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American expansionism overseas
Essay on inca civilization
Inca empire culture
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Among the several civilizations in the Americas, the Inca was one of a kind. Starting out in the highlands of the Andes mountain range, the empire spread across modern day Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia for a total length of 2600 miles. At its peek the Inca Empire was the largest nation on Earth and remains the largest native state to have existed in the western hemisphere. The obtaining of such large area of land was no small feat nor was the government that managed it. Understanding how such an empire rose, ruled, and fell could be useful in understanding other ancient civilizations and could be applied in current governments. The geography and resources that the Inca had access to had major effects of the empire. The Incas
Typically he sent spies into regions he wanted and they returned with reports of military strength, wealth and political structure. Afterward, he would send messages to the leader of the area and explain what they would gain by joining his empire. Most accepted the rule of the Inca Most accepted the rule of the Inca. Refusal of the request of Incan rule resulted in a military conquest. Following conquest the local rulers were executed. The ruler 's children were then brought to Cusco to learn about Inca administration systems, then were allowed to return to rule their native lands. This allowed the Inca to indoctrinate them into the Inca nobility and assimilate the rulers into the Incan nobility, even at the various corners of the empire. This system of expansion allowed newly acquired territories to quickly be assimilated into the
They plundered its wealth and left the civilization in ruins. The civilization 's sophisticated road and communication system and governance were no small accomplishments. Diverse tribes, many occupying isolated territories in the most obscure of mountain hideaways, were amazing even by today 's standard. They were greedy for the wealth, which existed in fabulous proportion, not the culture. Yet, through the survival of the language and of a few residual traces of the culture, the civilization was not entirely destroyed. The great and relatively humane civilization of the Incas ' main legacy is inspirational, residing in the human ability to imagine that such a fabulously rich, well-ordered, and generally humane society once existed, high up in the Andean
This primary source tells the reader a great deal about the Incas. The Incas were extremely wealthy. Most of the document tells the reader about the wealth and riches of the Incas, describing their wealth in depth. Jobs in the Incas’ society included many lavish occupations. “[M]any silversmiths who did nothing but work rich pieces of gold or fair vessels of silver; large garrisons were stationed there, and a steward who was in charge of them all” (Pedro). The Incas were organized and intelligent. Large armies were set up to protect their villages, and they had plenty of silver and gold to experiment with and create new beautiful objects. They used their systems to create a fair,
The Incan Empire was older than the Aztec empire and included over five million people before the Spanish arrived. The strength of the empire was impressive considering most of the empire's terrain was mountainous and they had only llamas and people to transport goods. One of the systems that the Incas had in place that allowed their road systems to flourish was that every young poor male had to work for their government building villages, roads, etc. After the Spanish arrived, many Incas died from disease. It is believed that the similarities between the Spanish religious and political systems and the Mesoamerican political/religious systems allowed for an easier takeover of the empires for the Spanish. The Spanish had originally come to the "New World" in search of gold and they found little of it, however, they found a surplus of silver, especially in the mountain practically made of silver in Peru. The responsibility of mining for the silver fell to the natives, despite the mercury poisoning and the deadly conditions in the mines. Spain did eventually become rich from the silver, but inflation and the cost of their wars left them damaged. China had also suffered inflation after they developed paper money and they changed their tax system to require that taxes be paid in silver, which meant their people gave up agricultural jobs for jobs that usually involved silk (which paid in
Geography has the power to affect the way an empire forms and how it rules. Both the Mongol and Spanish Empires changed because of their geography. Trade was both a driving force behind the Mongol and Spanish Empires, but the Mongols were centered in Afroeurasia while the Spanish expanded overseas. The Mongol and Spanish empires were both limited geographically before their expansion because of their individual locations and lack of resources. Both empires were driven by the desire to increase their power and that affected their state formation and their ways of ruling.
The animals that were on the land were found to be basically fruits and vegetables. The Aztec’s and Inca’s seemed to eat only these things which were very healthy and good for their bodies. The Aztec’s and Incas seemed like a very well-devoted tribe to one another.
Inca women autonomy was destroyed by empirical conquest. There was an inherent loss of feminine spirituality with every re-mapping of the empire’s boundaries. They lost their powerful female deities and were repaid with gendered predetermination. Men allowed conquest to detach them from the Inca belief system of balance and equality that pre-dated any need for expansion. Conquest hierarchy was enforced and unquestioned. An all though the Inca political people gained power, they lost social harmony.
The Aztecs and Incas served an important role in the primal Native American civilizations. They were similar and different with the treatment of women, the economy, and intellectual achievements. Economically, both civilizations used trade, tribute, and agriculture to build their economy. However, the Aztecs had a more mixed economy, used trade more frequently than the Incas, and had a merchant class whereas the Incan civilization had more governmental control. Intellectually, both civilizations achieved in fields such as architecture, and art; however, the Incan empire had a wider range of achievements, disregarding their lack of writing. Throughout both civilizations, women had a tough life and were underappreciated but comparing the two, Incan women had it better off due to parallel descent.
Patterson, Thomas C. "Tribes, Chiefdoms, and Kingdoms in the Inca Empire.” Power Relations and State Formation (1987): 1-15,117-127.
The Inca Empire Janos Gyarmati’s Paria la Viexa and an expanding empire: Provincial centers in the political economy of the Inca Empire proved that the Inca’s built an empire unlike any other. From 1440 to 1532 A.D., the Inca Empire dominated the Americas. Known as “the fastest growing and largest territorial empire”(Gyarmati 37) of its time, the Inca Empire left a mark with their complex, perpetual and innovative economic, road, and settlement system. The Inca’s were advanced for their time, however, they lacked a system that would guarantee the survival of their kin. In order to strive, for the long-term, the Inca’s created provincial centers that would ensure their growth and economy for the generations to come.
Two of the biggest and greatest civilization in the Americas were the Aztecs and Incas. These two civilization were both said to be conquered by the Spanish, but it wasn’t just the Spanish who conquered them. These two civilizations both fell from a combination of a weak government, lack of technology, new disease introduced by the invaders, and not being prepared for the invaders. For many centuries the Aztec civilization revolved around a ideological, social, and political system in which expansion was the cornerstone. Expansion was the cornerstone of their whole civilization, because their religion requested that a large number of human sacrifices where to be made to the gods.
The Inca government was one of the most efficient and complex of ancient history, Spanish conquistadors could do nothing but stand in awe while contemplating the complexity in their society. Mostly because Spaniards found many tangible resemblances between Spain's monarchy and the structural hierarchy in which the “antiquated” Incan Empire revolted around. The Incas consolidated a strong Empire based on coercion and rewards over conquered tribes that served a centralized power in Tahuantinsuyo. They were maintained in check through appointed representatives and tax collectors who were empowered to carry out punishment for crimes,
The Aztec Empire stood for many years but never expanded much, only conquering small neighboring civilizations. The Aztec Empire was founded in the 6th century and didn’t fall until 1525. The Inca Civilization was a bit different. The Inca Civilization conquered as many lands that it could but quickly fell after just 100 years. In this essay I will be comparing the government, economics, and culture in the Aztec Civilizationand the Inca Empire.
Many arguments have occurred over the centuries since the Spanish marched into the Andean highlands and took over the Incan empire, over whether the Incan's were part of an ideal human society, or just a group of tyrannical rulers. While the Incan society had created a stable political, economic, and social system in the Andean world it was far from being an ideal society. On the same note, the Incan's were not tyrannical rulers, did not exploit their subjects or take away their land for no reason. The reading entitled "Was Inca Rule Tyrannical?" discusses this argument about the Incan empire, tries to classify the form of government the Incan's lived under, and searches for the truth about what the Incan empire was really like. The truth about the Incan empire lies somewhere between the romanticized views, and the views meant to justify the Spanish conquest, while it is impossible to classify in modern terms the form of government the Incan's had.
In this essay I will tell how the Aztec and Inca empires ended, and also I will compare the fall of both empires, using for a point of departure the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in the land of Mexico. Wherever the Spanish went always the same thing happened, from my point of view. Innocent people were killed for no good reason, cities were massacred, civilizations were destroyed or forced to convert to Christianity. And so, I think now is the time to reevaluate the actions of the European explorers who subjugated the native American peoples and their civilizations. Undoubtedly the most glorified and heroically portrayed of these figures of the European conquest of the New World were the conquistadors, the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16-th century. These men, under leaders such as Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizzaro nearly eliminated the Aztec and Inca peoples. Surely many of these soldiers were extremely cruel and intolerant of the native populations. But it is important to consider, with the push of both sides toward territorial expansion, how these groups (European and American) could remain isolated from each other. Furthermore, with meeting of these two imperialist cultures, it must be considered whether it would be possible for the two to peacefully coexist.
The population of the Empire was very diverse and large, containing millions of people. The Incan people called their state Tawantinsuyu. It consisted of four divisions with the capital, Cuzco, located in middle. The people did not have written language, making the early Spanish as the only source of The Incan Empire. However, according to the Incan people, the Empire did not start its growth until the capital was almost destroyed by the revolting Chanca people in the fifteenth century. The son of the emperor, Inca Yupanqui, was able to stop the revolt. While in power, he had a goal to bring civilization to all of the Andean people. Along with his successors, they made the Incan Empire begin to quickly grow. Alliances, intimidation, and conquest gave the power needed to expand the Empire. Conquered areas were not made to be tributaries for the Incas, but actually became part of the Empire. More than 14,000 miles of road would be used for transport by the Empire, so moving large groups of people was not hard. The newly conquered people were split up and relocated, making the conquered people less of a threat to the empire. The roads contained administrative centers and warehouses that not only allowed the Empire to transport people, but also created storage for goods throughout the Empire. Food and clothing that was stored allowed the army to constantly move while always having supplies. The Incan Empire was
Because the Incas made an effort to receive what the Spanish had to offer, they became less inferior in the eyes of the Spanish. Thus, Guaman Poma attempts to boost the Incas’ social statuses by portraying their acquiescence and peaceful embrace of Spanish