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Human sexuality studies
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Recommended: Human sexuality studies
The Evolution of Sexuality
Introduction
Sexuality is a part of every human being’s natural make-up, and in recent years there has been a great deal of research and a corresponding increase in scientific understanding of what sexuality is, how it has been perceived in history contrasted to the 21 st century, and if there has been a progression through architecture and designs to be more gender neutral. The topic presented is whether or not sexuality’s history has progressed towards a more unified and less oppressive standpoint and had architecture and various designs kept up with the changes in accommodation and become less oppressive regarding modern designing. There has been a myriad of social movements throughout the last few decades, and
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It provides a link between scholarly articles that have explored how dissidents of sexuality used their position in society to fight gender inequality and discrimination in the society as well as promote the ideals of feminism. Through times, women have been significant figures in society and have been at the forefront of unsanctioned wars in challenging gender stereotypes, such as outmoded norms that discriminated against women in places of work, and obsolete edicts that merely define them by their sexuality. Women have been in the struggle to define their role and “place” in their societies (Bell, 1982). Existing literature by other authors will be deployed to illustrate how dissident sexuality and figures in design have challenged such …show more content…
During this time, numerous non-heterosexual women seemed to have been happy to identify themselves as modern artists or designers as a participation model in cultural and artistic modernity. From her story explaining how Eileen Gray designed an aesthetic house that garnered her sexually inclined criticism from Le Corbusier (Rault, 2010), she helps us question how it was even possible for a house to communicate gayness at a time when same-sex desires were not sure ways for indicating an identity. These special constraints give a glimpse into the revolution of what is meant to be a homosexual and the kind of experience such women went through to bear the acceptance that they were sexually different at the time when holding such a standpoint was queer. Eventually much has been done to change the oppression and perception of various sexualities regarding designs and infrastructure. By using the readings and giving examples from Le Corbusier, I will present arguments that prove that “standardization is imposed by the law of selection and is an economic and social necessity”( Bell, 1982) - by gaining more standard codes to buildings or designs directed to influence or categorize genders or
In Making Sex by Thomas Laqueur, the author analysis sexual differences throughout the 18th century reviewing physicians, scientist, biologist and how society understood the anatomy and physiology of the human body. Laqueur brig us two sex models; the one-sex model and the two-sex model. He explains who we transition from the one-sex model to the two-sex model. How this two models had impacted our society and created an impact in history had it to do with the fact that a lot of evidence was drawn from science. Laqueur also explains how society constructed sex. He takes this investigation in very detail as he explains and investigates sexual differences.
Upon reading the article “Daring to Be Different: A Look at Three Lesbian Artists” by Laurel Lampel, the author’s main purpose is to discuss that unlike other female historical artists during the mid-19th century there were three artists whom dress and lived as lesbians, changing the norm of gender roles, and presented themselves differently to society (Lampel, 2). In addition to those experiences, it created a major impact for the artists’ new perceptions towards art history and art education (Lampel, 2). Those three artists were Bonheur, Brooks, and Gluck. The key question the author is addressing is her argument stating that from a passage in Deuteronomy, both genders are not allowed to wear each other’s clothing and in the mid-19th century
At the time, the world was associating both males and females as separate sexes. De Beauvoir pioneered that someone’s sex was just a biological fact, but one’s gender identity is socially contstructed. De Beauvoir believed that if for a woman’s whole life she were told that she must be a certain way to be a woman it would ultimately affect her sense of freedom. Because of this she fought to destroy the social perceptions of a patriarchal society to promote the rights and freedoms of both genders. In Australia, Germaine Greer was the leader of the second-wave of feminism. Her publication, ‘The Female Eunuch,’ (1970) was an international best seller that resulted in her widespread popularity as a figure for the women’s movement. In the book, Greer states that for women’s liberation to occur women must have sexual liberation. Like de Beauvoir, Greer believed that psychological and social differences between men and women are the result of the way society is run. The books central theme is that the traditional nuclear family expresses women sexually and that this debilitates them, rendering them ‘eunuchs.’ A eunuch traditionally refers to a man who has been castrated to deprive them of influence and importance.
The sexual revolution happened during the 1960’s and although I’m sure that close to none of us have heard of it, it was a huge impact on American history and is the reason why our society is the way it is now. It happened at least 55 years ago but the outcome of it can be seen in many of our cultures today; it changed the way we see, express, and think about sexuality. During the 1960’s, John F. Kennedy became president of the United States (and was also assassinated years later), there was a fight for civil rights; the sexual revolution wasn’t as quickly noticed as the other historical moments but was still just as important.
However, Frye redefines this term as “a female who is sexually and hence socially her own person” (Frye 133). Frye makes the argument that only women who are willful-virgins can enact any change to destroy the the paradox of feminist speech because they have consciously made the decision to reject the institution that promote heterosexual hierarchy. Only women who decide not to be penetrated, so to speak, by the social norms that constructed the individual that Scott describes can actually challenge or destroy the barriers that stop women from entering the public
Unlike sex, the history of sexuality is dependant upon society and limited by its language in order to be defined and understood.
However, the stigma of openly sexual women was not eliminated therefore marking down women's sexual freedom because of the stigma they carry in society.In conclusion, chapter by chapter hooks highlights how feminist theory repeatedly excluded non-white and working class women by ignoring white supremacy as a racial problem and by disregarding the highly psychological impact of class in their political and social status all while, in the case of black women, facing three classes of oppression in a racist, sexist and capitalist state. Throughout the book the author defines feminism, the meaning of sisterhood, what feminism is to men in addition to brushing upon power, work, violence and education. Although I found some elements of this book problematic hooks' critiques of feminist theory and the movement are well-presented, piercingly direct and remain relevant.
The sexualization of women in the 21st century has led many to wonder whether or not the feminist movement actually resulted in more harm than good. Although the progress and reform that came out of the feminist movement is indisputable, things such as equal rights under the law, equal status and equal pay, the reality is that the subjugation of female roles in society still exist, and the most surprising part about this is that now women are just as much as at fault for this as men are. Ariel Levy defines female chauvinist pigs as “women who make sex objects of other women and of ourselves” (Levy 11). This raunch culture is mistakenly assumed to be empowering and even liberating to women when it is in fact degrading and corrupting to the modern feminist movement and makes it more difficult for women to be taken seriously in society. The shift in the nature of the feminist movement is in Levy’s opinion attributed to by the massive industry now profiting off of the sexualization of women, the reverse mindset now adopted by post-feminists and women in power roles in our society, and ultimately the women who further their own objectification as sex objects and thus, so by association, deem themselves lesser than man.
What is within the boundaries of the feminine is always considered to have less status and power and is always subordinate and marginal—women always remain ‘other’. I perceive feminism as a part of the process of challenging the boundaries of the socially constructed role for women in our society—a process which through struggle will create for women a different notion of the normal and natural and a different tradition of being female. (Goodman, Harrop 4)
Arianna Stassinopoulos wrote in the 1973 book The Female Woman: "It would be futile to attempt to fit women into a masculine pattern of attitudes, skills and abilities and disastrous to force them to suppress their specifically female characteristics and abilities by keeping up the pretense that there are no differences between the sexes" (Microsoft Bookshelf). In her statement we see a cultural feminist response to the dominant liberal feminism of the 1970s.
Somerville, Siobhan. "Scientific Racism and the Invention of the Homosexual Body." Gender, Sex, and Sexuality. New York: Oxford University, 2009. 284-99. Print.
... decades ago. This book is one that will allow the reader to view many aspects of sexuality from a social standpoint, and apply it to certain social attitudes in our society today, these attitudes can range from the acceptance of lesbian and gays, and the common sight of sex before marriage and women equality. The new era of sexuality has taken a definite "transformation" as Giddens puts it, and as a society we are living in the world of change in which we must adapt, by accepting our society as a changing society, and not be naive and think all the rules of sexuality from our parents time our still in existence now.
In just a few decades The Women’s Liberation Movement has changed typical gender roles that once were never challenged or questioned. As women, those of us who identified as feminist have rebelled against the status quo and redefined what it means to be a strong and powerful woman. But at...
At the end of the 19th and start of the 20th centuries, a series of events occurred that would be known as the feminist movement. During this time, many women were starting to change the way they thought of themselves and wanted to change their social roles. In his views on feminist analysis Donald Hall says, “Feminist methodologies focus on gender.and explore the complex ways in which women have been denied social power and the right to various forms of self-expression. In this context the many perspectives that fall under the heading ‘feminism’ vary wildly”(Hall 199). Since women were denied social power and self-expression, they went against what society saw as acceptable, a patriarchal world.
One of my favorite facets regarding philosophy is that, as time passes, all of these pressing matters remain relevant to no less than ponder over. In my social work classes, I’m recommended to be reluctant toward using older articles as resources because social norms progress more quickly in the modern world. In the introduction of Simone de Beauvoir’s novel The Second Sex, titled “Woman as Other,” de Beauvoir addresses feminism in an atypical manner for being written in 1952. Previously, the main goal of the women’s revolution was to obtain the right to vote. Following de Beauvoir’s novel, these goals advanced into workplace equality, sexual orientation and women’s roles in the home.