerational transmission of violence (Jasinski, 2001). Many believe that violent behavior is passed down through each generation (Abbassi, & Aslinia, 2010) through vicarious learning or through being subjected to violence directly or indirectly. In the article Family Violence, Trauma and Social Learning Theory, the authors contends that children learn violent behaviors and then teach these behaviors to their children (Abbassi & Aslinia, 2010). These children may not need to the direct victim of a violent act, just merely witnessing the act is adequate enough to learn and later reenact that behavior. When used to describe violence against women, social learning theory is the major cause (Jasinski, 2001). In other words, individuals learn that in order to get what they want, violence is the best approach.
Those that are against social learning theory as a cause of violence, contends that it does not explain much of the spectacle of violence against women (Jasinski, 2001). The argument is that this theory is inadequate because not everyone that is exposed to violence grow up to have violent behavioral patterns. Studies have found only a small percentage of perpetrators have been exposed to violence when they were young (Jasinski, 2001). Although, social learning theory may not explain for all causes of violence, it is however, a very vital
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Studies concluded that an injury may impair the impulse control mechanism in the brain causing increase in aggressive behavior (King, 2012). The cerebral cortex has been the fundamental part of the brain considered when looking at violent behavior. The cerebral cortex is the external part of the brain that is partitioned into two halves comprising of four lobes. The frontal and temporal lobes manages the impulses and emotion, these regions of the brain are most contemplated when studying violence. The limitation of the brain injury is that it does not explain all occurrences of violence as everyone who exhibit violent behavior does not have a brain injury (Ali & Naylor,
Social behavior responds to a complicated network of rewards and punishments. The more a behavior is rewarded, the more likely it is to continue. On the flip side of this, the more a behavior is met with negative consequences, the more it is likely to stop. In any given social situation, whether someone commits a crime is largely dependent on his past behavior, or whether someone has received a positive reinforcement to a that crime. According to Social Learning Theory, crime is a direct response to this reinforcement. So in other words, if rewards are greater than punishments, the crime will be committed. Social Learning Theory is meant to operate as a general theory of crime.
...social behavior” that children who sustain physical abuse grow up with criminal and antisocial behaviors. Just like the brother children who are abused have a high chance of becoming a violent parent themselves. Not only the child abuse destroys the future for one generation but many more to come because the cycle of violence stays with the parents that were abused.
Tio Hardiman, the creator of the Violence Interrupters Program, said, “You can give them a history lesson. Your daddy was violent, your granddaddy was violent, and your great granddaddy was violent. And now your brothers are messed up because you misled them” (James et al., 2012). He is describing how violence is a learned behavior from your family and close peers. Hardiman goes on to tell a little about his own family’s history with violence. When he was fourteen, a man tried to hurt him in the streets, but his stepfather killed the man right in front of him, and he recalls feelings good about it. This family taught him violence was okay through their own
The subculture of violence theory revolves around individuals using violent acts in need of survival. In this theory, people kill because one was living their lifestyle through violent acts as normal behavior. According to Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz they mention, “violent behavior is more effective than nonpoor families’ (Thio et al, 2013, p. 79). Most poor neighborhoods have higher chances of committing crimes, especially, knowing that the behavior of the actions is reflected towards survival. These behaviors can be reflected on the family, peers, and community aspects. Living in poor neighborhoods, can be scary when not knowing what type of violent act or individuals that live around one. For example; some individuals might be influenced with gangs or fall into the wrong crowd. Individuals, who choose violence, are influenced by the experience from these gang groups, peers, parents, or normal neighborhood behaviors. These individuals live through the violence acts to kill because this is the type of lifestyle they are living in. I believe that people are violent because they believe killing is an escape to get away from issues and own problems. Also, people might turn to killing because it’s the main solution for survival. For example; if one is being harassed, one might feel that violence could to a key factor to protect themselves in this type of
In 2000 an article was published in Science by Dr. Richard Davidson at the University of Wisconsin at Madison. It showed a study conducted by Davidson on those who had previously committed violent crimes versus those who are considered for the most part, “normal.” The results showed distinct brain activity in the more violent offenders in the frontal lobe and limbic system. This leads us to conclude that those who are violent could potentiall...
The article is divided into categories and investigates various factors associated with violence, and details the psychosocial/biological motives behind the criminal acts. It provides comprehensive accounts of neuropsychological concepts, neurochemistry,
Aggression, violence, and victimization are remarkably dynamic terms. How these terms are understood and defined is shaped by formal and informal social policies and controls (Goldstein, 1986). Excluding assertiveness from the definition of aggression as it relates to violence, aggression can be considered to encompass behaviors intended to cause physical or psychological harm. Violence may be understood as an extreme form of aggression, in which the intent of the perpetrator is to cause serious harm (Berkowitz, 1993). Anthropological research on various non-western cultures demonstrates that aggression and violence are not necessarily inevitable, nor are they universal (Goldstein, 1986). Like words and manners, as Elias points out, the concepts transform over time, and vary across and within cultures (Fletcher, 1997).
Is there a biological basis for violent behavior in the brain? Recent research links "neurological impairments and psychoses" to violent behavior (1).
Violence causes a great deal of suffering and harm in the world today and yesterday (Cross 2013). Peace and conflict researchers are undeniably justified in their selection of inter and intra-state violence as objects of study because the social context for both the performance and understanding of violence is of central importance (Cross 2013). However it is surprisingly rare to find a definition of violence (Moore 2003). Thus uncertainty prevails as to whether violence is limited to physical abuse or includes verbal and psychological abuse (Moore 2003). Agreeing with Moore (2003), Galtung (1969) said it is not important to arrive at a definition of violence because there are obliviously many types of violence. Violence is not
Neihoff, D. (1999). The biology of violence: How understanding the brain, behavior and environment can break the vicious circle of aggression. New York: Free Press.
Many experts do not accept that biology alone creates children who kill. They believe that violence is a learned behavior. Being abused or witnessing domestic violence is an environmental factor in ju...
Neurophysiologic conditions are also linked to antisocial behavior and uncontrollable violence committed by an individual who has a neurological defect. Electroencephalograph or EEG measures the impulses that are delivered to the brain. In violent criminals EEG levels were drastically higher than other criminals. “Studies using the EEG find t...
Violence is common around the world. We see it everyday, but what happens when violence enters the home of a married couple or a simple relationship. What was once a happy couple in love suddenly takes a sudden turn into violent and aggressive behavior. A behavior which is addressed as Domestic Violence. There is much more to the matter, such as causes, preventing the violence, treatments and who it affects. All which play a very important role in the world of domestic violence.
Children today are likely to experience or witness violence at home. Researchers are concerned about the effect domestic violence has on children, and has prompted researchers to conduct an increasing number of investigations into this issue. Social learning theory and Erikson's theory of basic trust are two tools used to predict aggressive behavior in children.
The word violence has many different meanings and has many ways of impacting people. It can beat someone down not just physically, but emotionally. Unfortunately, violence and abuse is not uncommon within families and intimate relationships. Webster 's Online Dictionary says that violence is "the use of physical force to harm someone, to damage e property, etc., great destructive force or energy" (Websters,2014) It includes abusive words, actions and criminal acts that seek to degrade, humiliate or harm a woman or child.. Often, the term violence is used to refer to specific, usually physical, acts, while the word abuse is used to refer to a pattern of behavior that a person uses to gain or maintain power and control over another. This essay