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Theory of differentiated instruction
Education for children with disabilities
Reflection on the use of differentiated instruction
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Within contemporary education environments the application of the Universal Design for Learning provides all individuals with equal opportunities to learn from the outset rather than as an additional add on. With an ever increasing amount of diverse learners within classrooms, it is paramount educators provide each and every student with a learning program that enriches and enhances their time at school. When attempting to implement the Universal Design for Learning, educators need to create instructional and differentiated goals, methods, materials and assessment through differentiated instruction that meets the needs of all students through challenging and engaging them (CAST, 2011). Within a classroom environment each student brings an array of different skills, needs and interests that alter their learning style and needs. A Universal Design for Learning seeks to make the facilitating of teaching, the curriculum and the learning environment usable by all students to the greatest extent (Post & Rainville 2011). Universal design for learning specifies for educators to present information in a variety of ways, allow options for demonstrating learning and to maximise student engagement through the three guiding principals while maintaining a critically reflective teaching approach.
The Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (2013) promotes the inclusion of all students throughout highlighting that every student is entitled to knowledge which is in conjunction with The Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership (2013) who have created teaching standards that build on emerging theories of inclusive education. Furthermore the National Safe Schools Framework (2011 p.3) that states “all Australian sc...
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...tation of the universal design for learning.
As outlined by David, Meyer, & Hitchcock (2005), differentiated instruction is a process of finding out about each learner and differentiating accordingly. As an educator you must continually develop an awareness of your students by observing their interactions, interests and learning performance in order to provide an inclusive environment. Once a sound knowledge of students is attained the Universal Design for Learning is an excellent way to ensure each and every student is provided equal opportunities to learn and enjoy their education. Through using the three principles of representation, action and expression and engagement in conjunction with critical reflection, educators can reduce barriers within their classroom and provide an inclusive environment that challenges engages and celebrates each and every student.
This essay will discuss the terms differentiated learnnig and personalised learning as well as highlight how these two forms of learning can be implemented in the classroom. Differentiated learning can be defined as an instruction that is an individualised process of teaching and learning that is based on the learners’ prior knowledge, abilities, development readiness, interests and learning styles (Grierson & Woloshyn, 2012). On the other hand personalised learning involves creating an individual learning plan to meet the needs of a particular student. In addition personalised learning does not mean teaching each child individually but trying to cater in several ways for the variety of children you have in the class (Dean, 2006).
The movement for inclusion in education has advanced since the years of special schools for children with disabilities. Although there have been significant changes to the laws protecting the rights of children with disabilities there remains an underlying debate as to whether these children should be in main stream classes. Most states and territories in Australia practice inclusive education, however this remains a contentious topic with differing attitudes. It is evident whilst many challenges remain, schools should implement and deliver quality programs that reflect best practice policies. Positive teacher attitudes, promoting diversity, modelling inclusion in the classroom and developing a sense of community by working in partnerships
We would visit the garden in the school and finally, watch a video with audio on plants. I will use mixed ability grouping for group activities for the students to identify plant types by the leaves and discuss among each other each type. The long time learning activities for the class will be for the student to learn how to plant, water, give nutrition to plant by planting a beans in a pot and we all watch it grow. The students Knowledge will be accessed by giving the students the option of either search the internet for more facts about plant and write a short paragraph about what they learned, or draw and label a picture of a plant and taking a quiz they discuss their answer in
In chapter four the focus switches away from assistive technology supporting students in one content area and focuses on the teaching profession and how assistive technology can assist teachers to employ a universal design for learning. The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) promote learning that best for the student and promoting students a variety of methods to express their knowledge.
Personalizing learning for students takes the idea of differentiating instruction to fit the needs of your students is vitally important to fostering an environment that makes ...
This chapter introduces the concepts of exceptional students, the concepts of inclusion, and how these ideas have developed in the Canadian education systems. I have taken classes that cover these concepts before, but it is interesting for me to review them in the light of both my pre-internship and internship experiences. After these experiences I think I am better able to understand these concepts because I have dealt with them as a classroom teacher.
Inclusive education is an approach for all learners, not only those with additional needs (EADSNE, 2012, p.12). Every child’s needs in the class must be met. In 1991 students with disabilities were required by law to go back into mainstream schools, trying to make them socially included. Research undertaken by Thomas and Loxley has shown ‘a depressing reading for those who are committed to the idea of inclusion, for it implies that every few people at the chalk-face seem to be won over by arguments being put for it’ (Thomas and Loxley, 2001, p.106). In particular teachers are not in favour of ...
Inclusion is not a new idea, but has been rapidly gaining momentum within many disciplines internationally. Inclusive education is a term often associated with special education, and children with additional needs. However, inclusive education is about ensuring that educational settings allow for meaningful participation by all learners. Each child has their own unique identity, ways of doing things, strengths and weaknesses. Ministry of Education [MoE] (1998) states that teachers “should recognise that as all students are individuals, their learning may call for different approaches, different resourcing, and different goals” (p. 39, emphasis added).
Instruction. These two strategies are approaches that address classroom diversity in general education settings, and inclusion classroom settings. The idea of UDL is that instructional lessons, strategies, and assessments are planned with supports, which are more likely to be well-suited for students with special needs. The supports minimize the need for adaptations at a later time. Properly designed classrooms require fewer adaptations for students with special needs, is an ass...
“The universal design for learning involves the conscious and deliberate planning of lessons and outcomes that allow all students access to and participation in the same curricula.” (Ashman & Elkins, 2008, p. 248) When curricula, instruction and assessment are designed using UDL students are offered various approaches of; presentation, expression, and engagement (who, what and why of learning). Using the UDL teachers must allow students to present information and content in different ways, differentiate the ways that students can express what they know, and stimulate interest, engagement and motivation for learning. (Ashman & Elkins, 2...
1. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is provided to help meet the educational needs of all students. UDL is researched-based and allows teachers to use a variety of materials and strategies to motivate and help students learn in the general education classroom. It assists teachers in providing instruction in various ways to a diverse classroom. UDL also allows students to demonstrate their knowledge in a variety of ways.
In order to give myself and my students the best chance at success in the classroom I will attempt to find out as much as I can about each one of them before I set up the learning environment. Current and comprehensive information on students’ likes, dislikes, experiences, skill, understanding and development is imperative to create the best possible learning environment (Daniels & Perry, 2003). Communicating openly and often with stakeholders to help gather good information requires positive collaboration with families, staff and most importantly the students themselves. Frequent, targeted assessment before, during and after learning also provides data that supports the design of teaching and learning experiences offering each student opportunities to be challenged and moved forward (Koppang, 2004). Although time and effort are necessary to obtain this information, it may help to prevent mismatched or misdirected teaching efforts that waste valuable resources, contribute ...
When teachers differentiate their lesson, the students are more engaged to learn. Students have some choice in their learning activities, which motivates students to want to learn and also puts more learning responsibility on the students. Some students may prefer to work alone or in groups and some students like to be hands-on. By differentiating the lesson, all students’ needs are being met. “Differentiated Instruction gives students a range of ways to access curriculum, instruction and assessment. DI engages students to interact and participate in the classroom in a richer way. It is based on the assumption that all students differ in their learning styles, strengths, needs and abilities and that classroom activities should be adapted to meet these differences
Inclusion has become increasingly important in education in recent years, with the Education for Persons with Special Educational Needs Act being passed in 2004 to ensure equality in our system. In summary, inclusion is the idea of there being no child...
How do teachers enable all students of varying abilities to reach the same goals and standards established for their grade level? Instruction begins with a concept of treating each student as a unique learner whose strengths and weaknesses ha...