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How can we prevent bullying
Putting a stop to bullying
How can we prevent bullying
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Introduction
“…Your children who have ridiculed me, who have chosen not to accept me, who have treated me like I am not worth their time are dead...” –excerpt from Eric Harris Manifesto, 1 of 2 Columbine High School Shooters.
Craig and his colleagues (2009) report that School bullying is a worldwide phenomenon that is threatening the livelihood of the youth when they step onto a school campus. Tragic events over the last 20 years have thrown bullying prevention and mental health into the spotlight. Article 1 of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) states “human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood” (UDHR, 1948). Furthermore, Article 26 states “Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace (UDHR, 1948). However, that is not the case for several individuals because of bullying in schools.
Bullying can effect both bullies and victims, causing them depression and anxiety (Schneider, O'Donnell, Stueve & Coulter, 2012). This psychological distress from bullying can lead to self-harm, including suicide attempts or ideation (Schneider, O'Donnell, Stueve & Coulter, 2012) and homicide (Robers, Zhang, Truman, Department of Justice, & National Center for Education Statistics 2012). Furthermore, lower academic performance and risk of drop out have been associated with bullying (Nansel, Overpeck, Ruan, S...
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...ers from diverse cliques, groups, and teams within the school. Prospective Ambassadors are identified at the beginning of the school year through student and staff surveys based on position and influence in their peer group, good communication skills, loyalty to peer group, and an ability to discern right from wrong. Ambassadors are trained to intervene when they see bullying and mistreatment among their peers. Those who choose to participate are selected and trained by a program coordinator to serve as Ambassadors throughout the school year. Ambassadors participate in a 2-day training along with several adult volunteers recruited from the school or community, who serve as their mentors. During the training, students learn about the problem and recognition of mistreatment, the importance of relationships and learn specific actions to intervene in times of conflict.
Harris was “the callously brutal mastermind” while Klebold was the “quivering depressive who journaled obsessively about love and attended the Columbine prom three days before opening fire” (Columbine High School, History). On an article published by Cullen on Slate.com, it reveals the true motivation and meaning behind the actions of Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold.
Bullying has become a major problem facing the United States today. The American Psychological Association reports that roughly 40% to 80% of children are involved in bullying on some level during their time in school. (APA, 2014) The magnitude of the problem can be observed in the statistics. In the United States, a total of 4,080,879 children between the ages of five and 18 have been the victims of bullying compared to 3,892,199 who have reported that they have engaged in bullying someone else. Additionally, 851,755 said that they have been both the victim and the bully. That's a whopping 8,824,833 people in the United States that have been involved in bullying behavior on one level or another. (High, B., 2000 Census)
“People are so unaware...well, Ignorance is bliss I guess… that would explain my depression.” (Klebold, Dylan). With that sentence, I divulged myself into the most horrendous, sad journal I have ever read, hoping to gain some insight into a disturbed young man’s mind. On April 20th, 1999, Dylan Klebold accompanied his friend, Eric Harris, in one of the most publicized and shocking school shootings of the modern day--The Columbine Massacre. With their sawed-off shotguns and godlike dispositions, the boys exacted their revenge not only on their peers, but on themselves. As the nightmare collapsed, and thirteen people lay dead, the questions began. How could two boys so young commit this crime? What forced them to be this way? For the Klebold family, one question remained: How had Dylan become involved in one of the crimes of the century?
The Columbine Shootings were one of the greatest tragedies that the nineties faced; and changed the world that was once known. The fault for this tragedy falls on popular culture, moral climate, and the parents of the shooters; not the shooters themselves. Society has greatly affected the minds of the youth, and viewing violence on television, video games, and on the internet, has planted a negative seed of thought in their minds.
On April 20, 1999, within the tiny, suburban city of Littleton, Colorado, two high-school seniors, Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris, enacted a full-scale assault on columbine high school throughout the middle of the school day. The boys' idea was to kill many of their colleagues. With guns, knives, and a large number of bombs, the two boys walked the hallways and killed. Once the day was done, twelve students, one teacher, as well as the two murderers were dead; and 21 of them were wounded. The haunting question remains: why did they decide to do this?
... failing to solve the problem of bullying." International Journal on World Peace 30.2 (2013): 71+. Academic OneFile. Web. 26 Mar. 2014.
A deeper look into the lives of two teenage boys Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold who both
Although there were several situations that occurred as a result of the Columbine High School Shooting, three specific situations were considered the most important. These situations were when the shooting finally ended, arrival time of police, and the days following the massacre. All of these situations resulted in changes to the world.
In the aftermath of the Columbine school massacre in 1999, Marilyn Manson's music was used as a scapegoat for savagery. Lyrics like "You'll understand when I'm dead" (Manson, Antichrist Superstar) were damned by the media. Michael Moore, a documentary filmmaker, asked Manson what he would say to the shooters. Contrary to perception and public image, Manson procured an unprecedentedly insightful response, which was, "I wouldn't say a single word to them. I would listen to what they have to say, and that's what no one did" (Moore, Bowling for Columbine). Seventeen years after Columbine, Manson's sentiments remain as sonorous and relevant a clarion call as when they were first uttered, evidenced by the fact that there are more mass shootings in
Bullying is a growing concern in a society where status and exercising power over another human being are increasingly important in developing one’s social circles. Dan Olweus (Norwegian researcher and founder of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program) defines it as an “aggressive behaviour that is intentional and that involves an imbalance of power. Most often, it is repeated over time” (Violencepreventionworks.org). School victimization is an especially delicate matter that has only really been in the public eye for the past half century, as more and more researchers and psychologists pointed out its short- and long-term negative effects on targeted individuals. It has since been widely investigated and numerous programs have been developed in an effort to address and prevent the many forms of bullying that exist today. The negative effects of such an abusive behaviour are various and can greatly differ from individual to individual. However, there are three main consequences that can be associated with school bullying, which are: school avoidance, depression/anxiety and even suicidal attempts.
Bullying has been around for decades and yet it is still a reoccurring problem, and it is only getting worse. The National Center for Educational Statistics, in 2009, said nearly 1 in 3 students between the ages of 12 and 18 reported being bullied in school. Eight years earlier, only 14 percent of that population said they had experienced bullying(Ollove,2014). There are two types of bullying the direct form and indirect form, in the direct form the victim receives physical harm example kicking pushing shoving. In the indirect form the victim receives emotional or mental harm by name-calling, rejection, gossip, threats, or insults(Green,2007). It doesn’t matter which way the victim was bullied it still causes
In today’s world there are many laws that have been established in order to protect everyday civilians from being harmed or robbed of their possessions or piece of mind. However, in school, children play by different rules. Rules do not seem as imperative as say a law being broken. For example, imagine if it did not matter what the robber stole, but how much he took that lets him off the hook. One would still be upset that his valuables were interfered with without permission. This scenario can be compared to bullying and how adults sometimes overlook the seriousness of the effects (no matter how big or small) it can have on a student and his or her achievements. Sometimes bullying is acknowledged, but is ultimately cast off as mere “child’s play,” but it can become so much more. A bullying incident does not stop in the school yard simply because a teacher puts an end to it; bullying must be addressed from all angles of parents, guardians, media, and everyday civilians that are children’s immediate examples of proper ways to behave. Again, bullying spans beyond school walls and cannot ultimately be controlled by teacher discipline alone. The effects bullying can have on student achievement may interfere with their life choices, their physical and mental stability, and of course their future behaviors as a reaction to such behavior that was shown to them.
Smokowski, Kopasz (2005) states some of the different short-term effects that bullying has on teens include the following: chronic absenteeism, reduced academic performance, increased apprehension, loneliness, feelings of abandonment, and suicidal ideation (p. 4). When it comes to long-term effects Smokowski (2005) states that at age 23, former victims of bullying become more depressed and have a lower self-esteem compared to young adults that did not experience bullying at a younger age (p. 5). Smokowski (2005) also mentions that as adult’s victims of bullying might experience more struggles in their personal relationships and in extreme cases, some former victims might carry out acts of revenge to the point of murdering former bullies (p. 5). While there are many effects of bullying the most common found are suicide, depression, and an increased risk of mental health related disorders and
Bullying is a devastating issue that threatens the well-being of today’s youth. Those who are most likely at risk are those who; have a learning or physical disability i.g., autism or ADHD, are underweight or overweight, are gay/lesbian/transgendered, or speak a different language. Of course, there are no specific guidelines of who will become victims of bullying. Children who are bullied experience lower self-esteem, greater loneliness, greater anxiety, and more depression in addition to the already stressful adolescent years. The longer the bullying occurs the more profound the symptoms can become. As a low-level, subtle form of violence, bullying creates an unsafe school environment and can lead to more serious types of violence among students (Whitted & Dupper, 2005).
An estimated amount of 160,000 students across the United States misses school each day due to being a victim of bullying. From a present study, 29% of students involved in bullying, 14% of the children were said to be victims, 7% were bullies, and 8% were bullies and victims. The worst type of social behavior stems from bullying, and leads to complications in a student’s future. Bullying is a way of expressing aggressive behavior that is intended, and continues that sometimes leads to physical or mental injuries. Those who are victims of bullying, lack self-esteem, and become easily depressed by small objects. There are four common types of bullying: verbal, physical, relational aggression, and