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1. Discuss the differences in how conflict theorists and symbolic interactionists view the issue of gender and housework.
Conflict theorist, leading with Marxist where always fighting against already set traditional rules. Nothing is different here about woman and traditional role in the family. Marxism and socialism where always tie closely to me to feminism. In many cases, socialism did give empowerment to a woman in terms of education, and job opportunity. In socialism, everything was about ideology. I remember inter religious marriages where highly encouraged. Reason being, it was easier to eliminate religion from the family much easier, and by this traditional woman’s role as well. By conflict theorist, woman and man role will never change, regardless of ideology. Woman will always be mom and a wife regardless is she or is she not in work force is she or is she not bringing income in the house. This is not by the choice but traditional role of a woman that girls are bran washed from the young age. Symbolic interactionists, believe that should be fair trade between how much income woman produce vs how much homework does she do. If she is bringing the same income as her husband, housework should be shared equally. I Personally believe this will be fair. However, I personally like my housework do myself and have my husband fix the car, or work in the yard. I think this is also fair trade. Some people will feel that is “ not man’s job to be in the kitchen”, but watching new generation coming around I see these view slowly going away.
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(2013). Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach. New Jersey:
She argues that men have professions and other duties that focus their minds and help to develop reason “whilst women, on the contrary, have no other scheme to sharpen their faculties” (Wollstonecraft 2004, 77). Women spend most of their time tending to the house and their beauty because that is what they are taught to focus on, in order to get the most out of their life. During their upbringing children are taught to follow the actions of those that share the same gender as them. This causes drastic differences between the sexes because there is no opportunity to overlap the characteristics of the two genders to create a more coherent and equal society. In relation to that, Marx states that all citizens, no matter their status, should have the right to private property and freedom to do as they wish with the labor they produce. Marx (1988, 81) believes “private property is thus the product, the result, the necessary consequence, of alienated labor, the necessary consequence, of alienated labor, of the external relation of the worker to nature and to himself.” The deprivation of the laborers from control of their own products causes their alienation not only from the products but also the rest of society, which ultimately creates an unstable form of community. This instability will eventually
As century pass by generation also pass their traditional values to the next generation. some people still think the way their ancestors thought and believe in what they believed in. During the beginning of 1890 people couldn’t have premarital sex, women had to be the caretaker while men was the breadwinner. during this century those perspective have changed argued Stephanie Coontz the author of “The American Family”. Coontz believe women should have more freedom and there should be gender equality. Robert Kuttner, the author of “The Politics of Family” also believe that women should not be only the caretaker but whatever they want as a career. Robert Kuttner 's text does support Stephanie Coontz’ arguments about the issues related to traditional
In this theory, women classify themselves as to what their status is in the society. “A woman’s conception of herself is a product of her social existence” as it was mentioned in the theory. The Marxist feminism is a rejection of individuality set by the liberal feminism since women are a distinct economic class rather than individuals.
Both the functionalist theory and the conflict theory could shed light on the problem by looking at it with a macro view rather than a micro view. A functionalist would look at gender inequalities as a helpful way to divide labor that in turn maximizes resources and efficiency. The conflict theory is structural and can help us to better understand the power struggle between men and women which advocates for the situation. When there is conflict between a subordinate group and a dominant one things happen that create social change.
Unfortunately, our society is still very much a patriarchy. In general, men still hold more positions of power, and women are expected to fulfill the stereotypical roles of "wife" and "mother" over that of "breadwinner". Men are reluctant to give up their power in society as well as in the home, and by encouraging a woman to take her husband's name, society is encouraging a symbolic relinquishing of power from wife to husband. There are different schools of thought on why society perpetuates this behavior. One view is that of structural-functionalists, who believe that the organized division of labor by gender maintains a society's efficiency. They believe that when one knows his or her role in the family, family bonds are then strengthened. It is similar to many Christians' line of thinking that man should serve God, woman should serve man, children serve their parents. In turn, God provides for man, man provides for woman, woman provides for children. A man in this line of thinking may feel that once a woman takes his name, she is under his care, just as any future children that are born with his name.
At this point, the difference perspective in ideology and political action has divided the women movement into some feminism types; socialist, Marxist, radical, liberal and many others. While liberal feminist focus their struggle for equality on civil, economic, and political rights, and education, the feminist socialist and Marxist believe women 's oppression is “the product of the political, social and economic structure within which individuals live.” (Tong, 1998: pp.94). Although some other people suppose that the feminist Marxist and socialist is quiet different, but both of them believe the source of women oppression are capitalism and patriarchy. The Marxist feminism is rooted in 19th century thinker such as Marx and Engels, whether
I believe that women and men can be equals within both spheres of the household and the workforce. As a feminist, I support women that choose to be mothers and not work, I support women that work and their partners stay at home with the children, and I support partners that equally divide up the work and dabble within both spheres. I, personally, want to work, get my PhD, and be a mother. My partner also has the opportunity to choose what they decide to do, whether that be work, stay at home to parent, or do both of the duties equally. My family and I do not share similar values toward gender role ideology. My father maintains a strong traditional view of the separation of men and women’s roles. He believes that women are supposed to be the ones that do all of the cooking, cleaning, and pushing out the children and then raising them. Men are solely the breadwinners and once they come home from work, there should be dinner on the table with children off to bed shortly after while he sits in his recliner and watches television all night. My father was very upset and did not understand why I did not want to get married straight out of high school and actually wanted to pursue my college degree, let alone a PhD. My father does not accept my views and we fight a lot about multiple issues and beliefs. My mother on the other hand is a little better and holds at least a transitional view of gender role ideology. My mother and step-father both
Men were in control of almost everything a woman did. Women were seen to be second best compared to men, therefore, they were treated as such. Osmond and Thorne (1993) stated that “historically male experts have controlled women’s bodies, denying them the access to birth control and abortion; the large males dominated medical field established alienation conditions for childbearing. Most of the major professions were occupied by men” (p. 613). Feminist leaders also challenged the structural functionalism theory’s concept of the nuclear families. Feminists believe that following the traditional way of having a family would continue to lead to their oppression. Smith and Hamon (2012) stated “limiting families to the traditional nuclear definition restricts women’s roles to a subordinate position and discounts the experiences of women in diverse family forms” (p. 297). Feminists believed that men and women could perform just as well as men on tasks within society, therefore they felt that there should be no division or superior/inferior rank among
Dempsey, K. (1997). Women’s Perception of Fairness and the Persistence of an Unequal Division of Housework. Family Matters, 2(48), 1-11.
By the 1980s, Marxism, the economics forces define the political and cultural realities in society, mixed with feminism claimed “that gender is not class but a driving force of history.” This created the notion that “when women are subordinate men benefit” and that women had a disadvantage to men in the workforce (Conley 2013). Marxist feminist would called this gender conflict. The nuclear family has gender roles which are “set of behavioral norms assumed to accompany one’s status as a male or female.Gender roles is more general term,but Parson’s sex roles is more of an ambiguous term. Sex roles theory states that men are work oriented, while women are domestic oriented to form the ideal nuclear family. “Sex roles created by society was formed for structuralism functionalism, which is the theoretical tradition claiming that every society has certain structures that exist in order to fulfill some set of necessary functions(2013). Even though functionalist supported this theory in the 1960s, it was flawed. Sex role theory only provided one way of how a family could function. Essentialist would describe Parson’s theory as the social phenomena of the nuclear family based on the biological factor of sex. R.W. Connell described the condition in which men are dominant and privileged and that it is invisible, which is Hegemonic masculinity. Even though hegemonic masculinity is what some theorist impose, it clarifies
Feminist sociology focuses on examining and understanding gender in its relation to power within society as well as individuals. The fundamental principle of feminist sociology is the idea that in most societies, women have been oppressed and that men have been more dominant throughout history. Feminist theory directly relates to feminist sociology. According to the Introduction to Sociology 2e textbook, “feminist theory is a type of conflict theory that examines inequalities in gender-related issues. It uses the conflict approach to examine the maintenance of gender roles and inequalities” (Openstax 261). This paper aims to analyze feminist theory, discuss its history, as well as emphasizing a current social
Gender inequality refers to the inequality between men and women, or the unequal treatment or perception of a person based on his or her gender. Gender inequality is almost always prominent towards a female rather than towards a male. Women are seen as inferior to men in every country in the world. This form of society is called patriarchal and is one of this biggest issues in American society today. Patriarchy means that the country has a primarily male dominated society. Does anyone realize what gender inequality is doing to our country as a whole? Not everyone may think it has a great impact on our society, but gender inequality creates many of our problems today including wealth, income, and status discriminations. I chose to write about this topic because I believe that this is one of the biggest problems that all societies face, not just the United States. Fixing the gender inequality issues in our country could have a bigger impact than what many people may think. Changing something that most consider to be so minuscule could play a very important part of a much bigger picture in our country. If we could close the gap created by the inequality between men and women than maybe we could help influence the way America thinks about many other issues as well.
Mason, Karen Oppenheim, An Jensen, and Janet Saltzman Chafetz. "Chicken or Egg? A Theory of the Relationship between Feminist Movement and Family Change." Gender and Family Change In Industrialized Countries. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1995. 63-68. Print.
Gender is defined as the scopes of genetic, physical, mental and behaviour characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity and feminity, meanwhile inequality is defined as in a situation where there is an unfair situation or treatment in which certain people have more privileges or better opportunities or chances than other people. Thus, from the definition stated gender inequality refers to unequal or unfair management, treatment, or perceptions of persons or individuals are based on their gender. In a parallel sense, gender inequality can be said as the world in which there was discrimination against anyone based on gender. In this introductory, the general understanding of gender inequalities will be discussed further into three significant factors that influence the allocation of housework between men and women. Household chores can be classified as cleaning, cooking and paying bills. Division of housework serves as an important element in the continuation of the function of a family and it requires contribution from both spouses (Tang, 2012). However, current society’s perception on housework is based on gender, so the three major factors that influence the division of household chores within the couples are education level, economic resources, and time availability (refer to Figure1 in Appendix 1).
ticised by some sociologists as they believe that they majority of the housework, is taken on by the females. This can be backed up by research on couples and the evidence of the children's pay. It is argued that good children, a clean home and a happy husband all rely on the mother of the family. It could be argued that changes in conjugal roles have happened because of changes in society i.e. women in the work place, but the old fashioned, underlying norms of society seem to still be alive today. But we cannot categorise all families into one area as the symmetry of domestic roles depends on a number of factors.