Empathy Theory

1282 Words3 Pages

Social interactions are characterized by a fundamental process that allows to understand others ‘sensations by sharing emotions, feelings and beliefs. This ability is called empathy, a controversial and complex “umbrella term” that comprises several elements (Davis et al., 1996). Many researchers are investigating empathy trying to better define it and to decompose its subconstructs (that often overlap between them). A common shared definition suggest that empathy comprises cognitive components like perspective taking, mentalizing or self–other distinction and emotional components such as resonance with the emotions of others and the generation of an appropriate emotional response (Davis, 1996; Decety and Jackson, 2004). In other words, we …show more content…

Most of the time, we react to someone else's physiological pain automatically. For instance, when we are watching a soccer match on the TV and a player distained the knee, we suddenly react with a grimace of pain. Indeed, studies indicate that people who see or imagine others in pain tend to empathically share what others feel at both behavioural and neural levels (Lamm et al., 2011). Empathy implies that we deal with the complex processes that make possible the extraction of sensory and emotional qualities of vicarious pain and map them onto the same neural substrates engaged in the first-hand experience of the same pain. Although studies originally suggested that empathy for pain involves only the anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior insula, i.e., the two main affective nodes of the pain matrix (Singer et al, 2004), subsequent evidence demonstrated that also the regions that are part of the sensory node of the pain matrix, such as the primary somatosensory and motor cortices, play an important role in the basic form of empathy for pain called sensorimotor contagion (Avenanti et al., 2005; Avenanti, Minio Paluello et al., 2006; Lamm & Decety, 2007; Singer et al., 2006, Betti and Aglioti, 2016). Painful stimuli could induce a

Open Document