This is evidence that can be classified into two broad categories which is demonstrative evidence and substantive evidence, The demonstrative evidence in a trial is the evidence other than a testimony that is presented during the course of a civil or criminal trial the demonstrative evidence includes actual evidence examples include (set of bloody gloves from a murder scene and illustrative evidence photos and charts. In trial cases many attorneys view the presentation of the evidence as demonstrative. A common example of demonstrative evidence is a still photograph, photographs of plaintiffs bruises taken immediately after an accident, these pictures will be able to help jury understand and see what took place at trial even if the trial is months from that date the injuries actually happened on. In this case a photograph, which is to be considered as demonstrative evidence could possibly solve a case and answer lots of questions a jury might have also questions and concerns the jury might have of the victim. Also another example would be aerial photographs of the crime scene of a vehicular accident can show how a particular intersection is laid out and can make more clear an ambiguous description of a bind intersection given by a witness. …show more content…
Another prime example of demonstrative evidence are X-Rays and medical models and illustrations can be very helpful to a jury in a physical injury case, this example of demonstrative evidence can help any jury see inside the victim to understand the nature and extent of the injuries.
(Legal dictionary 2015) The most effective and most useful form of demonstrative evidence is graphs and charts. The tools can illustrate a loss of earrings a decrease in life expectancy and past future. Charts help jury understand evidence much better and show events in chronological order and fashion, this is so the evidence will be
organized. Fruit of the Poisonous Tree The fruit of the poisonous tree is a legal metaphor in the United States used to describe evidence that is obtained illegally The logic of the terminology is that if the source of the (tree doctrine) of the evidence itself is tainted then anything gained from it is tainted evidence as well. (Legaldictionary.com, 2015). The fruit of the poisonous tree is an extension to the exclusionary rule established in Silverthorne Lumber Co V. United States, 251 U.S. 385 (1920). The doctrine holds that evidence gathered with the assistance of illegally obtained information must be excluded from trial. The fruit of poisonous tree doctrine is subject to three exceptions; the evidence will not be excluded if it was discovered from a source independent of the illegal activity. In this case if the evidence discovery was inevitable or if there is attenuation between the illegal activity and the discovery of the evidenced this is due to the poisonous tree. (Fruit of poisonous tree, 2015). The Fruit of poisonous tree rule in statuary and or in court as its rule evokes more passion than rational if the fruits of an inadmissible confession are excluded “the impact on law enforcement will be in tact. Any evidence found by cops illegally during a search without a warrant is inadmissible in court due to the fruit of poisonous tree and violation within a persons fourth amendment rights. Also any statement or confessions to police during time of crime can be a violation of your rights the officer could be possibly make you make a statement or intimidate you by coercing out of you This comes from police illegality which is the seized object of statement something that an officer discovered as a result of the object or statement example of the latter of the fruit of poisonous tree doctrine. (nolo.com). (Fruit Of Poisonous Tree, 2015). Case In the case of Brewer v. Williams (United States Supreme Court 430 U.S. 387(1977) Williams was charged with abducing a ten year old girl in Davenport Iowa, while transporting Williams, officers were told not to question Williams on the transport, despite what was told of officers, questioning was done anyways, Williams did not want to speak with officers without attorney present, officers knew Williams was a religious former mental patient. Officers made up religious story to Williams in relation to were the girls body was hidden. After that was reported Williams made incriminating statements against himself stating were the girls body was hidden he was then tried for murder and convicted, Williams argued that incriminating statements were made in violation of the Sixth Amendment right to counsel. The conclusion of this case was that police violated defendant’s rights to counsel, which is a violation of the sixth amendment (sixth Amendment, 2015) and has never been advised to remain silent (Miranda v. United States) (Miranda Rights, 2015). Absent a clear showing that he explicitly, voluntary and knowingly relinquished that right. (Brewer v. Williams, 1977). This case was a violation of the fruit of poisonous tree and also the exclusionary rule, and the violation of Williams’s rights to counsel, which is stated in the United States Amendments, and rights in this case the sixth amendment was violated, so the evidence or incriminating speech would most likely be admissible in the court of law.
One of the most coveted trials in terms of popularity and media attention the O.J Simpson trial which took place between 1994 and concluded on October 2,1995 with O.J Simpson being acquitted of charges laid upon him during the Murder Trial Due to handling of physical evidence and questions over whether Mark Fuhrman planted the bloody glove at the scene to frame O.J. so in an attempt to understand how a deviation from standard operating procedures in the handling of physical evidence can affect the outcome of a criminal trial; One most first understand evidence and how to preserve it. When the crime scene technician took blood samples from Simpson’s Ford Bronco (1996) she used a cotton swab to take samples; but instead of using
Kassin, Saul, and Lawrence Wrightsman (Eds.). The Psychology of Evidence and Trial Procedure. Chapter 3. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1985. Print.
Forensic evidence is “evidence obtained by scientific methods …. and used in court.” Most evidence collected can be classified as either transient evidence or tangible evidence. Common types of transient evidence includes hair, fibers and glass, fingerprints, shoe prints, bare foot impressions and tire impressions, bodily fluids and skin cells, as well as gunshot residue. Some forms of tangible evidence would be firearms, fired and unfired bullets and cartridges, tool marks, drugs and drug paraphernalia, physical documents such as checks and receipts, and computers, cell phones and other devices.
If handled with care the evidence can be the best assistance to the crime investigator and can be used as a major proof in court. To improve the investigation any detective or expert has to admit the necessity of the non-movable items observation and processing apart from the regular movable evidence collection.
In arguments there are three major types of classifications, forensic, deliberative, and epideictic. An example of a forensic argument would be the article “The Assassination in Israel That Worked” by Roger Cohen for the New York Times. “Arguing For and Against Genetic Engineering” by Chris Seck for the Stanford Review, and “Crowd Fill Washington For Inauguration” by Carol Morello, Allison Klein, and Donna St. George for the Washington Post are great examples of deliberative and epideictic arguments, respectively. I will examine the article by Chris Seck, specifically for it’s qualifications of a deliberative argument.
Evidence can come in a variety of forms. It can come from data, information, our own observations and vital signs, as well as patient/family member concerns. In order to be considered evidence however, the information must meet several criteria. It must be objective in that it does not house our personal opinions, it must be relevant towards the situation at hand, and timely in that the information is not out of date. It must also be transparent in that everyone has access to view the information as well
...xpert witnesses. Interviews and statements can be used in court if they are documented properly. The expert witness is used to support the evidence that has been obtained. These three things can preserve the discovery and support the case in court.
The use of spectral evidence is currently illegal in court, in part because of the Salem Witch Trials and how a number of lives were wrongly lost based on flimsy, unverifiable evidence, or lack thereof. Although spectral evidence was used throughout the entire trails, it was challenged by Cotton Mather. He argued that it’s “dubious value,” was not suitable for the courtroom but nobody decided to listen to his thoughts until it was too late (Salem Witch Trials,
In the criminal justice system, the best chance of a fair trial and justice lies within cases that include physical evidence. Physical evidence, whether fibers, fingerprints, or DNA, can give a jury proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Physical evidence can convict a criminal, or it can free an innocent man. It can bring closure to families and to the law enforcement that work the cases. The following cases will show what physical evidence does in a criminal trial and the vast impact it can make. For each case I will examine how the physical evidence was important to the case and whether or not it could have made more of a difference if the presentation of the evidence were different. The five cases are: the Mosley case, the Warren case, the Chandler case, the Frediani case, and the Swift Case.
Believe it or not, wounds from a victim are also evidence. The wound can allow the investigators to match up any marks that could have been made from the weapon and therefore allows them to determine at what angle, distance, and how fast the weapon was used.
...atastrophe for the prosecution in the courtroom. Not only must they understand how to collect and analyze evidence, they must also know how to properly store, tag and account for all evidence in order to preserve the integrity of the evidence. Knowledge of how the defense will respond to presented evidence is also helpful in helping forensic experts explain their actions while conducting forensic testing.
In order to understand how to compile evidence for criminal cases, we must understand the most effective types of evidence. This topic is interesting because there are ample amounts of cases where defendants have gotten off because of the lack of forensic evidence. If we believe forensic evidence is so important and it affects our decisions, then maybe we need to be educated on the reality of forensic evidence. If we can be educated, then we may have a more successful justice system. If we have a more successful justice system than the public could gain more confidence that justice will be served. In order to do this, we must find what type of evidence is most effective, this can be done by examining different types of evidence.
Some important visual evidence for the jury to see would be a reenactment to see how the murder went down, pictures to show the aftermath, and some witnesses or previous victims to testify. The jury doesn’t need to see what they already know. For example, if the jury is aware that Jeffrey Wright was killed by being stabbed, showing them the murder weapon will not help them understand any more than they already do. The same can be said about the ties used to hold him down to the bed.
Physical evidence is any physical object that contains reliable information that supports a hypothesis about the incident. Digital evidence is physical or electronic information (such as a written or electronic documentation, computer log files, data, reports, physical hardware, software, disk images, objects and so on) are collected during the investigation conducted computer. Evidence includes, but is not limited to, computer files (such as log files or generated reports) and human-generated files (such as spreadsheets, documents, or eail
...ditional visits to the crime scene could cause a compromise if entered into evidence at trial.