Equine Infectious Anemia Case Study

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Equine Infectious Anemia is a bloodborne infection. People have played an important role in EIA transmission over the years by using blood-contaminated needles and materials on different horses. EIA is frequently transmitted between horses in close proximity by insects such as horse flies and deer flies. The bites from these flies stimulate a defensive movement by the horse, which results in an interruption of the blood-feeding. When interrupted, the fly is motivated to complete the feeding as soon as possible. It then attacks the same or a second host and feeds to repletion. In this manner, any infective material from the blood of the first host that is present on the mouthparts of the insect can be mechanically transmitted to the second host.

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