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Social interaction plays a very important role in cognitive development
Erikson's Development theory
Erikson's Development theory
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Social and environmental variables affect cognitive development. Cognitive development focuses on the person’s ability to intellect, perceive and process information. (35589) defined the cognitive ability as the process in which people learn, think and use language; it is the progression of their mental capacity from being irrational to rational (35589). Piaget and Vygotsky are two cognitive theorists whom were interested in the cognitive development of a person across their life span and its relation with social and environmental factors. Piaget is the most known cognitive theorist who affected the world of psychology greatly, and was a great influence to many psychologists out there; however his main intention was the innate maturity process and, unlike Vygotsky, he underestimated the role of language and social interaction and his theory wasn’t useful in the teaching field. However, both theorists believed that a person goes through a sequential process during their development. They were also both aware that one gains knowledge through experience and not through passive learning. Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory was his main focus and it helped him make sense of a person’s cognitive development through the way they interaced with others and emphasised on one’s social interaction (blabla). Vygotsky focused on how learning consisted of gathering knowledge and skills from the social community and the different attractions a person observes (v2); a process known as internationalization. His theory was based on two key concepts, first that knowledge can be developed through the experiences a child lives (v1), and an example would be a child seeing his parents arguing over their beliefs; he’d learn how he should have his own belief... ... middle of paper ... ...s in and the way he’s thinking could benefit the nurse in knowing how to deal with that patient, what they would understand and the way they think of things. Knowing all of that would aid the nurse in all stages of Tanner’s model especially during observation where she needs to talk with the patient and understand what they’re going through, and through responding which requires you to take the right choice and deal with the patient in a way you can benefit them and help them. In accordance to Erikson’s developmental framework, nurses are required to understand each developmental stage. Erikson added that nurses can play a crucial role in enhancing a person's development by understanding his developmental stage. Moreover, supporting and encouraging the individual’s behaviour can strengthen his beliefs and solve his developmental issues. (Concept growth)
In chapter one, cognitive development was briefly discussed and now in chapter 5 it goes a little deeper. One of the first names that comes to mind when thinking of cognitive development is Piaget. Piaget’s theory is described as constructivist view to cognitive development. A constructivist view is that people create or “construct” their own view and knowledge of the world by the information they already know. They view life through the experiences and knowledge they already obtain. The essential building block to Piaget’s theory is schemes which are patterns of physical or mental action. Throughout life people just build on the schemes when they experience something new they relate it an old experience. An example would be an animal that
In this assignment the writer will compare and contrast the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky. To begin, the writer will discuss Piaget's theory of cognitive development, followed by Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development. The writer will then discuss any implications of Piaget's and Vygotsky's models for teaching and learning in the school years. In order to do this she will compare the two theories and look at any relevant evidence and research. After comparing both theories of cognitive development, the writer will do a brief summary of the two theories. Concluding her findings and how the two theories contrast each other.
Nursing in this theory is described as an art that helps individuals who are in need of health care, and goals are attained threw following a series of steps in a pattern. The nurse and the patient have to work together threw this process to achieve said goals. The Theory of Interpersonal Relations is a process that starts with the roles of the nurse, and those roles began with the nurse as a stranger, teacher, resource person, counselor, surrogate and leader (Nursing Theories, 2012). The theory begins with the role of the stranger, which is defined as the introductory phase and is an environment where about the patient is meeting the nurse and developing a trusting relationship. The nurse as a teacher allows the nurse to provide knowledge and information on a particular interest while the resource person provides specific information to a problem or situation. As counselors the nurses help to make life decisions and provides guidance. The surrogate role acts as an advocate on the patients’ behalf, while the role of the leader has the nurse assuming most of the responsibility to help patients meet treatment
Methods and approaches to teaching have been greatly influenced by the research of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Both have contributed to the field of education by offering explanations for children's cognitive learning styles and abilities. While Piaget and Vygotsky may differ on how they view cognitive development in children, both offer educators good suggestions on how to teach certain material in a developmentally appropriate manner.
Leo Vygotsky was born in 1896 and died at the young age of 37, so a lot of his theories are incomplete simply because he hadn’t had the time to do the research. His theory is a cultural- historical theory, the main focal point of the theory is the role of culture and social interactions the child has with others which able him/her to develop. The first main assumption of Vygotsky’s theory is that when a child communicates with an adult, the adult is able to channel how their culture thinks and feels about the world on to the child. An example of this from my own experience is that with no conversation with any adult, me being a child had no idea about food and how food differs from country to county until it was explained to me. As a child my parents would often explain what types of food belong to our country and what different types of food belong to other countries as well as where the specific foods came from. From having types of food explained to me from an adult, only then I began to understand our food culture. Vygotsky would explain this by me developing an understanding of food because of knowledge that someone else is reflecting on to
Cognition is the process involved in thinking and mental activity, such as attention, memory and problem solving. In this essay on cognitive development I will compare and contrast the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky, who were both influential in forming a more scientific approach to analyzing the cognitive development process of the child active construction of knowledge. (Flanagan 1996 P.72). I will then evaluate the usefulness of these theories in understanding a child's development.
Vygotsky believed that children developed by what belief and culture they brought up in. He strongly believed that children would learn more from hand on experience and that children would develop better with people around them so they were continuously socialising and communicating.
During the journey from helpless infancy to autonomy and mastery of their own particular universe, children undergo a unique developmental trajectory during which several cognitive abilities emerge. Due to this trajectory being rather time-consuming, with pre-natal beginnings and lasting throughout one’s life span, many have argued faster cognitive maturation would be evolutionary beneficial. In this essay, I will discuss the consequences of shorter development period on cognitive development and mature cognition by arguing that prolonged cognitive immaturity in terms of metacognition, brain plasticity and executive function has a specific adaptive role.
Piaget versus Vygotsky: Similarities and Differences This paper explores the ideas of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Exploring their philosophies and how they impact us today. The two scholarly articles show similarities and differences in their works and explore what they each mean. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two of the most influential philosophers in the field of cognitive development.
Huitt, W., & Hummel, J. (2003). Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Retrieved November 24th, 2017 from http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/piaget.html
Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two very well-known theorists who emphasized the development of cognition in their theories. In Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental theory, he claimed that children go through a series of stages, which he used to describe human development. In Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory of Learning, he believed culture and social interaction played a role in cognitive development. Although Piaget and Vygotsky both focused their theories on cognitive development they take different stances a series of developmental issues. This paper will look at the similarities and differences between these theorist’s views on critical developmental issues, such as view of human nature, mechanisms of development, and their
Knowledge can be seen as the main focus of nursing qualities as it is a lifelong skill that is learned throughout a nurse’s career. In nursing, knowledge can be classified as theoretical or practice-based. Practice-based knowledge is attained through the nurse-patient encounter. According to Mantzoukas and Jasper (2008), a nurse’s nonverbal and verbal communication exhibits the nurse’s practice- based knowledge. When nurses demonstrate appropriate communication patients feel understood and comfortable within the relationship. It is difficult for a nurse to obtain this knowledge without taking an autonomous and individual approach for each patient (Mantzoukas & Jasper, 2008). Taking an autonomous approach allows for the nurse’s critical thinking to improve as well. Good critical thinking skills increases the chances of achieving desired patient outcomes as the nurse is able to analyze the situation effectively. Theoretical knowledge is acquired through education. This type of knowledge is expressed through what nurses know and the logical information the nurse possess in relation to their practice. Theoretical knowledge is also important as it makes the nurse competent and capable of carrying out simple tasks. From the coat of arms, it is evident that knowledge is a unifying quality that is the foundation for acquiring other qualities necessary for
Vygotsky was a soviet psychologist from 1896-1934. He mainly contributed in the developmental psychology by proposing on theory that connects to the children development. He proposed a theory on the development or higher cognitive functions especially in the children, which he saw the emergence of some reasoning form the practical activities that children are participating in the social environment, especially through playing (Jones, & Reynolds, 1992). He has had many arguments in aligning to reasoning and cognitive development, the first in the earlier stages being the argument that, reasoning development is mediated by the symbols and signs that a person sees in everyday life. This means, they are connected very
In terms of the cognitive development perspective, Swiss Psychologist Jean Piaget, was extremely interested in how children acquire knowledge and come to understand their world and his theories form the basis of the cognitive approach (Joyce and Weil, 1996; Heo et al., 2011). Piaget asserts that “language is a product of intelligence, rather than intelligence being a product of language” (Piaget, 1929) and he explains children 's language acquisition by using four stages of cognitive development and his theories offer a crucial theoretical basis in terms of intellectual maturation (Heo et al., 2011). Piaget contends that children form schema, or cognitive structures, through which individuals
Piaget And Vygotsky are two new psychologist that forces on the influential theory of cognitive development. Cognitive development is the growth of mental abilities from early childhood to the adult age. This process can help children learn about life skills and language to have a better cognitive development. They both took roles in children, roles of people in society to develop different skills. Both theories affect education in various ways for substantial growth. In this essay, I will focus on the difference in each approach, similarities and gain the better understanding of each theory standpoint.