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Contribution of Emile Durkheim
Durkheim and science and sociology
Contribution of Emile Durkheim
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Emile Durkheim is one of the famous founders of modern sociology. Along with Karl Marx and Max Weber, he is commonly credited as one of the fathers of sociology, perhaps the most important founder of all. He devoted his life to studying sociology and wrote several famous dissertations, establishing still popular sociological theories. His most famous work was arguably Suicide, which studies the difference in suicide rates between Catholics and Protestants. While his research methods and conclusions in Suicide are thoughtful but faulty at best, Durkheim is undeniably a great contributer to the world of sociology. David Emile Durkheim is one of history's best known sociologists. Born in 1858, Durkheim was raised in the small town of Epinal, France to Moise and Melanie Durkheim. Durkheim's family was rabbinical. His father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had all been rabbis, and it seemed all but obvious that Durkheim would follow suit. Instead, he …show more content…
Durkheim was an excellent student at the Collège d'Epinal . It was there that he obtained his baccalauréats in Letters and Sciences, and he distinguished himself in the Concours Général. After his studies at the CollEge d'Epinal, Durkheim decided he wanted to be a teacher and became intent on being admitted to the elite French school Ecole Normale Supérieure . It was there that he was educated by some of the finest teachers, and once again, Durkheim was an excellent student. During his time at Ecole Normale Supérieure Durkheim became involved in philosophical debates and causes. After much hard work, Durkheim passed the examination required in order to teach at French state schools and began teaching philosophy. In 1857, the University of Bordeaux appointed him as Chargé d'un Cours de Science Sociale et de Pédagogi. Durkheim's main responsibility was to lecture on the practice, theory, and history of education
Regardless of his misalignments with the Catholic faith, Emile Durkheim was a brilliant and innovative thinker, who made a change in the way that sociology is viewed today. His work, though a bit outdated, set the stage for countless other sociologist, philosophers, and revolutionaries. He died on November 15, 1917. Before his death he rose to great esteem within the French community. He held numerous important positions, including becoming the Chair of Education and teaching at many distinguished universities.
In 1897, Emile Durkheim (1997) showed that the suicide – perhaps the most personal of all decisions – could be analysed through the conceptual lenses of sociology.
Emile Durkheim was born in 1858 in the region of France known as the Alsace-Lorraine. His father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had all been rabbis, however Durkheim quickly decided against following into the rabbinate early in his youth (Jones 1986). Durkheim excelled in science as a student, however his weakness in studying Latin and rhetoric caused him to fail the entrance exams to Ecole twice before he passed (Jones 1986). Durkheim trained to be a teacher at Ecole, as well as participated in lively debates, in which he advocated for the republican cause (Jones 1986). It was also at this time that Durkheim first read Comte and Spencer (Calhoun 2002). It was partially through these sources that Durkheim came to view social science and culture as an organic whole. Durkheim then went to
Emile Durkheim (1858 - 1917), believed individuals are determined by the society they live in because they share a moral reality that we have been socialised to internalise through social facts. Social facts according to Drukhiem are the “manners of acting thinking
Desfor Edles, Laura and Scott Appelrouth. 2010. “Émile Durkheim (1858-1917).” Pp. 100 and 122-134 in Sociological Theory in the Classical Era. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press.
In sociology, there are three names you will always hear, Marx, Weber, and Durkheim. Each are successful sociologist, they have made many significant contributions to the development of sociology. While all being enlightenment thinkers, each of them have their own distinguish perspective and focuses in their respective theories. Durkheim, a structural functionalist, argued everything in society exist for a purpose, and that society are bounded together by ideas and social unity, social solidarity. Weber focused on rationality and bureaucracy, he believes they are key element to modern society and he is interested to understand how people feel. Marx is primarily study society with economic perspectives, focused heavily on inequality among classes
Emile Durkheim and Max Weber both appealed to me in the reading of chapter 1. They both have similarities and differences on their approaches to sociology. While reading the background of Emile, I found it fascinating how he studied sociology in a way that he put together the individual dimensions and added them together to better understand a society or social group. The case of suicide rates and religion. This one case can be analyzed through other elements, such as careers. For instance, the type of profession can be studied. I am really into statistics and like to break down information. The way he broke down the information to analyze a society or social groups interested me. Max Weber, I chose to write about because I felt he had a refined understanding of his teacher, Karl Marx.
Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, and Max Weber are all important characters to be studied in the field of Sociology. Each one of these Sociological theorists, help in the separation of Sociology into its own field of study. The works of these three theorists is very complex and can be considered hard to understand but their intentions were not. They have their similarities along with just as many of their differences.
Emile Durkheim is another sociologist who used Herbert Spencer’s theory to explain the change in society. He believed that society is a very intricate system of interrelated and interdependent parts that work together to maintain stability (Durkheim 1893). This ensures that the social world is held together by shared values and languages. He wrote the Division of Labor.
The Industrial Revolution, which had people moving to cities for jobs that were often scarce because of the growing population, played a major role in the making of Sociology as a real field of study. Herbert Spencer came up with the phrase “survival of the fittest” which he used to describe the many situations where there would be a shortage of jobs for the large amount of people searching for employment. Also, there was a shortage of homes as well which led to bad living conditions. Along with Spencer, a woman named Harriet Martineau did the first actual study of society and convinced scholars that they needed to make society better, not just study it. Karl Marx saw two sides to society, the capitalists and the workers. He also thought that there would be a day when the workers would get tired of working for the capitalists so they would join together in order to overthrow them. Marx’s theory of different social classes became instrumental in creating a sociological perspective known as the conflict theory. Émile Durkheim created the first Sociology course and he was the first to combine science with sociology. He had a functionalist view of society and believed that every part of society, good or bad, had a purpose in society. Max Weber was different than the sociologists
Emile Durkheim was born in France in April of 1858 and died in November of 1917. He was from a close Jewish community that he continued to be close to even after breaking with the Jewish church. Having come from a long family line of rabbis, he had planned to follow in that profession. Durkheim was known as the Father of Sociology. He was a liberal, a modernist, and a nationalist. He was a very ambitious man; this ambition was illustrated by the accomplishments he made over the course of his life.
Talcott Parsons have some of the same views of sociology as Durkheim, he believed that social life is categorized by social cooperation. Parsons also believed that commitment to common values maintains or...
Comparing Weber's and Durkheim's Methodological Contributions to Sociology This essay will be examining the methodological contributions both Durkheim and Weber have provided to sociology. It will briefly observe what Positivists are and how their methodologies influence and affect their research. It will also consider what interpretative sociology is, and why their type of methodology is used when carrying out research. It will analyse both Durkheim's study of Suicide and also Webers study of The Protestant work ethic, and hopefully establish how each methodology was used for each particular piece of research, and why. Emile Durkhiem, in sociology terminology is considered to be a Functionalist, in addition to also being a Positivist, however, strictly speaking, Durkheim was not a Positivist.
Emile Durkheim was born in the eastern French province of Lorraine on April 15, 1858. He was the s on of a rabbi and descending from a long line of rabbis, he decided early that he would follow the family tradition and become a rabbi himself. He studied Hebrew, the Old Testament, and the Talmud, while following the regular course of in secular schools. He soon turned away from all religious involvement, though purposely not from interest in religious phenomena, and became a freethinker, or non-believer. At about the time of his graduation he decided that he would dedicate himself to the scientific study of society. Since sociology was not a subject either at the secondary schools or at the university, Durkheim launched a career as a teacher in philosophy. Emile Durkheim made many contributions to the study of society, suicide, the division of labor, solidarity and religion. Raised in a time of troubles in France, Durkheim spent much of his talent justifying order and commitment to order. Durkheim was a pioneer French sociologist, taught at Bordeaux (1887-1902) and the University of Paris (1902-17). He introduced the system and hypothetical framework of accurate social science. Durkheim was author of The Division of Labour (1893), Rules of Sociological Method (1895), Suicide (1897), Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1915). Emile Durkheim has often been characterized as the founder of professional sociology. He has a great closeness with the two introductory sociologists, Comte and Saint-Simon. Durkheim willingly noticed the ideas of the Division of Labor and the Biological Analogy.
Durkheim established a goal to solidify Sociology as a scientific body of work, which he ended up doing. The issues addressed by Durkheim is the concept of collective consciousness, social anomie, and collective effervescence. Max Weber's influences came in the form of neo-Kantianism from the likes of