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Racism in literature
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To Kill a Mockingbird, a book that sold over 30 million copies (Flynt), made its way into Americans lives in 1960. This novel was criticized and acclaimed by many Americans when it was released, with themes that remain relevant fifty-six years later. A significant theme throughout the book is social discrimination. Social discrimination is the act of discriminating against a person based on religion, race, sex, wealth, or age. Discrimination against African Americans, women, and people with little to no status and/or money makes up this book. Discrimination against these three demographics are still found today. The discrimination against African Americans has gradually declined since To Kill a Mockingbird was released (Tone), …show more content…
The biggest discrimination against African Americans that is still around today is also found in law enforcement. Many people are suspected of crimes only for the color of their skin (Perz). A study revealed that there are “more than 2,000 innocents who were falsely convicted of serious crimes since 1989. A closer look demonstrates that half of those exonerated were African American” (Biles). Tom Robinson was also a victim of being falsely convicted due to the color of his skin. A big issue that is consistently seen on the news is the killings of black men and women by police officers. An investigation done by the Guardian, states that in 2015, officers killed almost 600 African Americans, and that black men and women are twice as likely to get killed by police than a white person. (Laughland). “A Justice Department civil rights investigation has concluded that the Ferguson Police Department and the city's municipal court engaged in a "pattern and practice" of discrimination against African-Americans, targeting them disproportionately for traffic stops, use of force, and …show more content…
In the first chapter of the book it states that, “it is a shame to some members of the family we had no recorded ancestors on either sides of the Battle Hastings” (Lee 4). The Finches were seen as shameful to some people because they didn’t have any family members who fought in the battle, unlike most of the people who makeup Maycomb, Alabama. The only reason the Finch family was respected was because of Simon Finch, an ancestor of the family who was a rich, fur trapping apothecary. Today status is just as important as it was in the 1960s. Someone’s social status can affect the jobs they get, how they feel about themselves and how other people treat them (Chan). Many people today do not associate themselves with people who are seen as people with less status than them, this is seen in the novel when Aunt Alexander forbids Scout to invite Walter Cunningham over for dinner because he is trash and has less status then the Finches. There are four kinds of people in Maycomb; the Finches, Cunninghams, Ewells, and the African Americans. The Finches and people like them are seen as high class because they have the most status and/or money. People like the Cunninghams are below the Finches because they live in the woods with little to no money, but they are still a respected working family. Below the Cunninghams are the Ewells. They are poor and are not respected by anyone in town. Although
In the town of Maycomb, a man who stands up against racism forever changes people’s views on racism. Scout, Jem and Atticus Finch all stand together against racism and prejudice in the tiny town of Maycomb. In To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, in the town of Maycomb, prejudice is a disease, but Jem, Scout, and Dill are immune to this illness because of the people who raise them. For example, when Cecil and Francis told Scout that Atticus is a disgrace to defend Tom Robinson, even though Francis is Scout’s cousin. When Scout and Jem hear the verdict of Tom’s case they both cry and are angry about the sentence while the rest of the town is ecstatic. And finally when Scout doesn’t want Walter Cunningham to come over for dinner because she thinks that he is a disgrace. For all of these reasons, the Finch family must not be racist or prejudiced.
To Kill A Mockingbird displays an environment where one must be inhumane to another in order to become socially compatible. Maycomb has established a hierarchy where social compartmentalisation is the way of life. Men with a profession and a career are superior, while the farmers are near the bottom of the social strata and are considered inferior. No matter which remarkable qualities Negroes possess, they are always s...
In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird three characters, Scout, Jem, and Atticus Finch, experience the many hardships and difficulties of human inequality in their community, Maycomb County. Scout, the narrator, gives insight to readers about the many different characters of Maycomb, yet two are alike in many ways. Mayella Ewell is a 19-year-old girl who is considered white trash and lacks education, love, and friends. Dolphus Raymond is a wealthy white man who is married to an African-American and has mixed children. Although these characters may seem different, they share many of the same advantages and disadvantages of human inequality.
Harper Lee uses the characters of the Finches, Dolphus Raymond, and Bob Ewell to show this, since they are victimized by the townsfolk of Maycomb. The Finches are persecuted by their race and values, although white people held all power and they are a respected family; Dolphus Raymond is a good father to his mixed-race children, but he is viewed as trash and a drunk; Bob Ewell is a poor and immoral man, yet he receives as much persecution as the others. Hierarchies have existed in the past and present, and persecution among its ladders comes along with it. Yet no matter what position a person is, rich or poor, high or low, good or bad, he or she can still be a victim
The movie “To Kill a Mockingbird” is a good example of how socio-economic class differences clash into non reality. There are a variety of different economic classes throughout this movie that relates to life as it was in the south during the 1930s. The major aspects that disperse the people in the movie into different social classes are race, gender, and profession. For example, Atticus and his kids are a part of the highest social class because Atticus is a well respected lawyer which makes him part of the the highest profession in the community. Being the highest social class in the community, Atticus and his kids must treat others of lower class with integrity. A good example of this is when Walter Cunningham is invited to dinner by Jem, assuming the Cunningham’s were of a lower class based on the fact that Mr. Cunningham paid Atticus with a sack of goods instead of money. When Walter was eating and soaked his food in syrup, scout was rude to Walter and was punished because for being disrespectful to people of a lower class. Mrs. Dubose would be an example of a middle class citizen. The main reason she is not of a highest class is because of the way she treats the people around her .If she were in the same social class as Atticus then she would respect the people in her community. The Cunningham family would represent the lower social class because they borrow money and recompense it back with farm substances instead of cash. The Ewell’s would classify as the lowest social class because they are poor, rude, and have no aspiration to work. Even though Calpurnia has all good aspects of a decent lady and is well respected throughout the community, she is still considered to be part of this class as well because she is African American. Calpurnia would most likely be considered part of Atticus’s social class if she were
How would you like it if someone walked up to you and berated you based on the color of your skin? A characteristic like that isn’t even something you can control, so an insult of that nature can leave one furious and oppressed. Discrimination is inevitable in any culture, throughout history, in modern times, and even in ancient times. For example, the oppression and murder of 6 million Jewish people during the Holocaust, the African Slave Trade which occurred for multiple centuries, and more recently, the “ethnic cleansing” of Rohingya people in Myanmar, brought on by the government of the Asian nation, all of which are tragedies doomed to happen when history repeats itself and people do not learn
The story To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee portrays many different scenarios of racial discrimination. Discrimination occurs in the book and many people are affected by the racial slurs and other occurrences. In the story, Jean Louise “Scout” Finch, Atticus Finch, and Tom Robinson are all people that are discriminated against or are affected by discrimination. Racial discrimination is a major part of To Kill a Mockingbird.
Few people are the same as they are on the street in their homes. Few people can treat others equally; no matter what colour their skin is. Atticus Finch is one of those precious few. Racism in the town of Maycomb is nothing but disguised by the polite smiles and ladies missionary meetings; although it is the strongest belief that each person of the town holds apart from some such as Atticus. Racism is an issue of great importance, yet to the eye of a visitor waltzing through, it's just a slight whisk of air.
Southerners are known to be proud of their traditional beliefs. To Kill A Mockingbird allows its readers to question and consider those beliefs. Maycomb represents a typical old southern town. Not many people move into Maycomb and not many people who live there journey beyond its boundaries. As a result, the opinions held by many of the citizens of Maycomb are left to grow and foster in the same families for many generations. The circumstances in Maycomb are less than ideal for generating change and more prone to sustaining traditionally accepted codes. Two codes embedded within southern social beliefs are class and race.
This is relevant today because repeatedly we see black males and females never shown justice in court, as a source tells, “it explains to readers who don't understand why black people are afraid of the criminal justice system, because we have not gotten, historically, justice in that system. And Harper Lee was the first person to tell that to the largest group of Americans - 30 million strong, who've been her readers - in the most polite and quiet way that many of them were willing to listen to. " Why Does 'To Kill A Mockingbird' Still Have Such An Impact? To Kill a Mockingbird shows that even in the democratic society of the United States, there was discrimination and prejudice in the nineteen-thirties. Although this has been reduced there, in many other countries and regions these conditions still exist for minority groups.
Therefore, through the uses of character foil, characterization, and the theme of society in equality, Lee was able to accurately depict her view of the white society in Maycomb by the characters in this novel. The difference in level of politeness, occupation, and behaviors implies how people like the Finches are representing higher social class in Maycomb, because they do not prejudge people based on their skin color.
There were many different forms of discrimination in To Kill a Mockingbird.People were judged based on their race, social status, and even gender. There were many times where people was not treated like regular people . The book was set in the south during the early to mid 1930’s. Life for black people, women, and lower level people was clearly depicted as challenging & difficult.
Discrimination played a big role in the 1930s and throughout the development of the novel, and still is not completely diminished in the 21st century. Sexism, classicism, and racism all typified the many relationships in To Kill A Mockingbird, from Aunt Alexandra wanting Scout to become a lady, to Tom Robinson's unfair court trial. Prejudices are formed because of the level of ignorance people have when they believe everything they hear from their peers without bothering to be fertilized with education, leading to a division within communities, physically and mentally.
Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird expresses the ideology that the social standard of a particular individual, classifies their status in the world. Individuals placed in social classes are labeled to create a sense of social identity. The socio-economic class an individual is born into should not be the determining factor of how the individual is regarded and treated, however, their character and personality should be a primary factor in determining how they are thought of in society.
Police have been harassing and discriminating African Americans for many years and is one of the reasons why racism still exist in America today. One example of police racism that still exists today is the case of Michael Brown. In Ferguson, Missouri, a white police officer by the name of Darren Wilson shot and killed an unarmed black man by the name of Michael Brown. Darren Wilson was acquitted of any charges by a local jury and he had said in a interview on national television that he would do it again. All across America including Ferguson, African Americans and other people of color still face discrimination and are considered second- class citizens.