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Sexual harassment within the workplace
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Sexual harassment and rape cases are often difficult for victims and their lawyers. The difficulty lies in the trauma the victim has to face every single day and the lack of time the lawyer has to gather information. In the Ewanchuk case, there are many ideologies about women that are reinforced by the court system by having many preconceived notions of women. The case was seen as a sexual act when it should of have been treated like a criminal act. Cases involving sexual assault/harassment play a big role in demonstrating how the court system dehumanizes women, the Ewanchuk being one of them. Rape myths associated with the Ewanchuk case and Canadian society play a huge role and are significant in the decision of the case. There are several advantages and limitations of litigation on how sexual …show more content…
The accused then touched her on multiple incidents which kept getting more intimate each time despite her saying no each time, the complainant only listened to the accused out of fear. The trial judge decided that the accused was not guilty on the basis of that implied consent was given. What is being debated here is if the trial judge misunderstood the meaning of consent with sexual assault and if the conclusion of the defense of implied consent is real in Canadian law and the extent of morality involved overall. The Alberta Court of Appeals decided on a dismissal of the appeal on the basis that it was a fact-driven 10 acquittal from which the Crown could not properly appeal. McClung J.A. concluded that the Crown had failed to prove that the accused had the criminal intent with his actions and had failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused had intended to commit an assault upon the complainant.The SCC’s decision was
55), but this was taking away from Gladue not only by Barton, but also through the courts, as the case was acquitted. The constitution act also states in section fifteen subsection one that “Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination and, in particular, without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age or mental or physical disabilities” (Canada, Last revised 2016, p. 56); however, we notice that this case was acquitted was it because Gladue was of aboriginal descent or she worked as a prostitute or that she was simply just a women who has no power? As this leads us to assume such injustice were present in this court case, because if there was three other reported cases in Canada over a twenty year span where victims succumbed to their injuries resulted from rough sex, and those cases all defendants were convicted with murder charges, why was Barton’s case
v. Ewanchuck case occurred on June 2, 1994 and was about a seventeen year old woman being sexually assaulted when she was being interviewed for a job. While waking in a shopping mall parking lot, a young female and her were friend were approached from a man who needed some workers to help with his wood-working business. After the lady agreeing, Ewanchuck brought the lady into his van in which she was sexually assaulted several times. Ewanchuck did not take no for an answer, and kept proceeding after she kept saying no. Ewanchuck 's defence to this was that it was implied consent in which was he was acquitted by John Mcclung who was his lawyer. This case started a heated discussion with John McClung and Claire L 'Heureux- Dube, who were the lawyers presented in the case. John Mcclung brought a negative attitude towards the case, attacking the victim’s character. McClung stated "Ewanchuck’s behavior was less criminal than hormonal" (R. V Ewanchuck 214). The Supreme Court of Canada later reversed the decision of acquitting the case and made a conviction stating that “no means no”. With implied consent being the main theme in this case, it brought up precedent for future cases. This case was seen as a basis for how rape myths are discovered and how stereotyping falls into play when it comes to the Canadian law.
In an express recognition that every sexual harassment case is likely to be profoundly circumstance-driven, Mansfield J appropriately focused on assessing the credibility of the witness, whether the alleged event did in fact occur, and whether it occurred in the way which she alleged it occurred, with a range of evidence before him. Some of the alleged conducts were directly denied: with regard to an April 2005 allegation concerning A Hickinbotham, after assessing the ‘reasonable’ time period in which the incident should have been reported given the surrounding circumstances (e.g. Poniatowska’s position at work), the judge rejected her claim on ground of the significant delay in reporting the incident. Reasonableness was again considered in dealing with a September 2005 allegation concernin...
In Canadian law it is identified in the background of other defenses, conveying BWS into the courts engages the exploit of well-prepared evidence. It has become apparent formerly that women have been treated in a stereotypical manner by the Canadian courts. Their incidents and requirements were not completely considered. Prior to the 1990 law modifications, there was a gendered structure of the self-defense doctrine that assessed females alongside a male standard of reasonableness. This setback was projected to be put to the end with the Supreme Court verdict in R.V Lavallee . With all these changes, particularly Lavallee, the justice system was effective in becoming additionally understanding to t...
Martin, Sheilah L. "R. V. Morgentaler Et Al." Canadian Journal Of Women & The Law 1.1 (1985): 194-205. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 Nov. 2013.
David Milgaard’s story is one of the most striking and well know representation of wrongful conviction as it happened right here in Saskatoon. Even further than that his case has been called “one of the most famous examples of wrongful conviction in Canada” (CBC News, 2011). In January of 1970, 17-year-old ...
The criminal justice system is dynamic and has changed rapidly since the works of Cesare Beccaria and Cesare Lombroso during Enlightenment Period and this reflects in the issue of intersectionality with the changing approaches taken towards concepts of gender, race and class. Sexual assault will be a predominate study used throughout the essay to examine the different approaches and issues between traditional and non-traditional justices. This essay will first establish where are these intersectionalities found in terms of sexual assault cases and the challenges victims face in the legal process with traditional approaches then followed by a comparison to the transition towards non-traditional alternative justice system has responded with a deeper insight into restorative justices and its effects on resolving these challenges. The role of alternative justice and the key challenges in disproportionate crimes are also important aspects of intersectionality in Australia as they aim to resolve challenges women and the mentally disabled encounter during processing through court in the criminal justice system.
Another major issue within the boundaries of sexual assault is that it holds one of the lowest prosecution rates with only 1 in 10 incidents able to prosecute the offender as guilty (Fitzgerald 2006, Pg. 1). The adage of the adage. The abundance of statistics and reports conducted all imply that sexual assault is still a predominate issue of crime within Australia.... ... middle of paper ...
For instance, Joanna Espinosa filed a sexual harassment against her former boyfriend at the University of Texas – Pan America. When they paid her no mind, she...
Maidment, M. (2009). When justice is a game: Unravelling wrongful convictions in Canada. Canada: Fernwood Publishing.
Sexual assault (the term, rape, is no longer used in Canadian criminal law) is an act of violence that is a criminal offence under the federal Criminal Code of Canada. The Criminal Code is constantly being amended by the federal Canadian Parliament, as well as interpreted by court cases. A victim of a sexual assault (sexualized violence) may also bring a private action called a civil suit, suing the person who assaulted her or him for money damages. This cause of action is distinguishable from a criminal action, which is defined by a different body of law, has a different burden of proof, and has different results. Civil suits are generally defined by court cases, rather than by treatment of law, as is criminal justice.
It is not a topic that is brought up often, especially at schools or at gatherings, yet it is crucial that everyone be educated, or at least informed on a topic that affects women every day. “Given that sexual violence continues to occur at high rates in the United States, it is vital that we understand attitudes and cultural norms that serve to minimize or foster tolerance of sexual violence” (Aosved, 481). Growing rates of sexual violence goes to prove that it is not taken seriously by many, especially when myths excuse the actions of the perpetrator and instead guilt victims into thinking they are responsible for the horrible act. Burt (1980), in her article titled, “Cultural myths and support for rape” attempts to make sense of the importance of stereotypes and myths, defined as prejudicial, stereotypes, or false beliefs about rape, rape victims and rapists- in creating a climate hostile to rape victims (Burt, 217). Examples of rape myths are such sayings as “only bad girls get raped”; “women ask for it”; “women cry rape” (Burt, 217). This only goes to prove that rape myths against women always blame and make it seem like it is the women’s fault she was raped and that she deserved it for “acting” a certain way. McMahon (2007), in her article titled, “Understanding community-specific rape myths” explains how Lonsway and Fitzgerald (1994) later described rape myths as “attitudes and beliefs that are generally
Many of the attitudes, beliefs, and mistaken ideas about rape have been with us for centuries. By looking at myths, such as “women ask for it,” and “it would do some women good to get raped,” from a historical perspective, lead us for better understanding how they evolved. Women are still seen as the property of men, are protected as such. Men and women are still taught to occupy very different roles in today’s world. Men are usually more aggressive, and women are seen as passive. (Vogelman) This socialization process is changing, but slowly.
Many of the attitudes, beliefs, and mistaken ideas about rape have been with us for centuries. By looking at myths, such as “women ask for it,” and “women secretly enjoy rape,” from a historical perspective, can lead us for better understanding how they evolved. Much stems back to the idea that women are still seen as the property of men, and are protected as such. Men and women are still taught to occupy very different roles in today’s world. Men a...
“Rape and Sexual Violence Are Serious Problems.” Opposing Viewpoints in Context. 2008. Web. 24 Jan. 2014.