Vertigo is the feeling that you or your surroundings are moving when they are not. Benign positional vertigo is the most common form of vertigo. Benign means that the cause of your condition is not serious, and positional means that your condition is triggered by certain head movements and positions. This condition can be dangerous if you are doing something that could endanger yourself or others when you experience vertigo, such as driving.
CAUSES
In many cases, the cause of this condition is not known. It may be caused by a disturbance in an area of the inner ear that helps your brain sense movement and balance. A disturbance can be caused by a viral infection (labyrinthitis), head injury, or repetitive motion.
RISK FACTORS
This condition
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• Feeling like your surroundings are spinning or moving.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Blurred vision.
• Dizziness.
• Involuntary eye movement (nystagmus).
Symptoms can be mild and cause only slight annoyance, or they can be severe and interfere with daily life. Episodes of benign positional vertigo may recur over time and may be triggered by certain movements, such as getting in and out of bed or bending over. Your symptoms may improve over time.
DIAGNOSIS
This condition is usually diagnosed by a physical exam of the head, neck, and ears, and you may be referred to a health care provider who specializes in ear, nose, and throat (ENT) problems (otolaryngologist) or a provider who specializes in disorders of the nervous system (neurologist). You may have additional testing, such as:
• MRI.
• CT scan.
• Tests of eye movements (ENG, caloric simulation, Dix-Hallpike test, Roll test). Your health care provider may ask you to quickly change positions while he or she watches you for symptoms of benign positional vertigo, such as nystagmus.
• Electroencephalography (EEG). This records electrical activity in the brain.
• Hearing tests.
TREATMENT
This condition may be treated
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Some medicines used to treat other conditions may also reduce or eliminate symptoms of benign positional vertigo. These include medicines to:
○ Relieve depression (antidepressants).
○ Control seizures (anticonvulsants).
• Surgery. This is only necessary in very rare cases.
In some cases, benign positional vertigo may resolve on its own in 2-4 weeks.
HOME CARE INSTRUCTIONS
• Take over-the-counter and prescription medicines only as told by your health care provider.
• If your health care provider told you to avoid certain positions of your head or neck, follow his or her instructions.
• Move slowly. Avoid sudden body or head movements.
• Avoid driving.
• Avoid operating heavy machinery.
• Avoid performing any tasks that would be dangerous to yourself or others during a vertigo episode.
• If you have trouble walking or keeping your balance, try using a cane for stability. Sit down right away if you feel dizzy or unstable.
• Drink enough fluid to keep your urine clear or pale yellow.
• Return to your normal activities as told by your health care provider. Ask your health care provider what activities are safe for you.
• Keep all follow-up visits as told by your health care provider. This is
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requiered to determine treatment. Lab tests or imaging is often requiered as well. It’s chronic,
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