Mechanical Motion Linear Motion Linear motion is motion in a straight line. [1] Steady linear motion is known as velocity which also can be defined as uniform motion in a straight line. As an example, cutting arm of a paper guillotine (Figure 1) is travelling in straight line from one side of the machine to the other. Figure 1: Example of linear motion Rotary Motion Rotary motion is motion that moves in a circle. [2] This type of motion was one of the first motions discovered in ancient times. This motion can use wind turbine (Figure 2) as an example. The blades of a wind turbine are moving in circle. The number of complete rotations made per minute (rpm) is called rotary velocity. [1] Figure 2: Example of rotary motion Force Force is an influence which tends to change the motion of an object such as force to move a resting object to accelerate. In mechanics, forces can see as the causes of linear motion. [3] The action of forces causing motion is described in Newton’s Laws. The SI unit for force is the Newton and represents as F. Torque …show more content…
[4] Mathematically, torque can be defined as the cross product of the distance vector; r and the force vector, ‘θ’ being the angle between r and F. (refer Figure 3) Torque is defined as = r F sin (θ). Figure 3: Definition of torque Using the right hand rule (Figure 4), one can find the direction of the torque vector. Put fingers in the direction of r, and curl them to the direction of F, then the thumb points to the direction of the torque vector. [4] Figure 4: Right hand rule for torque [5] Speed Mechanical speed is the speed of the rotor measured in rpm or 1/s. [6] The mechanical speed can be calculated as the electrical frequency, f divided by the number of pole pairs,
Torque is another key ingredient to a good power hitter, or even a good hitter. Torque is the result of two forces being applied to an object in opposite directions. In this case the two forces are being applied from the hands and wrists onto the bat. As you start your swing, instead of moving your hands directly at the ball, you want your hands to start a rotation. The top hand begins to move backwards while the lead arm drives the end of the bat towards the ball. The torque invloved is created around the point of the bat that lies between your hands. This torque greatly accelerates the head of the bat which will have act with a greater force when (or if ) it comes into contact with the ball.
Gears are one of the oldest equipment known to mankind. They can be traced back to The Chinese South-Pointing Chariot in the 27th century B.C created by Ma Jun a mechanical engineer. The earliest explanation of gears was that the “direction of rotation is reversed when one gear wheel drives another gear wheel”- Aristotle in the 4th century. As well as Greek engineers used gears in clocks and water wheels. (2010 Ronson Gears)Early gears were made from wood, they were used in wind to decrease and increase the rotational speed .Gear manufacturing and design rapidly developed through the nineteenth century.( 2014 eFunda, Inc.)
Newton's Laws can be found in the textbook, Physics for Scientists and Engineers by Serway.
Now To talk about the forces that allow the car to move. There are two main aerodynamic forces acting on any object moving through the air. Lift is a force that acts 90° to the direction of travel of an object. Usually we think of lift when we think of an airplane. The plane travels forward (horizontally), and lift acts 90° to that motion of travel –
According to Neumann, a force can be considered a push or pull that can produce, arrest or modify movement and can be measured as F=ma (Neumann, 2010). Force can also be considered the load. In regards to muscle contraction force relative to the joint, the force can be the internal force produced by the muscle itself, the force of gravity or the force of the particular load/weight. Torque is a cross product between force and the distance of the force from the fulcrum and is the ability of a force to cause rotation on a lever. Torque is a measure of how much a force acting on an
In the first Unit of class we talked about motion in one dimension, but in this unit we talked about motion two dimensional. One example of a two dimensional motion is projectile motion. Projectile motion is when an object has an initial force that is applied to it to begin its motion. After the object starts its motion there is no longer a force that is being applied. At this point in time The only two forces that are acting on the object the first one and that largest one is gravity. The second force is normally neglected, when doing a projectile calculation. This small force is air resistance and causes the object
Here θ is the angle between the “tails” of the force and the differential displacement. The integration must account for the variation of the force’s direction and magnitude.
In short brakes are a tool that turn kinetic energy into heat(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brakes). This is accomplished by applying friction in one way or another. In the case of disk brakes friction is created because the braking mechanism exerts a force on the break pads which pushes them into contact with disk. It is this contact combined with the fact that the disks are rotating that causes kinetic energy to be converted to heat.
slope. I think that out of all the variables, this is the one which is
The rotational kinetic energy is the kinetic energy due to the rotation of an object. To calculate rotational kinetic energy, multiply an object’s moment of inertia by its angular velocity squared divided by two. The moment of inertia of an object is its resistance to a change in its angular rotation velocity. The angular velocity of an object is the rate of change of angular position of a rotating object. Objects that roll without slipping have part of their energy as translational kinetic and the rest as rotational kinetic. The ratio depends on the moment of inertia of the object that 's rolling (“Rotational Kinetic Energy: Work, Energy, and Power”,
Weight is one of the opposing forces to lift. From Newton's second law, the weight of an object is the magnitude of the force of gravity on that object.
Chapter 14 obtain the principle of work and energy by combined the equation of motion in the tangential direction, ƩFt = mat with kinematics equation at ds = v dv. For application, the free body diagram of the particle should be drawn in order to identify the forces that do work. However, Chapter 18 use kinetic energy that the sum of both its rotational and translational kinetic energy and work done by all external forces and couple moments acting on the body as the body moves from its initial to its final position. For application of Chapter 18, a free-body diagram should be drawn in order to account for the work of all of the forces and couple moments that act on the body as it moves along the
According to Newton’s Second Law of Motion, the vector sum of the total forces in a system is equal to the product of the mass (m) and acceleration ( a ) of the system.
... resultant speed and, by the definition of the tangent, to determine the angle of which the object is launched into the air.