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Piaget's cognitive stage theory
The strengths and weaknesses of Piaget’s theories
The strengths and weaknesses of Piaget’s theories
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Piaget: Concrete Operational Stage Introduction When applying Piaget’s theory to middle childhood or children between the ages of 6 to 12 years, most fall into the concrete operational stage. According to Piaget, children between the ages of 7 years to 11 years fall into this third stage of development (Shaffer & Kipp, 2010). During the concrete operational stage of development, children rapidly develop and acquire cognitive operations (Shaffer & Kipp, 2010). During the concrete operational stage, children also approach ideas and events more flexibly and logically, can solve problems more systematically than before, and able to operate more efficiently when working with and analyzing concrete objects (Seifert, 2015). Finally, children entering in and remaining in Piaget’s concrete operational stage undergo dramatic physical changes, are more able to set and pursue goals, and are more focused in their actions and thinking. There are many concepts that are discussed and contained within the third stage of Piaget’s theory. However, three of the most common concepts include conservation, classification, and seriation. These concepts will be discussed, and examples will be provided on how each concept could impact a child’s functioning in a home, educational …show more content…
Seriation also refers to the child’s ability to count and measure specific objects, numbers, or artifacts (Ojose, 2008). If a child were to demonstrate seriation at home, it would impact his or her ability to put toys away and arrange stuffed animals in a specific order. At school, seriation would impact a child’s performance in math class and his or her ability to count and list numbers in orders/patterns. Finally, if a child were to demonstrate seriation in a social situation, it could impact how he or she views themselves compared to their friends in terms of height and
A well-known psychologist, Jean Piaget is most famous for his work in child development. In his theory of cognitive development, Piaget presents four stages of mental development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Piaget explains the adaptation processes that allow transition from one stage to the next. He also emphasizes the role of schemas as a basic unit of knowledge.
This theory is crafted by Jean Piaget (1896– 1980) and his work concentrated on seeing how kids see the world. Piaget trusted that from outset, we have the fundamental mental structure on which all ensuing information and learning are based and because of natural development and ecological experience, the mental procedures will have a dynamic rearrangement. Piaget's presumption was that kids are dynamic takes part in the advancement of information and they adjust to nature through currently looking to comprehend their condition. He proposed that cognitive advancement occurs in four phases, 0 to 2 years being the sensori motor, 2 years to 7 years the preoperational, 7 to 12 years the solid operations, and 12 years or more the formal operations.
Piaget has four stages in his theory: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. The sensorimotor stage is the first stage of development in Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. This stage lasts from birth to the second year of life for babies, and is centered on the babies exploring and trying to figure out the world. During this stage, babies engage in behaviors such as reflexes, primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, and tertiary circular
One of the teachers made mention of participation of students in class. In this stage moral and ethical lessons are important to them because it shows who they really are. Also, the middle school teacher made mention of the kind of social group middle school students want to belong to. Piaget considered children between the ages of 7 to 12 to be under the Concrete operational stage. In the Concrete Operational stage children develop from egocentric thinking and are more rule-regulated like how the middle school teacher explained it. One of the important aspect of this stage is their identity. She also talked about how crashed or down they are when they do not pass their exams that is SOL. During this stage, the middle teacher said she uses Station based learning where students are broken down or divided in order for them to learn and also differentiation where she creates different skills for students in helping them
The third stage is the Concrete Operational stage (7-11 years); this is when children are starting to solve problems mentally and develop concepts and are beginning to get better at understanding and following rules. Piaget’s fourth and final stage is the Formal Operational Stage (11 years and over); this stage is where the child is able to think not only as in the terms of the concrete, but also think in the abstract and is now able to think hypothetically. Piaget’s theory is one where children learn in a different manner to that of adults as they do not have the life experiences and interactions that adults have and use to interpret information. Children learn about their world by watching, listening and doing. Piaget’s constructivist theory has had a major impact on current theories and practices of education. Piaget has helped to create a view where the focus is on the idea of developmentally appropriate education. This denotes to an education with environments, materials and curriculum that are coherent with a student’s cognitive and physical abilities along with their social and emotional
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development changed the way psychologists and educators view children’s intellectual development. However, with the widespread acceptance of Piaget’s insight and theory has also came with research that modifies and refines his contribution. According to Piaget there are four major stages of development (Day, Mary.) Today I am going to discuss one of the four stages that is known as the Concrete Operational Stage. There is no better device for demonstrating the school-aged child’s capacity for distinguishing between appearance and reality than Piaget’s classic conservation tasks. By age 6, most children have begun to show some signs of the concrete operational stage, which is Piaget’s third stage of cognitive development, during which children construct schemes that enable them to think logically about objects and events in the real world. And the children can quickly figure out that a lump of clay has the same mass no matter how its appearance is changed. Thus, this stage is devoted to the construction of schemes that enable children to think logically about objects and events in the world.
Piaget recorded intellectual abilities and development in infants, children, and teens. The four different stages of Piaget’s developmental stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Sensorimotor is from birth up to twenty- four months of age. Preoperative toddlerhood includes children from eighteen months old all the way to early childhood, seven years of age. Operational is from the age of seven to twelve.
Next is the concrete operational stages which continues between the ages of seven and twelve. Children see the world from a less egocentric point of view as they begin to see the world in relation to others. Through the use of manipulatives children are able to begin thinking logically. It is imperative that students are offered opportunities to interact with their environment and construct new
Piaget theorised that children’s thinking goes through changes at each of four stages (sensory, motor, concrete operations and formal operations) of development until they can think and reason as an adult. The stages represent qualitatively different ways of thinking, are universal, and children go through each stage in the same order. According to Piaget each stage must be completed before they can move into the next one and involving increasing levels of organisation and increasingly logical underlying structures. Piaget stated that the ‘lower stages never disappear; they become inte... ...
“The influence of Piaget’s ideas in developmental psychology has been enormous. He changed how people viewed the child’s world and their methods of studying children. He was an inspiration to many who came after and took up his ideas. Piaget's ideas have generated a huge amount of research which has increased our understanding of cognitive development.” (McLeod 2009). Piaget purposed that we move through stages of cognitive development. He noticed that children showed different characteristics throughout their childhood development. The four stages of development are The Sensorimotor stage, The Preoperational Stage, The Concrete operational stage and The Formal operational stage.
The theory of cognitive development also happens in stages. Piaget believes that children create schemata to categorize and interpret information. As new information is learned, schemata are adjusted through assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is when information is compared to what is already known and understand it in that context. Accommodation is when schemata is changed based on new information. This process is carried out when children interact with their environment. Piaget’s four stages include sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.Sensorimotor happens between the ages of 0-2, the preoperational stage happens between the ages of 2-6. The concrete operational stage happens between the ages of 7-11, the formal operational stage happens between ages 12 and up. During the first stage, children develop object permanence and stranger anxiety, the second stage includes pretend play and egocentrism language development. The third stage includes conservation and mathematical transformations, the last stage includes abstract logic and moral
Children’s from this stage remain egocentric for the most part but to begin to internalize representations. (Piaget, 1999). Concrete operational stage is children to age seven to eleven. They develop the ability to categorize objects and how they relate to one another. A child’s become more mastered in math by adding and subtracting. If a child eat one brownie out of a jar containing six. By doing the math there would be 5 brownies left by counting the remaining brownies left in the jar because they are able to model the jar in their
Following the pre-operational stage, children progress to the concrete operational stage. Piaget considered this third stage to be a pivotal moment in cognitive development as it marks the beginning of logical thought. Building upon their previous understanding of transformation, children grasp the idea of conservation, which states that regardless of how the physical characteristics of an object change, its
Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development suggests that children have four different stages of mental development. The main concept of Jean Piaget’s theory is that he believes in children being scientists by experimenting with things and making observations with their senses. This approach emphasizes how children’s ability to make sense of their immediate everyday surroundings. Piaget also proposed that children be perceived to four stages based on maturation and experiences.
Piaget created four stages of cognitive development, those being the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage and the last stage which is the formal operational stage (Nagel & Scholes, 2016). In the first stage of development, which is birth to two, Piaget believed that children develop the skills to be able to understand the world through their senses and develop object permanence at the later end of this stage, it is also in this stage that children begin to develop their own concept of language (Nagel & Scholes, 2016). Piaget’s theory of cognitive develop states that it is within the preoperational stage, from 2 to 7 years old, that children develop the skills to be able to form language and other symbol systems, and can start thinking logically (Nagel & Scholes, 2016). Children in this stage have the ability to use intuition and problem solving, and use sounds, signals and begin using words within their vocabulary successfully (Nagel & Scholes, 2016). The preoperational stage is the ideal stage for parents to be involved in their children’s literacy and numeracy development (Nagel & Scholes, 2016; Skwarchuk et al.,