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Brief overview of literature on hand hygiene
Literature review of good hand hygiene
Literature review of good hand hygiene
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This literature review will analyze and critically explore four studies that have been conducted on hand hygiene compliance rates by Healthcare workers (HCWs). Firstly, it will look at compliance rates for HCWs in the intensive care units (ICU) and then explore the different factors that contribute to low hand hygiene compliance. Hospital Acquired infections (HAI) or Nosocomial Infections appear worldwide, affecting both developed and poor countries. HAIs represent a major source of morbidity and mortality, especially for patients in the ICU (Hugonnet, Perneger, & Pittet, 2002). Hand hygiene can be defined as any method that destroys or removes microorganisms on hands (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). According to the World Health Organization (2002), a HAI can be defined as an infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. The hands of HCWs transmit majority of the endemic infections. As …show more content…
Interestingly, two studies of the four compared the compliance rates of HCWs in particular nurses and physicians. Sharma, Puri, Sharma, & Whig (2011) found in their study that compliance rates for hand hygiene protocols was significantly higher for physicians (50.8%) as a opposed to nurses (41.3%). In contrast, Mathai, George, & Abraham (2011) had conflicting findings in which higher compliance rates were associated with nurses (45%) in comparison to physicians (17%). Both studies had similar sample sizes and were investigated in developing countries India and Pakistan; nonetheless, language barriers and varying educational levels of different staff groups, may have influenced the understanding of the need for effective hand hygiene (Mathai et al., 2011). Of four studies, three were observational studies, which provide opportunity to question the rigour of the
Washing your hands properly with soap is one of the most important things you can do to reduce the number of germs, or infections you can spread. The issue that needs to be addressed, is how can we promote good hand washing habits efficiently, to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. For this reason, Kohler will be introducing the “Hygieia” in Q3 of 2016. The Hygieia is a hands free motion detecting sink that dispenses water, and soap simultaneously.
Four body fluids that would be considered biohazardous waste are blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and cerebral spinal fluid.
“The CDC is the primary developer of national infection control and prevention guidelines, often in collaboration with its Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, which is responsible for research and dissemination of the latest information for preventing disease transmission” (Griffis, 2013, p. 175). Infection control will continue to be a topic of discussion as long as germ transmission is still happening. Among these studies is the concern the frequent nonadherence to contact precautions is a huge issue that many studies are still very concerned about (Jessee & Mion, 2013, p. 966). The writer is also concerned with the blatant disregard for hand hygiene that appears to be happening in the medical field. What about what is best for the patient. Do the people that do not use proper hand hygiene not understand how important it
When overcoming concerns and challenges of the current state of hand hygiene compliance, many new strategies must be implemented to promote and progress hand hygiene behavior. One strategy is to continue to observe nurses using recommended practice using multimodal and multidisciplinary technology. Another strategy to increase compliance exists in making hand hygiene an essential part of nursing culture and creating an institutional priority where administrations provide appropriate support and financial resources (Pfoh, Dy, & Engineer, 2013).
The focus of health care is and has always been, practicing good hygiene, living a healthy lifestyle, and having a positive attitude reduces the chance of getting ill. Although there is not much prevention we can take for some of the diseases but we can certainly practice good hand hygiene to prevent infection and its ill effects. Research proves that hand washing is surely the most easy and effective way to prevent infection in health care. The question for this research: Is Hand washing an effective way to prevent infection in health care? It led to the conclusion that due to the high acuity, high patient: staff ratio, and lack of re evaluation certain units in the health care facilities cannot adhere to correct hand washing guidelines. Hand
The internal validity is, that because nurse know they are being observed they will be more cautious on how they perform all types of procedures and not just hand washing. If the nurses are more cautious than this can have an effect on the results. Because nurses are being more cautious that might be another factor on why the numbers of hospital acquired infections are reducing. The external validity in this study is the population’s age group. This study will focus on patients ages 40-60. Because a specific age group is being studied it is not known whether this method will have the same effect on the other different age groups.
The child care centre owners and staff play an significant role in protecting children from, and minimizing the impact of infection and illness. The follow their preventive measures to maintain the health status of children’s. Child care centers need good controls and help reduce the number of infections. A good infection control programs is one that everyone follows all the time. Training is given to owners and workers to consider the approach becomes normal team. The child care centre team establish some guidelines and procedures for workers, public, and parents of children’s which are as follows:
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a major threat to patient safety at a global level. Hand hygiene is a most important measure that reduces hospital-acquired infections and improves patient safety (World Health Organisation, 2009). Although many hand hygiene initiatives, programs, policies and evidence-based guidelines are developed worldwide, some programs are facing challenges regarding compliance. For example, the “Bare Below the Elbow (BBE)” policy in the United Kingdom, imposes various restrictions on clothing and accessories for healthcare workers (HCWs) during their clinical activity. This essay will use current literature regarding the BBE policy and argue that BBE improves hand hygiene, which is essential for good infection control practice. This is demonstrated by five randomised, controlled studies that evaluate bacterial transmission, handwashing efficacy and patient perception regarding BBE attire.
Sarah Winship, RN, MN and Patricia McClunie-Trust RN, Ph.D. collaborated on the article, "Factors Influenced Hand Hygiene Compliance among Nurses: An Integrative Review," in 2016. The focus of the article is to discuss the affiliation between hospital-acquired infections and hand hygiene. (Winship, S. & McClunie-Trust, P., 2013). When a patient experiences a hospital-acquired infection, this puts the hospital into a financial burden because it increases the patient's stay and the insurance does not cover these additional costs; consequently the hospital picks up the expense. Due to increasing rates of infection, more patients are becoming resistant to antibiotics, and the patients who are more vulnerable this problem can lead to death. The problem of hand hygiene is a worldwide which can be easily prevented by nurses who wash their hands with soap and water or by using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
Our bodies are ecosystems that have evolved over time to deal with a variety of infectious agents and microorganisms, such as worms and other parasites. The hygiene hypothesis states that although we have shifted rapidly into a clean, modern and civilized state, our bodies have not yet adapted, and our immune system is responding inappropriately with an increased susceptibility to allergies and autoimmune diseases.
Teamwork- All participant's in this scenario failed to adequately communicate their concerns not only to one another, but they didn't use their critical thinking, they doubted their gut. Worst of all they didn't speak up! What need's to be known is that questioning certain things is a must when it comes to doing what's best for each patient. Proper critical thinking includes the ability to question care and follow the right paths to ensure that wellness/health remains intact.
This essay critically examines the relationship between interventions and the dubious increase in hand hygiene compliance by healthcare professionals by using the framework of evidence-based practice to evaluate previous literature, identify barriers, and note mechanisms used to measure effectiveness of interventions. The systematic review, Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care, conducted by the Cochrane Collaboration investigated innovations to improve hand hygiene compliance within patient care. The review included 2 original studies with an additional two new studies (Gould & Moralejo et al., 2010). Throughout the review, it was affirmed that while hand hygiene is an indispensable method in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections (HAI), the compliance among nurses’ is inadequate. Nurses are identified within the public as dependable and trustworthy in a time of vulnerability due to their specialised education and skills (Hughes, 2008).
Medical asepsis plays an integral role in infection control within a health care facility. It includes procedures used to decrease and prevent direct contact with blood or bodily fluids and emphasizes keeping the environment clean on a regular basis (Curchoe, Astle, & Hobbs, 2014). In order to achieve optimal health, individuals depend on practices and techniques that control and ultimately prevent the transmission of infection. These practices and techniques can help avoid the transmission of infections by creating an environment that protects both health care workers and patients from communicable diseases. Good hand hygiene has been stressed as the single most important measure to prevent cross-infection to patients in health care facilities
“Researchers in London estimate that if everyone routinely washed their hands, a million deaths a year could be prevented” (“Hygiene Fast Facts”, 2013, p. 1). Hands are the number one mode of transmission of pathogens. Hands are also vital in patient interaction, and therefore should be kept clean to protect the safety of patients and the person caring for the patient. Hand hygiene is imperative to professional nursing practice because it prevents the spread of pathogens, decreases chances of hospital-acquired infections, and promotes patient safety. There is a substantial amount of evidence that shows why hand hygiene is important in healthcare
Why is correct hand washing considered deviant? Hygiene education, for children in first world countries, is focused on proper procedure and how this protects them from germs and the spread of disease. It is ingrained into the minds of preschool children that the most important way they can prevent pathogen contamination is by washing their hands, with soap and water. Yet, even though this is an important habit, a large number of adults never continue with the hand washing techniques they learn in childhood. Through an analysis of the association of contamination in relation to hand washing techniques by female Australian university students, a reason for perceptions of deviance becomes evident. Variables such as social pressure and a strong