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Racism in harper lees to kill a mockingbird
Racism in harper lees to kill a mockingbird
The racism in american history
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An unknown author once said, “The greatest obstacle to progress is prejudice.” Prejudice is an opinion or hatred toward a certain group of people with no real reason. That hatred can be because of race, gender, religion, sexuality, etc. Prejudice has existed since the beginning of time. Major examples of prejudice are illustrated in Sherman Alexie’s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian, Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, The Holocaust, and William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice.
In The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian, Arnold makes the decision to leave the reservation school and go to a white school. This is a huge decision because Arnold had to leave all of his friends at his school on the reservation to
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One big example was the prejudice shown against Tom Robinson. At the time that the story took place, prejudice against African Americans was extremely common, especially in the southern US states. So when Tom Robinson, an African American, was accused of raping a white woman, everyone knew that he would be found guilty, whether he commited the crime or not. Throughout Tom’s trial, it became quite clear that Tom Robinson did not really commit the crime he was accused of. Jem and Scout both knew this, but they were too young to understand the ideas of prejudice. In the book, Jem says about Judge Taylor “‘He’s not supposed to lean, Reverend, but don’t fret, we’ve won it.’” (Lee, 211) This shows that Jem didn’t have any prejudice toward Tom Robinson because of his race. He was certain that the jury would declare him innocent because as far as he knew, trials were always fair, no matter who it was that was being accused. He didn’t understand that other people were too prejudiced to declare a black man innocent. But Reverend Sykes understood the ideas of prejudice. He told Jem “‘Now don’t be so confident, Mr. Jem, I ain’t ever seen any jury decide in favor of a colored man over a white man…’” (Lee, 211) When he says this, the reader understands that the jury is not going to decide in favor of Tom Robinson. Jem and Scout both know that it’s completely unfair to send an innocent man to prison only because of the color of his skin, but unfortunately they knew that there was nothing they could do to stop the prejudice that took place in
Therefore the colour of Tom Robinson’s skin was the defining factor in the jury’s decision. Since the jury declared Tom Robinson guilty, that reveals his fate of going to jail and eventually being killed which is obviously an injustice based on the discrimination against him.
Also Jem was affected negatively by racism by a loss of his innocence. Jem states while he walks out of the courtroom “ It ain't right Atticus”(Lee 285). Jem now knows that Tom should have won but he didn’t just because he is a black man facing a white woman. When Jem angrily said, “ I never wanna hear about that court case again, ever, ever you hear me?”(Lee 331). This quote proves that Jem has lost his innocence because he knows that Tom Robinson should have had a fair trial but he didn't so he doesn't want to hear about it.
The trial of Tom Robinson v. Mayella Ewell, the evidence is pointing towards innocence, but the jury is made up of white men in the south, and the verdict is guilty. The case in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee shows how Atticus tells the readers how narrow-minded people can be towards other races.
In his introduction, Atticus cautions the jury to be objective in their verdict, reminding them the doctrine of presumed innocence. He explains, “Gentlemen, I shall be brief, but I would like to use my remaining time with you to remind you that this case is not a difficult one, it requires no minute sifting of complicated facts, but it does require you to be sure beyond reasonable doubt as to the guilt of the defendant.” His use of the word “but” is cautionary, warning the jurors that there is no place for personal bias in the court and highlighting their legal obligation. Additionally, he employs an impassioned voice in his emotional appeal, drawing attention to the ethical question of the trial. When he states, “This case is as simple as black and white,” he acknowledges the ideological nature of it, expressing distaste for the racial prejudice that brought Tom Robinson under the court’s gaze.
.guilty. . .guilty. . .guilty. . .” (211). By using only four guilty’s, Lee is able to demonstrate that the word of two white people has a greater effect than that of an African American even though the man who was put up for his life had not harmed, nor had he ever damaged anything he came into contact with.
Jem expects that Tom Robinson will be declared ‘innocent’, but Atticus doesn’t want to be too optimistic.
By writing this event into the story, Harper Lee shows how racial discrimination can affect anyone of any race. “The society that imprisons Tom Robinson is the same one that imprisons Scout…” (Durst Johnson 301). Although their reasons for being confined are different, the same society caused it.
Jem knew from the start that Tom Robinson had no chance in winning a case against the Ewells. However, he deluded himself into thinking that that maybe the jury will be accepting and open-minded in that one case. Of course, that’s not what happened in the end; Tom Robinson is found guilty, causing Jem to question whether or not Maycomb is really the same as he remembered it from his childhood. This change in Jem especially shows when Scout comes to ask him about Hitler’s hatred towards all Jewish people during the Holocaust; Scout ends up comparing what her teacher said in class versus what that same teacher said outside the courthouse after the trial, and Jem was instantly reminded of the verdict:
Atticus shows great compassion and tolerance when he stands up for the Negroes. He stands up and represents Tom Robinson because he believes that everyone should be treated equally in the court of law. He knows that because Tom was a Negro there would be a slim chance of winning. That fact never discouraged him though because he says that the main reason he is representing Tom is because, ' if I didn't I couldn't hold up my head in town, I couldn't represent this county in the legislature'; (75). He recited a speech, which clearly states that Tom Robinson is not guilty. In that speech he says, 'our courts have their faults, as does any human institution, but in this courts are the great levelers, and in our courts all men are created equal'; (205). He believed that prejudice and stereotyping is wrong and he tries to teach these morals to Scout and Jem.
Tom Robinson is at the stand being questioned by Mr. Gilmer. Dill starts to feel sick because of how Mr. Gilmer is treating Tom. The narrator explains, “Well, Dill,after all he is just a negro” (Lee 266).This piece of evidence shows that prejudice is used as an antagonist in the novel by giving an unfair trial to Tom Robinson. The quote states “he is just a negro,” which shows that the trial is unfair just because of the towns racial views on people of color. The jury is all white and the case is black versus white. The jury is very biased towards the case. The prosecuting lawyers and defending lawyer are giving their closing statements. Atticus ends with a powerful speech that prove Tom is innocent and his views on race. The jury thinks over all the evidence for a long time and come to a verdict. The author of To Kill A Mockingbird quotes, “Guilty...Guilty...Guilty...Guilty…” (Lee 282). This quote shows the jury is very prejudice. There is more than enough evidence to prove Tom did not rape Mayella and that Bob Ewell beat her. Even though there is enough evidence to proves Tom’s innocence the jury’s verdict is guilty just because of their hate and their prejudice towards African Americans. Ultimately, prejudice is being used as an antagonist is very thoroughly shown throughout the entirety of the
Tom Robinson’s trial, and in fact his entire life, was badly affected by racism. It is truly a testament to the corruption of society when a person who has earned a bad reputation is held in higher esteem than a person who was born with it, as is the case with Bob Ewell and Tom Robinson. Even though Tom was obviously honest in his testament, the jury sided with Bob Ewell because he was white. They made this decision despite the fact that the Ewell family was widely known to be a worthless part of society. Jem, not being racially prejudiced, could not understand this mentality. As Atticus pointed out, “If you (Jem) had been on the jury, son, and eleven other boys like you, Tom would be a free man.”
The story To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee portrays many different scenarios of racial discrimination. Discrimination occurs in the book and many people are affected by the racial slurs and other occurrences. In the story, Jean Louise “Scout” Finch, Atticus Finch, and Tom Robinson are all people that are discriminated against or are affected by discrimination. Racial discrimination is a major part of To Kill a Mockingbird.
To Kill a Mockingbird: Race Relations Racism is a problem that has been around for multiple centuries. In To Kill a Mockingbird, it demonstrates how racism can affect one person even in the court of law. In this story, the case of Tom Robinson is told. It is obvious that Robinson is a victim of racist people that see him guilty only because of his race, African American. From the beginning, it seems obvious that Robinson does not have a chance of winning his case, whether he is guilty or not.
Tom was accused of rapping a white women, but he was innocent. “Tom was a dead man the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed (Lee 241).” Jem knew just as well as anyone that Tom never rapped Mayella Ewell, but because she was white and Tom was black he was guilty from the minute he was accused. Mayella admitted in court that Tom never touched her or beat her but her father and sheriff Heck Tate testified that Tom did in fact rape her. Mayella knew that by accusing Tom of rape he would be killed for a crime he never even committed.
The jury couldn’t possibly be expected to take Tom Robinson's word against the Ewells'?" Says Mr. Underwood as he talks to Scout and Jem about the court case. This quote indicates that they know Tom Robinson is innocent - however he can never win against a white mans word. Racism comes in a package with segregation , with these two combines humans’ moral compasses are