1. Electronic sources
Since the beginning of the Internet, everything is accessible with a single click. Because of this, the trustworthiness of electronic sources which are increasingly used by students becomes a major problem. In his publication, “Writing, teaching, and researching history in the electronic age: historians and computers”, J. G. Barlow (1998) compares traditional, printed documents and modern, electronic documents and investigates how electronic sources affect academic work.
Barlow (1998) considers that the sources found on the Internet may be uncertain because it is difficult to asses their origin or their validity. According to the author, “most of the works found in a library have been filtered by multiple levels of authority” (Barlow, 1998, p.206) in order to become a reference. In contrast, electronic sources can be published by no matter whom. Of course, some electronic sources are very well written but they might lack of information about the author. For instance, this is clearly seen on the Wikipedia Encyclopedia. Barlow, denounces how easy is for people to write on the internet and states that as a result, a mistake can be produced which will become a “false truth”. In this way, it is difficult for one to trust them. Barlow also accents that electronic sources can vanish very easy if a web page is deleted. Finally, the writer points out the effect which internet has on academic publications which are apparently diminishing because of economic difficulties (idem, p. 206-2010).
However, the writer proposes solutions in order to use the internet correctly. He proposes that students should learn to distinguish coherent from incoherent sources and to analyze sources in a critical way. This is true, but o...
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I believe that the Schuman Declaration had a great influence on the Treaty of Paris as the main ideas are reproduced in the treaty, which led to the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) on the 18th of April 1951. As the Schuman Declaration, the Treaty of Paris intents at “world peace”, “peaceful relations” and the “establishment of common basement for economic development” which would further lead to a raise in living standards and elimination of “age-old rivalries” (ECSC, 1951, p.3). All these will be associated to a High Authority which will guarantee that all the objectives will be attained (idem, p.14). In other words, the Treaty of Paris is the treaty which Schuman desired in order to put in practice his aims. However, the treaty introduces more precise elements as cultural, environmental and social issues. (Treaty of Paris, 1952)
The internet is a hub of information. It is easy to access this information and resources by simple looking up a simple topic. How much of this information is actually true? In The New Yorker article “The Things People Say” author Elizabeth Kolbert explains the dangers of believing wholeheartedly the information given to us online. She uses logos to prove that the internet can be biased with information through “group polarization” and a site’s inability to upload contradictory information. She fails however with ethos in her paper because she is hypocritical.
The Schuman proposal began various European countries setting up the European Coal and Steal Community (ECSC), this was signed in 1951 by six countries. The countries that initially set up the ECSC were France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands. The idea behind the ECSC was the first serious institutional committee in Europe and was the start of integration, the aim was to provide a common market of coal and steel trade. This meant that each of the states would be able to have access to the various qualities of coal and steel that the members had with no tariff of importing and exporting to the various countries. This let the countries concentrate on their more efficient areas leading to specialisation. The ECSC began the beginning of supranational power because the "High Authority could adopt binding decisions" (1) as elements of decision making were carried out by ECSC committees. A supranational power is where the member state has to abide by the decisions made of the community, as they have power above the national level.
Like Gladwell, Nicholas Carr believes the internet has negative effects. In his article, “Is Google Making Us Stupid”, Carr attempts to show as the internet becomes our primary source of information, it diminishes the ability to read books and extensive research. Carr goes on to give a very well researched account of how text on the internet is designed make browsing fast and profitable. He describes how the design for skimming affects our thinking skills and attention spans. He wraps up his argument by describing what we are losing in the shift toward using the internet as our main information source. Carr suggests the learning process that occurs in extensive research and through reading is lost. While the learning process can be beneficial to scholars and intellectuals, not everyone has the capability to follow through with it. The internet offers an education that anyone can have access to and understand. Also if Carr believes the learning process is better, this option is always available for people who want to learn according to this scholarly principal. However, for the rest of the population the quick and easy access has allowed the average population to become more educated, and to expose themselves to aspects of academia that previously is reserved for
“ Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past.” (32) That is one of the “Ingsoc” parties motto. Some of the characters in 1984, characters spent their days rewriting history to what the party wants, changing history. In today’s world, people depend on the internet, google or yahoo. But can those sources be trusted? Some websites aren’t what you think, like Wikipedia. Anyone can edit an article on Wikipedia, saying false information. So what is true? You will never know because nobody looks at encyclopedias anymore, they look at the internet because its faster. But is it more reliable?
Although the Internet has increased how much we read, it has deteriorated our concentration level. We are no longer able to read long passages and stay interested. We have resorted to skimming or finding a shorter version. It has also affected our ability to take an analytical approach to what we read. We no longer go beyond comprehending the information we take in. Outside of using the Internet to “enhance” our mind, Carr has also made the point that it is a daily involvement. We incorporate it in our everyday lives, because it is a source of entertainment or serves as some type of convenience for us.
(intro) How many bricks are on the Great Wall of China? Who invented the Frisbee? All of this information is quickly found through the use of a search engine. Overuse of the internet as a source of learning, and the lack of the pursuit of knowledge through classic literature is what caused McCullough to state, “ The value of information, facts, figures, and the like, depends on what we make of it-on judgement. But information, let us be clear, isn’t learning” (2008/2012, p. 334). McCullough presents a strong argument on the critical need to love learning, and his use of logos, ethos, and pathos prove effective in his claim that the increasing use of the internet as a source of information,
In recent studies, students have proved their abilities to browse the Web and find information but were unable to effectively judge and process materials intellectually. This problem also follows the unwillingness of students to use purchased technology as a method of expanding their knowledge and instead use it for their own pleasure in communicating with classmates and viewing web posts. Unfortunately, the existence technology in the lives of teenagers is inevitable and must be dealt with in an effective manner to improve rather than reduce mental broadening. The new generation needs to adopt standards of using technology to their advantage instead of wasting valuable
One of the most widely used technologies is the Internet, or also known as the World Wide Web. “In August 1981 about 200 computers hosted Web servers. By July 1998 there were over 36 million Web servers, that are hosts to approximately 150 million people” (Strauss). The Internet proves to be very beneficial to education, since students have unlimited access to millions of websites with tons of information. There are only so many newspapers, journals and magazines that you can find in libraries or subscribe to. Therefore, the Internet offers an unlimited pile of information that students can always have. Moreover, students are enriched with the most current information in any subject, along with regular updates. Students are able to use the Internet anytime of day, as long as they have a computer at hand. The research process will not have to end when the school day is over (Wissick, 82).
To explore this further, one can argue that the rapidness and fluid quality of the internet, and the way it is able to provide us with information has made our process of digesting information just as rapid and passive. As McFarlane also mentions, it seems quantity and efficiency is valued more over quality and effectiveness in our day (McFarlane 2). In other words, the amount of information that is accessible to us contradicts the depth of our understanding of it. Moreover, the constant distraction, which is also one of the consequences of the internet, makes us passive against the information we receive, and changes how we decode and remember that information. We rely on finding relevant information at the click of a button, rather than properly building our knowledge and processing them through to our memory (Sparrow et al.).
...arena. 500 years ago there was a shift from transcription of texts by hand to a much more efficient process of duplication. The internet has made strides in making the printed book obsolete in the same way. More and more people are retiring their old encyclopedias in exchange for the internet’s fast and broader database of information. The comparison between the printing press and the internet highlights the pattern in which history unfolds. Rufus Historie is famously quoted for saying, “History follows a pattern of events that recur in different eras.” It is true. New inventions evolve and replace the old, the new inventions too become dated and are replaced by something newer. The pattern present in the evolution of handwritten texts to the printing press to the internet represents the cycle of human technological advancement; out with the old, in with the new.
Now that we are living in an ever changing world, technology is viewed as the most resourceful tool in keeping up with the pace. Without the use of technology, communication would be limited to using mail for delivery and encyclopedias for research. Although technology has improved the way we communicate and find information for research, the information is not always valid. Unfortunately, for those of us who use the internet for shopping, research, or reading articles of personal interest the information is not treated the same as a your magazine or book. While such literature is reviewed by an editorial staff, internet literature or information can be published by anyone. In order to reap the full benefit of having the use of technology for any purpose, there are five basic criteria’s one must keep in mind as an evaluating tool for deciding whether or not the particular website is a reliable source for information.
The objective of this essay is to compare Internet research with other sources of information which include books, word of mouth and primary research. This paper will also look at ways of ascertaining the validity of research information for academic work.
Over the years it has been seen that education has taken up several forms. With the advent of technology, education has also been integrated with technology. Previously it was seen that education was achieved through written forms of paper with pen or pencil. The use of pen and pencil can be dated back to the Roman Empire. However, with the developing pace the traditional means of attaining education are changing. The introduction of information technology has brought forth a new way of learning through the internet. E-learning is the new form of education introduced by IT which helps people to attain knowledge through the use of their computers. A portal is introduced by the use of information technology which the students are able to access and to take tests. However, this new technology also brings with it other ethical issues of plagiarism and social contact. Online education is an inadequate alternative for traditional, classroom-based teaching for several reasons: there is no interactive communication between the student and the instructor, potential employers do not value online course work, class offerings are limited, instructor feedback to the student might be delayed for days, and group projects are nonexistent.
Technology has had a large impact on the field of education. The proliferation of multimedia resources and limitless amounts of information available through the Internet has fundamentally affected the learning process. Students no longer search through cards and stacks for magazine articles; almost everything is at the click of a finger. Multimedia resources are increasingly utilized in the classroom to help instruct students. Some professors are making conscious efforts to use new technology, so as to introduce and familiarize their students with it. The significance of technology in education is now being elevated to a new plateau. Education through the Internet, the great equalizer, may make it more widely distributed through the phenomenon of online courses. It is the thesis of this paper that online courses are not an effective means to educate traditional undergraduate college aged students (people from 18-22 years old).
The particular importance of networked textuality—that is, textuality written, stored, and read on a computer network—appears when technology transforms readers into reader-authors or “wreaders,” because any contribution, any change in the web created by one reader, quickly becomes available to other readers. This ability to write within a particular web in turn transforms comments from private notes, such as one takes in margins of ones’ own copy of a text, into public statements than, especially within educational settings, have powerfully democratizing effects (Landow 14).