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Relationship between slaves and their masters
Dehumanization of African slaves by Africans
Psychological impact of slavery on African Americans
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To begin, throughout slavery slaves were forced to endure tremendous amounts of psychological/emotional trauma. Psychological/emotional trauma can be defined as the heavy amounts of stress that the slaves were forced to experience due to the harsh reality of the slave lifestyle. The psychological/emotional trauma caused slaves to negatively change their perspective on life and their overall way of thinking. This is illustrated in the film Sankofa, when the film excellently portrays the differences between the two save classes: field slaves and house slaves. In the movie Sankofa the field slaves have a strong dislike for the house slaves, because the house slaves received many luxuries that the field slaves didn’t. These luxuries included having …show more content…
Slave owners dehumanized slaves in several ways. For example, Masters would cut slaves hair, severely beat slaves, and give them new names to replace their African names; in efforts to cleanse the slaves of their African roots and their Masters did these things to constantly remind the slaves that they are not people but, property and that they have no control of their lives. Another example of dehumanization is the slave owners/masters not teaching or wanting the slaves to read. In the book When I was a slave: Memoirs from the slave narrative collection, Boston Blackwell emphasizes the lack of education of the average poor slave, and why the typical master would never want a slave to learn how to read and be educated. Blackwell states: “Us poor niggers never allowed to learn anything. All the readin’ they ever hear was when they was carried through the big Bible. The massa say that keep the slaves in the places” (Yetman, 2002 p.16). The desire of the whites to keep slaves uneducated is a form of dehumanization, because whites did not consider slaves as people and they did not consider them as civilized members of their society; therefore, they did not see the purpose of educating slaves. Also, if the slaves became educated the whites feared that they would be better equipped to resist slavery. Overall, the dehumanization of a slave is an example of psychological/emotional trauma because when whites …show more content…
Miscegenation is “the act of race-mixing”. In the film “Sankofa”, Joe a head slave or slave driver was a mulatto; meaning he was a product of miscegenation; due to the fact that his mother Nunu was raped by a white man on a slave ship when she was only 14 years old. However, Joe is unaware that his mother was raped instead he believes that Nunu chose to sleep with a white man. Thus, Joe resents his mother for sleeping with a white man because now he will always have to live with the constant confliction that comes with being a product of miscegenation. Throughout the movie Joe is conflicted about which side he belongs to or who he own his loyalties to. For example, whites gave him the position of a head slave/slave driver which is the biggest position that any slave can have. Also, Joe’s preacher is a man of non-African descent whom he looks to for constant spiritual guidance. Therefore, Joe wants to remain in the good graces of the whites. However, by only aligning himself with the whites he loses the respect of his black peers, but despite this Joe has a strong desire to only be viewed as a white man. However, on the other hand Joe wants to express his loyalties to his mother Nunu and his on and off again lover Lucy, but if he does this than he will be looked down upon by the whites due to his high position of a slave driver. For example, when his mom Nunu is
For Example, the mulatto and slave William Wells Brown comment “During the time that Mr. Cook was overseer, I was a house servant - a situation preferable to that of a field hand, as I was better fed, better clothed, and not obliged to rise at the ringing of the bell, but about half an hour after. I have often laid and heard the crack of the whip, and the screams of the slave”. Brown was the son of the plantation owner where he lived on and even though he was a slave he did not have the same obligations as the other slaves. He was simply a part of the family, but his father did not take his mother into consideration. She was still working in the field and getting whipped by the plantation’s overseer. In contrast to Brown being light skin and the son of the plantation owner, the mulatto Moses Roper had a total different experience. Roper’s father was also the plantation owner, but he was not considered a part of the family, he was simply another slave. Mr. Roper’s wife knew about Moses birth and she attempted to kill him after knowing that Moses was white. As Moses narrates, “she returned back as soon as she could, and told her mistress that I was white, and resembled Mr. Roper very much. Mr. Roper 's wife being not pleased with this report, she got a large club stick and knife, and hastened to the place in which my mother was confined”. Moses’s mother and him were not welcomed anymore in the
Slaves lived terrible lives; always being told what to do and how to live, what to
Frederick Douglass, the author of the book “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass”, said “I saw more clearly than ever the brutalizing effects of slavery upon both slave and slaveholder” (Douglass, p.71). Modern people can fairly and easily understand the negative effects of slavery upon slave. People have the idea of slaves that they are not allow to learn which makes them unable to read and write and also they don’t have enough time to take a rest and recover their injuries. However, the negative effects upon slaveholder are less obvious to modern people. People usually think about the positive effects of slavery upon slaveholder, such as getting inexpensive labor. In the book “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass”, Douglass also shows modern readers some brutalizing impact upon the owner of the slaves. He talks about Thomas Auld and Edward Covey who are his masters and also talks about Sophia Auld who is his mistress. We will talk about those three characters in the book which will help us to find out if there were the negative influences upon the owner of the slaves or not. Also, we will talk about the power that the slaveholders got from controlling their slaves and the fear that the slaveholders maybe had to understand how they were changed.
Sankofa, a captivating film by Haile Gerima was put out in 1993 to illustrate to African Americans their truth. The meaning of Sankofa is, “We must go back and reclaim our past so we can move forward; so we can understand why and how we came to be who we are today”. The film empowers the audience through time travel of how slaves rebelled, fought back, and conspired against their enslavers and overseers to freedom. The journey from Mona to Shola, we visit her ancestral experience on a new world plantation, as she endures life as a slave and experiences her developing perception and revolution.
...tive on the psychological damages of slavery. White believes “pairing the psychological with the enslaved woman’s means of survival has helped us analyze many patterns that emerged after slavery (10).”
Douglass was motivated to learn how to read by hearing his master condemn the education of slaves. Mr. Auld declared that an education would “spoil” him and “forever unfit him to be a slave” (2054). He believed that the ability to read makes a slave “unmanageable” and “discontented” (2054). Douglass discovered that the “white man’s power to enslave the black man” (2054) was in his literacy and education. As long as the slaves are ignorant, they would be resigned to their fate. However, if the slaves are educated, they would understand that they are as fully human as the white men and realize the unfairness of their treatment. Education is like a forbidden fruit to the slave; therefore, the slave owners guard against this knowledge of good and evil. Nevertheless, D...
By this time, the mindset of people who owned slaves, thought of ex-slaves as if they were still objects and property to be owned. The inequality and treatment of ex-slaves were ridiculous. Even some objects were more valuable than the life of an ex-slave, or any colored person. Leary, Hammond, and Davis stated in the “Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome” article, “Being reminded that our ancestors were treated as property and only as humans when it was profitable to their owners stirred our emotions… The author details how blacks were counted as 3/5 of a person… American slaves had no legal rights as property, but interestingly enough, slaves outside of the United States did have rights and could even buy themselves out of slavery under certain conditions” (Leary, Hammond, and Davis, “Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome”). This played a major role into Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome making a lasting effect throughout generations and generations to come. There were people who believed in the great plan of equality and fairness, but those people were very few. Even when President Lincoln passed the emancipation proclamation, people still did not want slaves to be free or even wanted to acknowledge them as people. This started to cause the Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome because there was no closure on the situation and the pain that came out of it. To this day,
The psychological impact on the slaves in this book was awful, mainly because of the abuse, discrimination, humiliation, sexual assault, rape, and embarrassment that they were served by their owners. The abuse, assault, humiliation, and rape were the worst, forty-six people of the chain gang were offered to eat semen from the guards for breakfast (Parker). The slaves in Beloved were treated as animals, the white people of the towns dehumanized blacks and from then on they look at blacks as animals, they had no value, no purpose (Heffernan). Schoolteacher, the slave owner looked at blacks as something way less than human, he look at them with talks of mating them with one another or whoever wanted to “mate” with them, he didn’t care, none of them cared (Heffernan).
According to Douglass, the treatment of a slave was worse than an animal. Not only was he valued as an animal but also a slave was reduced to an animal when he was as much a man as his keeper. The mental faculty a slave had was diminished through the forbidden nature of reading and learning, as well as the constant drunkenness imposed on the slaves during holidays.
This a form of mental abuse because it denied the slaves the ability to think for themselves, through denying them the knowledge needed to make important decisions. The life of a female slave seems to be a little more trying then that of a male slaves. This is due to the sexual abuse which the women must endure. Also brought forth was some trials of slavery which do not always come to mind, such as separation anxiety, illiteracy, and sexual abuse.
Slavery in the eighteenth century was worst for African Americans. Observers of slaves suggested that slave characteristics like: clumsiness, untidiness, littleness, destructiveness, and inability to learn the white people were “better.” Despite white society's belief that slaves were nothing more than laborers when in fact they were a part of an elaborate and well defined social structure that gave them identity and sustained them in their silent protest.
Slave owners not only broke slave families up, but they also tried to keep all the slaves illiterate. In the book slave owners thought, "A nigger should know nothing but to obey his master-to do as he is told to do. Learning would spoil the best nigger in the world. If you teach a slave how to read, they would become unmangeable and have no value to his master." Masters thought that if a slave became literate then they would rebel and get other slaves to follow them. Also masters lied to slaves saying learning would do them no good, only harm them. They tried using that reverse psychology to make it seem like what they were doing was right.
The behaviors of his masters display the effect that slavery had on the oppressors as well. In a psychoanalysis of mental slavery, author Barbara Fletchman Smith proclaims that “slavery was damaging for everyone concerned with it” (7). This message is revealed in the narrative after Douglass explains the effect that slavery had on his master’s wife who had not previously owned any slaves prior to his arrival. He stresses how initially she treated him like a human rather than as the animal he had been groomed into becoming or the property that he had been established as since birth. She even went as far as to begin teaching him how to read, a skill which was forbidden among slaves. It was not until her husband’s interference that she assumed the traditional role of a slaveholder’s wife. He had explained to her that “[reading] would forever unfit him to be a slave” (29). She became considerably fierce toward Douglass, stopped giving him lessons, and ensured that he would not have any access to anything he could try reading with. Her gradual change in character is evidence that no one person is naturally malicious towards another. Slavery perpetuated an uncompromising mindset of superiority and entitlement in order for those in power to remain in
Slaves were subject to harsh working conditions, malicious owners, and illegal matters including rape and murder. In many instances, slaves were born into slavery, raised their families in slavery, and died within the captivity of that same slavery. These individuals were not allowed to learn how to read, write, and therefore think for themselves. This is where the true irony begins to come into light. While we have been told our entire lives that education and knowledge is the greatest power available to everyone under the sun, there was a point in time where this concept was used to keep certain people under others. By not allowing the slaves to learn how to read, then they were inevitably not allowing the slaves to form free thoughts. One of my favorite quotes is that of Haruki Murakami, “If you only read the books that everyone else is reading, then you can only think what everyone else is thing.” This applied in magnitudes to those who didn’t get to read at all. Not only were these individuals subject to the inability to think outside the box, but for most of these their boxes were based upon the information the slaves owners allowed them to
treated them harshly. The masters’ perception of blacks was that they lacked self-discipline and morality. They justified slavery by claiming that they were training the slaves to master self discipline through work and also train them in the precepts of God. Not all masters were harsh and cruel. Some treated their slaves with kindness and subsequently were well loved. However, it still emerges that a majority of even the kindest masters still did not attach much humane value to their slaves. This has been exemplified in that despite amicable relationships, the slaves were rarely freed but instead passed on to other masters after the demise of their master like any other property owned by the late master.