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Role of forensic science
Role of forensic science
Describe the evolution of forensic sciences over time, including the role of key pioneers
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There’s More That Meets the Eye
The dead speak to the living in various forms. Humans are gifted with experts who translate the clues of the deceased including psychics, medical examiners, forensic pathologists, and forensic anthropologists. Anthropologists study bones, pathologists examine the “cause and development of disease,” and merging into forensics skews their missions (“Career”). For instance, forensic anthropologists study any causes of death available in the bones and aid the identification process with confirmations of age, race, and height while forensic pathologists study the causes of death “for legal purposes, one of which is deciding cause of death” (“Career”). Dr. Bill Bass, the author of Death’s Acre, is an expert in the
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world of anthropology and created his career in forensic anthropology. Throughout his lifetime, Bass told the harrowing stories relayed by complex clues left by the deceased, and described these in his book: Death’s Acre: Inside the Legendary Forensic Lab The Body Farm Where the Dead Do Tell Tales. In Lexington, Kentucky, Bass was pursuing a counseling master’s degree at the University of Kentucky when he got a glimpse of the forensic anthropology spectrum. He took an anthropology class under Dr. Charles E. Snow and assisted him in identifying another death from a vehicular accident. This experience changed his career path completely, and he began to pursue a forensic anthropology career. The problem-solving and puzzles involved with deciphering bones would be the challenge that Bass loved; he would rack his brain for hours translating how tall the female was, what the notches in femurs meant or what the fused sutures in the skull said about age. Even with Dr. Bass’s depth of knowledge, the world of forensics did not have a complete understanding of decomposition. It was a clever opponent because decomposition was never controlled; every variable of the body’s environment would affect decomposition. This is what stumped Dr. Bass frequently. In one specific case, embalming fooled Dr. Bass into thinking the body was dead no longer then a couple months when the actual death date was over a hundred years ago. While being embarrassed to the core, he became interested in finding out the signs a body goes through while decomposing because forensic professionals couldn’t accurately gauge death dates. Factors like maggots, heat, or embalmed added to, subtracted from, or predicted the death date, so how could experts configure accurate death dates? Because of unknown variables, Dr.
Bass created The Body Farm, or Death’s Acre, to clear the scientific uncertainties regarding decomposition. With the help of his students and the University of Tennessee, he built The University of Tennessee Anthropological Research Facility. This acre of land would be better known as The Body Farm and used to scientifically research bodies decaying in certain controlled situations to report on processes that affect decomposition. For instance, decomposition in water, heat, cold, and mud was observed; the activity of maggots was observed; bodies decaying in fire was observed; bodies being moved was observed. The Body Farm could finally tell the world how nature affected decomposition …show more content…
accurately. Many of his graduate students would do their graduate research at The Body Farm and move on to be esteemed experts in specialized fields like maggots, fire, and power tools’ effects on decaying bodies. He frequently would consult them throughout his career on different variables nature tested decomposition with. Esteemed author, Patricia Cornwell, visited The Body Farm to prepare for her fifth book, The Body Farm.
Due to the accomplishment of that book, Dr. Bass’s facility became an overnight curiosity. His secretary would field hundreds of calls for pictures or tours of the facility, and Dr. Bass had to learn to decline these too curious onlookers. He was overwhelmed with the response to The Body Farm but he had a duty to protect the bodies’ last dignities. They were providing vast intelligence to the scientific community but they were originally human beings; he did not have their consent and would not purposely put them in the media
spotlight. Dr. Bill Bass’s career has reached thousands of households with his abilities. Moving from state to state, he has taught young adults the mysteries behind the human body. He has pulled the curious ones into the career of forensic anthropology and was influenced many more. Police departments across the country have called on his expertise to consult mind-boggling cases. Dr. Bill Bass gives closure to those who are grieving and facts to those who need solace.
Introduction: Mary Roach introduces herself ass a person who has her own perspective of death about cadavers. She explains the benefits of cadavers and why they could be used for scientific improvements. She acknowledges the negative perspectives of this ideology.
Dr. Bass's Body Farm is a small patch of land that is located near the University of Tennessee Medical Center. This place was where bodies were locked in the trunks of cars, submerged in water, concealed under concrete slabs, and buried in shallow graves. All of these things were done to the bodies because
Timothy O’ Sullivan’s “A Harvest of Death” is a photograph that was taken on July 4th, 1863 where it later was transferred on a 6 ¾” x 8 ¾” albumen silver print by Alexander Gardner and was part of a body of work O’ Sullivan exhibited in his “Grave Testimony: Photographs of the Civil War” exhibition held at the J. Paul Getty Museum.
The show portrays that forensic anthropologists are responsible for almost every aspect of the death investigation, which does not correctly depict the role of forensic anthropologists (Wood,2017a). The method of which components of the biological profile, like sex of the remains, is also incorrectly portrayed as Dr. Brennan estimated the sex using a trait that does not accurately indicate sexual dimorphism (Wood, 2017c). Lastly, the complexity of personal identification, which is one of the most important aspects of forensic anthropology casework (Krishan et al, 2016), is not portrayed correctly as Dr. Brennan and her team based the identification of the remains on one trait that has questionable reliability (Charles & Levisetti, 2011). All in all, ‘The feet on the beach’ episode of ‘Bones’ does not accurately portray the forensic anthropology as it is romanticized for entertainment and overly simplified for a lay person to
“In most human society's death is an extremely important cultural and social phenomenon, sometimes more important than birth” (Ohnuki-Tierney, Angrosino, & Daar et al. 1994). In the United States of America, when a body dies it is cherished, mourned over, and given respect by the ones that knew the person. It is sent to the morgue and from there the family decides how the body should be buried or cremated based on...
In the Victorian Britain there was 88 minors were killed from the start of 1851 to the end of 1851 from many, many different things. I am talking about deaths in Victorian Britain and what I think the deaths mean is that the people who died, died cruelly. There may be some people who die of accidental deaths but most people die of a cruel death. The Victorians viewed death as a sad time because the deaths caused a great deal of sadness and pain to the person's family mates and friends.
John L McIntosh. (2003) . Handbook of Death and Dying. Volume 1: The Presence of Death. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Reference.
Imagine yourself as a mortician, certified as an embalmer, retort operator, funeral director, and a funeral cosmetologist. You get a call late at night, there’s been a terrible accident and someone has died. You arrive at the hospital and are directed to a small room where the body of the deceased is being held. There’s blood all over the sheets as the doctor and coronary assistant zip up the body bag and inform you the body was badly mangled in a car accident, which is going to make reconstructing the deceased very difficult. Your assistant puts the body on the stretcher and loads it into the hearse while you talk to the wife of the deceased man. She tells you they plan to have a funeral so you give her your card and a reassuring word before leaving the hospital and driving back to the funeral home. Now your job begins, not only will you have to reconstruct this man’s disfigured body, but you must meet with the family, discuss funeral arrangements, and deal with the family’s emotional trauma that comes with losing a loved one. Although working in the funeral business can be emotionally draining, it’s a satisfying feeling to see mourning families able to say goodbye to their loved ones. Despite the fact that working so closely with the deceased can be chilling, Mortuary science can be a thrilling field to work in.
When a suspicious body appears in the morgue, the forensics team goes to work. The body, if still covered in tissue goes to the forensic pathologist who will study the tissue extensively. If a conclusion is unable to be reached through this process, the pathologist will remove the tissue from the bone and send the skeleton to the forensic anthropologist. In other cases, the victim is found with no to little tissue on the bone, making it nearly impossible for a layman to discover any identifying characteristics about the person. The forensic anthropologist’s first job is to determine the sex, age and race of the victim (Sauer, 1998).
With the mention of death, three words come to mind, e.g., grief, mourning, and bereavement. Although, Touhy and Jett (2016) cited that these three words are used interchangeably, the authors differentiated the three, e.g., bereavement indicates the occurrence of a loss; grief referred to the emotional response to the loss, and mourning as the “outward expression of loss” (p. 482). It should be noted, that all three implied a loss. In addition, they are applied not only in times of death, but also in all kinds of loss. A loss brings along with it a trail of thoughts, feelings, and emotions. One such thought is the consideration of what it would be when one is gone forever. As discussed
A parent’s alcohol addiction has a negative effect on themselves and their child as it results in mental, emotional, and physical abuse within the family. In The Body, Chris Chambers’ father is a raging alcoholic who does not care about anybody. Mr. Chambers will stay at home with Chris and Chris’ siblings and beats them and his wife: “Chris was marked up every two weeks or so, bruises on his cheeks and neck or one eye swelled up” (306). Mr. Chambers does not care about how young or helpless his children or Mrs. Chambers is. Chris and his siblings will be bruised anywhere on their bodies which the public sees but he does not care what people think of him or his children. For there is no respect that he gives to himself or to his children because
The subject of death and dying can cause many controversies for health care providers. Not only can it cause legal issues for them, but it also brings about many ethical issues as well. Nearly every health care professional has experienced a situation dealing with death or dying. This tends to be a tough topic for many people, so health care professionals should take caution when handling these matters. Healthcare professionals not only deal with patient issues but also those of the family. Some of the controversies of death and dying many include; stages of death and dying, quality of life issues, use of medications and advanced directives.
Death occurs when living stops. From the event of death, we have created religious and cultural traditions. It has become the core of literature and entertainment. As a society we are somewhat fascinated by it. Healthcare practitioners fight everyday to prevent it from happening. Can this event, which is absolute, change its meaning over time?
In a time where science and materialism reign, the topic of the soul is rarely mentioned, ostensibly left in the past with the philosophers of old. Nichols, however, candidly broaches this difficult topic and gives new life to the argument that humans do indeed have an immaterial, immortal soul. Nichols summarizes several popular arguments for the existence of the soul as he builds his own argument, which discusses a soul as limited in relation to its environment as well as a soul that is one with the mind and a controller of the body. He discusses both the strengths and challenges to his argument, offering rebuttals to the challenges. Because this soul is the organizing principle of the body it is involved in the Resurrection as well, bridging the gap between the material and spiritual worlds. However, I disagree with Nichols’ assessment, instead choosing the side of materialism where an immaterial soul does not exist.
Egyptians believed that there were six vital parts that made up a person. Each of these parts were necessary in the journey from the physical world to that of the afterlife—the phenomenon of mummification is based off of this desire to preserve the important fragments of a person. The six main portions were the body, shadow, name, Ka (spirit), Ba (personality), and Akh (immortality). In order to ensure the Ka traveled safely to the afterlife, statues of the Ka were molded out of clay and put into the tomb with its owner’s body. The Ka had the same needs and desires as the person as it embodied the soul. The Ka was buried with food, drink, and other offerings that it would need in the afterlife to be comfortable. Like the Ka, other clay statues were often put into the tomb with the body. These statues were representative of magical servants who would take on any task that the person needed help with in the afterlife or journey to the afterlife. The Ba or personality entered the person’s body at birth and left with the person’s death. The Ba could easily move between the spirit and real world taking on various forms as it journeyed. Many believed that the Ba would control the dream state of a person. The Akh was the most important factor in the moving on process for Ancient Egyptian people. The Akh would leave the person at death and join spirits in the under world and would in theory live forever. The person’s body was viewed as glue that held all of these factors together on the journey to the afterlife. Mummification assured people that their body would be prepared and preserved so they could journey into the afterlife. ("Egyptian Religion." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2013): 1. MAS Ultra - School ...