Essay On Aquifer

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Introduction: It is expected that as populations and economies of coastal regions grow and as the climate changes, there will be a greater demand for public supply of water. Exploitation of available water sources will therefore increase in order to meet these increasing demands, thus all responsible people to supply, oversee, and regulate public utilities must ensure the correct use and exploitation of hydraulic resources. Since surface water has been severely contaminated and diminished in certain regions, and treatment of these waters is costly, some utility providers find exploitation of groundwater to be an efficient source. Aquifers are the primary structures for storage and transportation of groundwater in all regions, including inland and coastal. What differentiates an inland aquifer from a coastal aquifer is that the later interacts with the ocean on the surface as well as underground. Freshwater coastal aquifers ultimately recharge at the ocean and therefore the interactions can cause the freshwater aquifer to be affected by the ocean as well as its saltwater aquifer. Given that inappropriate uses of the coastal aquifers could result in irreversible damage to a point of complete deterioration and inability to use an aquifer due to public safety concerns, there is a necessity for methodologies and strategies for more appropriate uses of water resources in a way that is in harmony with the physical and the socioeconomic environment. The tools for modeling to quantitatively measure the supply of available groundwater will facilitate the creation of management plans that will permit a more correct management in order to stabilize economic growth, population growth and make sure it will be in par with sustainability and avai...

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...ter to replace freshwater.
5. Dissolution of groundwater from evaporate materials incorporated in the stratigraphic column. Intense pumping may induce leachate of salts contained in zones of low permeability.
6. Displacement of groundwater contained in deeper aquifers. The upward movement of groundwater containing a high salt content from deep confined aquifers to more shallow aquifers can cause the increase in salinity.
7. Infiltration of sewage water or irrigation water for domestic or industrial use infused with dissolved salts.
8. Infiltration of brackish water from estuaries or artificial canals may be a source of salinity. In this case, there may be 3 types of water interacting in the same aquifer.
9. Brackish water, brine, or chlorinated water may be trapped in a geological medium may be mixed with water closer to the surface, given the right conditions.

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