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Enron and business ethics
Enron and business ethics
The ethical concerns of enron
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An Evaluation of Ethics and the Ethical Culture of Enron. This article provides a brief background on the event leading to the demise of Enron. Additionally, this paper will discuss the cultural elements of Enron and their relationship to unethical behavior and its effects on stakeholders. Lastly, this paper offers an analysis of ethic theory and its application to the Enron Dilemma. Introduction and Situational Analysis Enron, once revered as juggernaut in corporate America, fought its way to top of the industrial world. In 1985, while climbing the ladder of success, Enron began its energy industry merger with two Houston companies (Sims, 2003, p. 243). Following the merger in 1998, the massive empire known as Enron solidified its powerhouse …show more content…
Placed in proper perspective, had Enron considered doing the right thing because it was the right thing to do, regardless of outcome, the company may still be in business today (Gilbert, 2012, p. 57). Obviously, in hindsight, doing the right thing may have changed the culture to one more conducive to moral values, which in turn, may have resulted in earlier reports of financial shortcomings. In reality, the company may have prevented its own demise with honest forthcoming reports that could have prevented market panic; thus, preventing the downward spiral that enviable destroyed the company. Point of fact, Enron openly espoused its affection for ethical policies but, in fact, it did not practice ethical behavior. Truly, had the company followed any ethical approach, it may have staved off its preordained destiny. A culture that rewards breaking rules is destine for failure. Though an ethical program may appear to be the solution; however, a moral culture is truly the key to winning the battle of ethics. Moreover, others have suggested that ethical programs may stifle creativity and thus prevent the free exercise of one’s values and moral judgment (Stansbury & Barry, 2007, p. 239). While a program by itself will never be successfully, leadership from the top is instrumental to victory; managers must be known for possessing core values such as honesty and integrity (Nel, Nel, & du Plessis, 2011, p. 59). Albeit, despite the best policies, the proclivities of most subordinates will always drift towards follow the examples of leadership (Mayer, Kuenzi, & Greenbaum, 2010, p. 13). Thus, like the saying goes, an ounce of example is worth a thousand words! The prevention of such needless tragedy lies not in policy or programs but rather in leadership by example. If society truly demands moral behavior within its institutions, then it must expect the same standard from its leaders. Society must demand
Many organizations have been destroyed or heavily damaged financially and took a hit in terms of reputation, for example, Enron. The word Ethics is derived from a Greek word called Ethos, meaning “The character or values particular to a specific person, people, culture or movement” (The American Heritage Dictionary, 2007, p. 295). Ethics has always played and will continue to play a huge role within the corporate world. Ethics is one of the important topics that are debated at lengths without reaching a conclusion, since there isn’t a right or wrong answer. It’s basically depends on how each individual perceives a particular situation. Over the past few years we have seen very poor unethical business practices by companies like Enron, which has affected many stakeholders. Poor unethical practices affect the society in many ways; employees lose their job, investors lose their money, and the country’s economy gets affected. This leads to people start losing confidence in the economy and the organizations that are being run by the so-called “educated” top executives that had one goal in their minds, personal gain. When Enron entered the scene in the mid-1980s, it was little more than a stodgy energy distribution system. Ten years later, it was a multi-billion dollar corporation, considered the poster child of the “new economy” for its willingness to use technology and the Internet in managing energy. Fifteen years later, the company is filing for bankruptcy on the heels of a massive financial collapse, likely the largest in corporate America’s history. As this paper is being written, the scope of Enron collapse is still being researched, poked and prodded. It will take years to determine what, exactly; the impact of the demise of this energy giant will be both on the industry and the
...FO at the Houston airport. While Mr. Fastow's parents were undergoing a random search, he stopped to chat with Mr. Schwieger. "I never got an opportunity to explain the partnerships to you," he said, according to Mr. Schwieger. Mr. Schwieger replied, "With everything that has come to light, I probably wouldn't like the answer I would have gotten."
The Enron Corporation was founded in 1985 out of Houston Texas and was one of the world 's major electricity, natural gas, communications, and pulp and paper companies that employed over 20,000 employees. This paper will address some of the ethical issues that plagued Enron and eventually led to its fall.
After news of the scandal of Enron, one of the hottest items on e-Bay was a 64-page copy of Enron’s corporate code of ethics. One seller/former employee proclaimed it had “never been opened.” In the forward Kenneth L. Lay, CEO of Enron stated, “We want to be proud of Enron and to know that it enjoys a reputation for fairness and honesty and that it is respected (Enron 2).” For a company with such an extensive code of ethics and a CEO who seemed to want the company to be respected for that, there are still so many unanswered questions of what exactly went wrong. I believe that simply having a solid and thorough code of ethics alone does not prevent a company from acting unethically when given the right opportunity.
the social world of Enron. The fact that they took the form they did and to such a pronounced degree are certainly troubling and perhaps surprising. What should not be surprising is the role such ritualization processes played in the development of this type of deviance, given recognition of their importance in social relationships and organizations.
middle of paper ... ... They had complete disregard for ethical standards that they should have looked towards when making their decisions. They allowed greed, and notoriety, to take over their basic perceptions of what is right, and what is wrong. So in conclusion, I have provided my analysis of ethical behavior that surrounded the financial events of Bernie Madoff, and the events that surrounded Enron.
Enron Corporation started back in 1985. It was created as a merger of Houston Natural Gas and Omaha based InterNorth as a interstate pipeline company (CbcNews). Kenneth Lay was the former chief executive officer of Houston natural gas merged his company with another natural gas line company, Omaha Based InterNorth. During the time of the merger there were many arguments amongst the two companies and in the end Ken Lay the former C...
What role do you think culture played at Enron? Give five specific examples of things Enron’s CEO could have done to create a healthy ethical culture. It has been stated that ethical culture can be measured by the following key attributes. “Employees must feel a sense of responsibility, and accountability for their actions and the actions of their peers. Employees must feel secure enough to raise issues, and concerns freely without fear of retaliation. Most importantly managers must lead by example, and model the behaviors that they demand from their employees.” (Dessler, pg.489) The following are examples, of things Enron’s CEO could have done to promote a strong ethical culture. First there must be a checks and balance system put in motion. For example, Office of Inspector General sole purpose is, “OIG’s mission is to (1) conduct and manage independent audit, evaluations, and investigations concerning Agency programs; (2) prevent and detect against Agency fraud, waste, and abuse; and (3) promote economy and efficiency, and effectiveness in Agency programs and operations.” (EEOC, OIG Semiannual report to Congress) “OIG is conducting ongoing investigations in several field offices involving prohibited personnel practices, ethics violations, conflicts of interest, time and attendance fraud, falsification of government records, misuse of government vehicles,
Thomas, C.W. (April, 2002). The rise and fall of enron. When a company looks too good to be true, it usually is. Journal of Accountancy, Retrieved June 15, 2011, from http://www.journalofaccountancy.com/Issues/2002/Apr/TheRiseAndFallOfEnron.htm
When an ethical dilemma arises within an organization, it is difficult to separate right and wrong with what is best for the majority. Sometimes the answer is not a simple “yes” or “no.” In 2002, Enron Corporation shows us just that. By 2002, the sixth-largest corporation in America filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The case of the Enron scandal is one of the best examples of corporate greed and fraud in America.
“When a company called Enron… ascends to the number seven spot on the Fortune 500 and then collapses in weeks into a smoking ruin, its stock worth pennies, its CEO, a confidante of presidents, more or less evaporated, there must be lessons in there somewhere.” - Daniel Henninger.
The main ethical issue with the Enron scandal is that Enron allowed legal loopholes to supersede ethical principles (Bowen & Heath, 2005). Enron used legal principles to justify what they were doing instead of acknowledging that the accounting processes they were using were unethical. Another one of the ethical issues is that Enron faced was that
The film, “Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room” highlighted a plethora of unethical behavior. From the start, Kenneth Lay was determined to turn a profit and only surrounded himself with individuals who were equally determined. Kenneth Lay, CEO, made numerous decisions on with poor ethical conduct. When faced with debt, Lay encouraged employees and traders to do what was needed to produce a profit. This poor leadership paved the way for poor decision making by all involved.
Several electric companies and gas companies that Enron owned went bankrupt and lost everything the employees worked for (Thomas, 2002). Even though these individuals were impacted directly, several governing bodies were impacted as well. The Securities and Exchange Commission and Congress changed their perspective on how they would monitor companies and evaluate their gains in order to not mislead the public of what their actual worth was (Thomas, 2002).In order for these entities to do a better, more accurate job, additional monitoring services became mandated where rules and guidelines were lenient. Enron rose to prominence in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s (Bragg, 2002).
Through an organizational culture that focused on financial greed for self, illegal accounting practices, conflicts of interest partnerships, illegal business dealings, fraud, negligence, and massive corruption at all levels, the Enron scandal help to create new laws and regulations with stiff penalties if violated (Ferrell, et al, 2013). The federal government implemented the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) (Ferrell, et al, 2013).