Essay On Breast Cancer

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INTRODUCTION:
The term “breast cancer” refers to a malignant tumor that has developed from cells in the breast. Usually breast cancer either begins in the cells of the lobules, which are the milk-producing glands, or the ducts, the passages that drain milk from the lobules to the nipple. Less commonly, breast cancer can begin in the stromal tissues, which include the fatty and fibrous connective tissues of the breast.
In India, 144,937 women were newly detected with breast cancer and 70,218 women died of breast cancer in 2012. For every 2 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, one lady is dying of it. Incidence of breast cancer has also increased from 25.9% in the year of 2008 to 27% in 2012.In the year 2012, there were about 2, 32,000 breast cancer cases reported in the US, whereas in India, 1,45,000 new cases were diagnosed. This implies that, though, because of India's population, the percentage of total women affected seems less, the breast cancer burden in India has almost reached about 2/3rds of that of the US and is steadily rising. For the years 2015, there will be an estimated 1, 55,000 new cases of breast cancer and about 76000 women in India are expected to die of the disease.
Best “treatment” of cancer is preventing its occurrence in the first place or detecting it early when it may be most treatable. Mammogram screening is the best way of testing breast cancer in persons who do not have any symptoms of a cancer but are at high risk for breast cancer [23]. A mammogram helps to reveal irregularities and help to detect breast cancer early before they can be felt when it is most treatable.
Nowadays Digital mammography takes an electronic image of the breast and stores it directly in a computer. Digital mammography us...

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...sue. A_1765_1.RIGHT_MLO has oval shape mass with obscured margin and found as benign in pathology report. Malignant masses are ill-defined due to the presence of infiltrating cancer spread. In architectural distortion outline of the tissue is distorted. It could be lobular invasive carcinoma or benign disease (C_0020_1.RIGHT_CC) due to radial scar following surgery or biopsy.

CONCLUSION:
The proposed multimodel segmentation was tested with almost all combination of mass shapes and margins in CC and MLO views and the segmented abnormal region was verified with ground truth table images in which abnormality marked by radiologist in the DDSM database. Further feature extraction methods and classifier has to be developed for fully automated diagnosis CAD system. Further study has to be carried out to test the algorithm for the segmentation of micro calcifications.

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