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Justice and ethics are, in part, conceptually what defines right and wrong. For many people, this stems from religious traditions, however there are historically, and current, instances when a religious regime grows so powerful it becomes virtually unchecked. To be clear, I do not interpret any religion as good or bad. However, from a historical and political perspective, religious institutions, customs, and laws have been used to hide heinous crimes. The movie, “Spotlight”, is based on a true story about a team of investigative journalists at the Boston Globe. The Spotlight Team was comprised of multiple reporters, namely: Marty Baron, Ben Bradlee, Jr., Sacha Pfeiffer, Mike Rezendes, and Walter Robinson. The film starts in 2001, when the team …show more content…
Garabedian, a lawyer working with sexual abuse victims, to establish a pattern of behavior of instances of boys being raped by Priests. However, this morphs into a story about how the Catholic Church is protecting the offenders with draconian laws. There was apparently documented proof of the Church’s knowledge of the problem, but when Rezendes went to get the files, they were supposed to be public records, he found them gone. This started a court case where the Spotlight Team won against the Church and, ultimately publish their findings. The film credits state that there were hundreds of articles published exposing the Catholic Church’s corruption starting in …show more content…
In his context, utility is used to mean “whatever produces pleasure or happiness, and whatever prevents pain or suffering” (p. 34). His premise states that the course of action taken should be the one that “maximizes utility” (p. 34). On a superficial level, this seems to make intuitive sense, people want to do what makes them happy. However, there are some substantial flaws in his logic, namely the concept of individual rights and the concept of value (p. 40). This premise negates the importance of human rights, naturally gained rights, that can no one can take away. His logic dictates that if a majority of people will be happy, it would be okay to violate the rights of a single being. His skewed viewing of the world negates the concept of
Jeremy Bentham, one of the founders of Utilitarianism, believed his philosophy could provide for the “greatest happiness of the greatest number of people”. However benign it may sound, at the heart of Utilitarianism is a cold, teleological process which reduces happiness to a mere commodity. It is even worse that Saul Alinsky would extend this philosophy to a point where the truth becomes relative, justice becomes a tool of those powerful enough to wield it, and any means are justified to reach one’s desired ends.
Nineteenth century British philosophers, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill sum up their theory of Utilitarianism, or the “principle of utility,” which is defined as, “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness” (Munson, 2012, p. 863). This theory’s main focus is to observe the consequences of an action(s), rather than the action itself. The utility, or usef...
The principle of utility states that actions or behaviors are right in so far as they promote happiness or pleasure, wrong if they tend to deliver despondency or torment. Mill believes that the principle of utility is the perfect way to evaluate ethics is through the individual's happiness. People who have the opportunity to chose or purse there own form of happiness usually makes really wise ethical decisions, which improves society. I agree with mill’s theory because happiness always produces good things, which would very beneficial to the
Utilitarianism defined, is the contention that a man should judge everything based on the ability to promote the greatest individual happiness. In other words Utilitarianism states that good is what brings the most happiness to the most people. John Stuart Mill based his utilitarian principle on the decisions that we make. He says the decisions should always benefit the most people as much as possible no matter what the consequences might be. Mill says that we should weigh the outcomes and make our decisions based on the outcome that benefits the majority of the people. This leads to him stating that pleasure is the only desirable consequence of our decision or actions. Mill believes that human beings are endowed with the ability for conscious thought, and they are not satisfied with physical pleasures, but they strive to achieve pleasure of the mind as well.
The Ins and Outs of Ethics is a Business Week Online magazine article from May 13, 2001, it was written by Eric Wahlgren. In the article he interviews Michael Rion, the author of The Responsible Manager. Rion is also a leading business ethics advisor who consults many Standard and Poor’s 500 companies. In the article Wahlgren asks Rion why it is important for businesses to have a high ethical standard. In his responses, Rion explains that effective organizations utilize ethics programs to clearly define ethical expectations, resolve ethical issues quickly, and to remove moral constraints. Additionally, employees who understand how to deal with ethical dilemmas will also be more productive and have strong core values to guide them. According to scripture, Rions concepts are biblically sound, relevant, and desirable, proving that ethical organizational behavior is shaped and influenced by sound ethical principles.
The foundation of Utility is based on John Stuart Mill's notion that one must strive to act in such a way to produce the greatest good of the greatest number. Utility itself relies on the responsibility of the individual to remain impartial in his endeavor to produce the greatest good, looking past such extrinsic influences that may render the individual to seek a biased sense of satisfaction. In order for Utility to function as Mill wanted it to, honest judgment and objectivity must be an essential part of one's drive for the acquisition of the greatest good.
In John Stuart Mill’s “Utilitarianism”, Mill generates his thoughts on what Utilitarianism is in chapter 2 of his work. Mill first starts off this chapter by saying that many people misunderstand utilitarianism by interpreting utility as in opposition to pleasure. When in reality, utility is defined
Therefore, the utility principle is completely dependent on the amount of happiness brought about. It can be inferred that actions which don’t produce a content amount of happiness are morally wrong. He uses many anaphoras throughout the preface to serve as background information and bring attention upon it. Rhetorical questions are present as well to make the audience think about what he’s saying.
For example he claims “Any action or social policy is morally right if it serves to increase the amount of happiness in the world or to decrease the amount of misery. Conversely, action or social policy is morally wrong if it serves to decrease happiness or to increase misery.” Also Rachels states “The policy of killing, at their own request, hopelessly ill patients who are suffering great pain would decrease the amount of misery in the world. Therefore, such a policy would be morally right.” Rachels brings up the usual objections against utilitarianism. How the principle of utility is highly controversial. In particular, it conflicts with our idea of rights, and of honor. If we go to the extreme, it seems that the argument above could make involuntary euthanasia right. Since if the amount of happiness is increased enough by terminating a patient, even if this patient does not want to die. And obviously this is an unacceptable thing to do in our society. In
John Stuart Mill claims that people often misinterpret utility as the test for right and wrong. This definition of utility restricts the term and denounces its meaning to being opposed to pleasure. Mill defines utility as units of happiness caused by an action without the unhappiness caused by an action. He calls this the Greatest Happiness Principle or the Principle of Utility. Mill’s principle states that actions are right when they tend to promote happiness and are wrong when they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. Happiness is defined as intended pleasure and the absence of pain while unhappiness is defined as pain and the lack of pleasure. Therefore, Mill claims, pleasure and happiness are the only things desirable and good. Mill’s definition of utilitarianism claims that act...
Prior to the establishment of the Abrahamic monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) religious justice was a muddled picture. In the polytheistic religions, gods each had their own interests, which often conflicted with the interests of other gods. “The belief in one god allowed the Abrahamic religions setup a fundamentally different dynamic in ethics; the dichotomous distinction between right and wrong.” (Stark, 2001). Human actions no longer served one god or another’s interests, they were now judged by the embodiment of all that was perfect and sacred; God.
Both Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, had thoughts of the Principle of Utility and what it should be like. Bentham believes that the Principle of Utility depends on pain and pleasure and Mill believes that the Principle of Utility depends on higher pleasures and lower pleasures. Pain meaning evil and pleasure meaning good or greater benefits and higher pleasures meaning that action was good which would lead to a higher level of happiness and lower pleasures meaning bad which would lead to a decreasing level of happiness. Therefore, a normative ethical theory that has come through from this and it is Utilitarianism. The definition of Utilitarianism is a course of action that maximizes the total
Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with the moral principles and values that govern our behavior as human beings. It is important in the human experience that we are able to grasp the idea of our own ethical code in order to become the most sensible human beings. But in that process, can ethics be taught to us? Or later in a person’s life, can he or she teach ethics the way they learned it? It is a unique and challenging concept because it is difficult to attempt to answer that question objectively because everybody has his or her own sense of morality. And at the same time, another person could have a completely different set of morals. Depending on the state of the person’s life and how they have morally developed vary from one human
In the film Shame, Brandon represents a successful middle class man working in Manhattan, but is constantly trapped within his addiction to sex and compulsive thoughts to oppress the dirty thoughts when his sister Sissy comes into his life. How does Brandon’s sister Sissy reverse the predator and victim role on a psychological perspective? And what sexual subjectivities does Sissy impose on Brandon that ultimately drives the monstrosity as sexual pathology?
Ethics has numerous meaning to it. It is not something that one can place a single definition on. Not only is it near impossible to have a definition for this word. It is also hard for any two people have the same specific definition for this word. Ethics ultimately means someone’s moral and logical thought process on what is morally right and wrong. Though, many people might feel that ethics can have a specific definition, ultimately this term is a word that is going to be defined on an individual bases.