TOPIC: Ethiopia
Introduction paragraphs
The history of Ethiopia’s development.
Ethiopia brief history in the colonial era.
Body paragraphs
1. First paragraph
Economic development since 2000 till present and agriculture as the major contributor
Growth theory,
Examples of theories and strategies; growth model, structural model
2. Next paragraph
Factors that affect development as a general process in Ethiopia, Strategies implemented by the government and policies on the economic development and economic growth challenges.
Examples of the Ethiopian government policies and strategies use thus far to boost the local economy.
3. Next paragraph
Successes and failures of economic strategies implemented by the government o Ethiopia
Conclusion
Recap on the discussion, highlight the important factors discussed and summaries the papers and what was the aim of the paper.
Introduction
Ethiopia an African country officially known as the Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, and famously know as one of the oldest location of human life to scientists. Ethiopia is located in the horn of Africa (east of Africa). It is argued that Ethiopia was the only African country to defeat a European colonial power and retain its sovereignty as an independent country. It is argued that Ethiopia was conquered by Italy in 1935 and regained its independence in 1941 on the 5th of May and the ruler of that era was Halie Selassi. Ethiopia’s major economic contributor is the agriculture sector with a 46% of gross domestic product and a labour force of 85% by agriculture (Ethiopia’s gross domestic product by sector). Ethiopia is a federal republic state this means that there is no monarch and that the state exercise democra...
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References
Global Green Growth Institute (2011), Green Growth in Ethiopia: Project report, Global Green Growth Institute, Seoul
Menyah, K, & Wolde-Rufael, Y 2013, 'GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE ETHIOPIAN EXPERIENCE, 1950-2007', Journal Of Developing Areas, 47, 1, pp. 263-280, Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 24 March2014.
Martins, P. M.G. 2007, “The impact of external aid on government spending, revenue and domestic borrowing in Ethiopia”, International Poverty Centre Working Paper no. 41.
White, P 2005, 'War and Food Security in Eritrea and Ethiopia, 1998–2000', Disasters, 29, pp. 92-113, Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 25 March 2014.
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/Resources/335807-1330620492317/8478371-1330712171692/Module5-IAP4.pdf
http://www.ethiopians.com/Ethiopia_GTP_2015.pdf
Also, Ethiopian Culture and North American do not meet in any way and when it comes to language and alphabet, they are like heaven and earth. Ethiopia is located in the Eastern part of Africa. To be exact, it is located in the horn of Africa. It is one of the most known countries for its unique heritage, buildings, and religion. It has mainly two seasons, which is the winter and summer.
Ethiopia is one of the most unique among African countries for maintaining its freedom from colonial rule, with the short exception of an occupation by the Italians from 1936-1941. A socialist state was established in 1974 with the overthrow of Emperor Selassie, who had been in control since 1930. A junta or group of military officers called the Derg was responsible for the coup. Yet, this corrupt administration has lead only to warfare and wide scale public suffering. In 1991, the junta was finally brought down by a combination of revolutionary forces who called themselves the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front. In 1994, a constitution was drafted and 1995 marked Ethiopia’s first multiparty elections. Recently, a boarder feud with Eritrea, that lasted over 2 years, was ended in December of 2000; yet recent objections by Ethiopia have delayed a final declaration of border.
There have been many famines that have greatly impacted Ethiopia. One of the famine that is very famous in Ethiopian history and World history is known as the Great Famine. Due to the lack of the support of the government and other organizations, about one million people died of starvation. The conditions of Ethiopia in the beginning of 1984 were not well. “The Ethiopian government predicted that the agricultural yield of the nation was going to be considerably lower in at the beginning of 1984 because there had been less rainfall than expected. However, preventive measures were not taken by either the government or the rest of the world to prevent the mass starva...
Ethiopia’s infant mortality rate is 59 deaths per 1000 births, while the overall under-five mortality rate is 67%. It is reported that 350 mothers out of 100,000 live births were found dead and that the fertility rate is 4 children per woman. They especially suffer from malnutrition because of the droughts that persist most of the year, leaving families without food or proper water. Drought also leaves them impoverished because they are not able to grow and sell food, which leads to a number of problems, including not being able to afford health services.
Liberia owes its establishment to the American Colonization Society; founded in 1816 to resettle freed American slaves in Africa. An attempt at colonization in Sierra Leone had failed in 1815. Six years later native rulers granted a tract of land on Cape Mesurado, at the mouth of the Saint Paul River, to U.S. representatives, and the first Americo-Liberians, led by Jehudi Ashmun, began the settlement. In 1824 an American agent for the society, Ralph Randolph Gurley, named the new colony Liberia and the Cape Mesurado settlement Monrovia. Other separate settlements were established along the coast during the next 20 years. Soon, however, conflicts arose between the settlers and the society in the United States. By the time Joseph Jenkins Roberts became the first black governor in 1841, the decision had been made to give the colonists almost full control of the government. A constitution modeled on that of the United States was drawn up, and Liberia became an independent republic in July 1847. Roberts was its first president, serving until 1856. Liberia was recognized by Britain in 1848, by France in 1852 and by the United States in 1862. The Americo-Liberian communities eked out a precarious existence during the 19th century. Claims over i nterior territory were disputed not only by the indigenous Mandinka (also known as Mandingo or Malinke), Kru, and Gola peoples, but also by European states that did not recognize Liberian jurisdiction over the interior. U.S. support led to a series of agreements with Britain and France between 1892 and 1911, which marked the present boundaries. (Liberian control over the interior peoples, however, was not completely assured until the 1940s.) Loans from Britain and the United States partially eased the country's financial difficulties. Liberia declared war on Germany on August 14, 1917, which gave the Allies an additional base in West Africa during World War I (1914-1918). In 1926 the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company opened a rubber plantation on 400,000 hectares (1 million acres) of land granted by the Liberian government the year before. Rubber production became the mainstay of the nation's economy.
Ethiopia is called a third world country because of its poverty rate. The economy relies on agriculture which makes up 45% of the gross domestic product (GDP) and 85% of their employment. Farmers deal with repeated droughts that affect their farming. Coffee was sold oversees in 2006 for $350 million so it is an important export, but with the decreased p...
Sywester, Kevin. Decolonization and economic growth: the case of Africa. Journal of economic development. December 2005. 30(2); p.89-91.
Maxwell, Simon. "Book Review Symposium." Development Policy Review 26.1 (2008): 113-128. Academic Search Premier. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
When comes to Economic aspect, coffee is the second most traded product in the world after petroleum. As the country’s economy is dependent on agriculture, which accounts for about 45 percent of the GDP, 90 percent of exports and 80 percent of total employment, coffee is one of the most important commodities to the Ethiopian economy. It has always been the country’s most important cash crop and largest export commodity. (Zelalem Tesera p
After the Italian second defeat, Haile Selassie led Ethiopia by the vision of modernization and advancement of his people live. Emperor Haile Selassie established modern schools, universities, and military, naval, air force and police academies. He even donated one of his palaces to the first university in th...
Kenya is a republic of East Africa. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean on the southeast. The capital of Kenya is Nairobi. It is located in the south central part of the country. It has a population of 1.5 million. The National Musum of Kenya, the National Theater and the University of Nairobi are in the city.
There are at least four different research perspectives about the relationship between development and economic growth. Firstly, economic growth is the basis for social development. Secondly, economic growth and social development are not necessarily linked. Thirdly, both economic growth and social development are not basic causes by each other, but they depend on interaction. Fourthly, social development is the prerequisite for economic growth (Mazumdar. 1...
In order for any country to survive in comparison to another developed country they must be able to grow and sustain a healthy and flourishing economy. This paper is designed to give a detailed insight of economic growth and the sectors that influence economic growth. Economic growth in a country is essential to the reduction of poverty, without such reduction; poverty would continue to increase therefore economic growth is inevitable. Through economic growth, it is also an aid in the reduction of the unemployment rate and it also helps to reduce the budget deficit of the government. Economic growth can also encourage better living standards for all it is citizens because with economic growth there are improvements in the public sectors, educational and healthcare facilities. Through economic growth social spending can also be increased without an increase of taxes.
Have you ever heard of Botswana? Well, it is a country in Africa. Most people have never heard of Botswana, just like most people do not know that Egypt is in Africa. Pretty interesting? I, myself, had never heard of Botswana until I was selected to spend six weeks on a missionary internship there. I also did not know that Egypt was in Africa until recently. I would not give up my experience in Botswana away for the world. That is not what I am here to tell you about, though. I would love to tell you all about the mission trip and my plans for going back for a two year stay; however, I would like to inform you about the country of Botswana. I would like to begin by telling you where Botswana is. We will then look at this country under South African rule, compared to the independent government of Botswana that now exists. I would also like to have you look at the people and their culture to sho3w you what kind of people they are, and how simply they live and still get along quite well. I hope you enjoy this informational page of a country that many people have never heard about, and maybe it will inspire you to at least make a visit to see if I am telling the truth.
According to Collier & Dollar, (2001) economic growth is normally dependent on the nature and quality of economic policies that a country implements. In South Africa, soon after apartheid the government have tried to wrestle with the multiple objectives which are namely to reduce poverty, increase employment, increase international trade as well as increasing the rate of economic growth. According to Mohr et al, (2015) the macroeconomic objectives are used to assess the performance of the economy. The five macroeconomic objectives that will be discussed in this assignment are firstly the economic growth, full employment, price stability, balance of payments and equitable distribution of income. The assignment will then evaluate each of the objectives of macroeconomic growth and asses where South Africa as a country is performing on each of these respective points.