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Ethical aspects of electronic surveillance
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Opinion Editorial-Electronic Government Surveillance
In this world where anyone could be under surveillance at any given moment, personal privacy and the security of information have become one of the greatest and most controversial issues at hand. The burden of having a digital footprint that is fully accessible by the government is a concern for many, and there have been countless debates over whether it is constitutional or not for the government to conduct such intrusive electronic surveillance.
The U.S. government argues that multiple segments of the Constitution give them the authority to conduct mass electronic surveillance over the American population, which is true, but only to a certain extent. What the government intentionally omits
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F. James Sensenbrenner, who helped draft this statute, it was written “to allow the intelligence communities to access targeted information for specific investigations”, but the government is collecting an awfully large amount of information, and it doesn’t take a genius to understand that it simply isn’t possible for each one of these four billion calls to be relevant to specific investigations that all have reasonable suspicion. Therefore, we can conclude that the government’s mass electronic surveillance doesn’t fall underneath the category of being “relevant to a specific case” as they claim it to be, and therefore cannot be treated as an exception or justified as being constitutional through this …show more content…
government’s argument is weak and outdated. Their last-ditch argument is that personal electronic information is not physical property, and is therefore inapplicable to the fourth amendment, which protects the right of “the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated…” However, in 1967, during a Supreme Court case dubbed Katz vs. United States, this notion was overruled, and it was determined that the fourth amendment was intended to protect a person’s sense of privacy, which included electronic property and information obtained without a physical search. This overrules the U.S. government’s argument, and more importantly, proves that electronic property falls under the aegis of the Constitution, and that electronic surveillance is, therefore, without a doubt, a clear violation of the
Communication surveillance has been a controversial issue in the US since the 1920's, when the Supreme Court deemed unwarranted wiretaps legitimate in the case of Olmstead v United States. Since telephone wires ran over public grounds, and the property of Olmstead was not physically violated, the wiretap was upheld as lawful. However, the Supreme Court overturned this ruling in 1967 in the landmark case of Katz v United States. On the basis of the fourth amendment, the court established that individuals have the right to privacy of communication, and that wiretapping is unconstitutional unless it is authorized by a search warrant. [Bowyer, 142-143] Since then, the right to communication privacy has become accepted as an integral facet of the American deontological code of ethics. The FBI has made an at least perfunctory effort to respect the public's demand for Internet privacy with its new Internet surveillance system, Carnivore. However, the current implementation of Carnivore unnecessarily jeopardizes the privacy of innocent individuals.
Taylor, James Stacey. "In Praise of Big Brother: Why We Should Learn to Stop Worrying and Love Government Surveillance." Public Affairs Quarterly July 2005: 227-246.
Edward Snowden is America’s most recent controversial figure. People can’t decide if he is their hero or traitor. Nevertheless, his leaks on the U.S. government surveillance program, PRISM, demand an explanation. Many American citizens have been enraged by the thought of the government tracing their telecommunication systems. According to factbrowser.com 54% of internet users would rather have more online privacy, even at the risk of security (Facts Tagged with Privacy). They say it is an infringement on their privacy rights of the constitution. However, some of them don’t mind; they believe it will help thwart the acts of terrorists. Both sides make a good point, but the inevitable future is one where the government is adapting as technology is changing. In order for us to continue living in the new digital decade, we must accept the government’s ability to surveil us.
The feeling that someone is always watching, develops the inevitable, uncomfortable feeling that is displeasing to the mind. For years, the National Security Agency (NSA) has been monitoring people for what they call, “the greater good of the people” (Cole, February 2014). A program designed to protect the nation while it protects the walls within as it singles people out, sometimes by accident. Whether you are a normal citizen or a possible terrorist, the NSA can monitor you in a variation of ways. The privacy of technology has sparked debates across the world as to if the NSA is violating personal rights to privacy by collecting personal data such as, phone calls and text messages without reason or authorization (Wicker, 2011). Technology plays a key role in society’s day to day life. In life, humans expect privacy, even with their technology. In recent news, Edward Snowden leaked huge pieces from the NSA to the public, igniting these new controversies. Now, reforms are being pressed against the government’s throat as citizens fight for their rights. However, American citizens are slammed with the counterargument of the innocent forte the NSA tries to pass off in claims of good doing, such as how the NSA prevents terrorism. In fear of privacy violations, limitations should be put on the NSA to better protect the privacy of our honest citizens.
Whether the U.S. government should strongly keep monitoring U.S. citizens or not still is a long and fierce dispute. Recently, the debate became more brutal when technology, an indispensable tool for modern live, has been used by the law enforcement and national security officials to spy into American people’s domestic.
Current advancements in technology has given the government more tools for surveillance and thus leads to growing concerns for privacy. The two main categories of surveillance technologies are the ones that allow the government to gather information where previously unavailable or harder to obtain, and the ones that allow the government to process public information more quickly and efficiently (Simmons, 2007). The first category includes technologies like eavesdropping devices and hidden cameras. These are clear offenders of privacy because they are capable of gathering information while being largely unnoticed. The second category would include technologies that are used in a public space, like cameras in a public park. While these devices
Likewise, Beeler used the exaggerated symbolism of eyes intimidatingly watching from every possible angle to represent that all of our actions are witnessed by the government. Alarmingly, with the domineering capacity of the government to spy on civilian lives, this can develop a society consumed of poisoning suspicion with one another. Furthermore, this analogy was highlighted to appeal for a defined boundary that restricts the government to snoop and have access to Americans’ private lives. Significantly, the inclusion of this analogical symbolism was intentionally used to accentuate the government violation of the fourth amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Notably, the fourth amendment states that without a warrant and probable cause or suspicion, the NSA has no power to access and invade a citizen’s privacy. Although government surveillance supporters may argue that the Americans should just cooperate for the greater good to prevent domestic terrorism, they fail to protect individual liberties. Hence, Nate Beeler bestow upon his audience one serious question: Is it acceptable to live in a
It is a well-distinguished fact that the government loves using surveillance – a surveillance’s easy accessibility, regardless of the threat they pose, verifies the government’s love. Surveillance is a part of the government’s life. According to ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union), just six weeks after the September 11 attacks, the government passed quite a lot of legislative acts, such as the USA/Patriot Act, that would allow the government to watch doubtful actions. The act was a revision of the nation's surveillance laws that allowed the government's authority to spy on the citizens. The Patriot Act made it easier for the system to gain access to records of citizens' actions being held by a third party. Similarly, Section 215 of the Patriot Act allowed the FBI to force many people - including doctors, libraries, bookstores, universities, and Internet service providers - to turn in information on their clients (“Surveillance Under the USA PATRIOT Act”).
The critical issue that needs to be addressed in the argument for or against the use of public surveillance system in the USA is which one takes precedence, viz, whether safety of the public and property at large or the invasion of the rights of the individuals who are subjected to some sort of interference in their privacy. In other words, does a citizen have an unfettered right to privacy even when it comes to issues relating to the enforcement of law in prevention of terrorist attacks, crime and restoring security and peace of the citizens at large? I propose to argue in this paper in favor of the need for public surveillance system by advancing the reasons for its imperative and take the view that it does not amount to prima facie violation of individuals' rights and in contravention to the rights guaranteed under the constitution...
It is illegal to make privacy of one's life. Surveillance is a commonplace occurrence in the society today. It exists in every corner of a nation from the corner of streets to discussion topics in movies, lecture halls, theater arenas and books. The privacy word is mentioned many times till its losing taste of its meaning. Surveillance is the exercise of keeping a close watch on something, somebody or set of activities (Richards 56). Many people say that Surveillance is unscrupulous. Nonetheless, we mainly do not distinguish the reason. People only have vague intuition the fact, and this accounts the reason the courts of justice do not protect it or the victim of circumstance of such. We recognize we don’t like it, and by the virtue that it contains something too with privacy, but past that, the revelations can be ambiguous (Boghosian 67). We have been to stay in this state of operation substantially because of the threat of constant Surveillance has been consigned to the realms of scientific studies and fictional activities and moreover to unsuccessful authoritarian states. Nevertheless, these warnings are no longer fictions due to
Domestic Surveillance Citizens feeling protected in their own nation is a crucial factor for the development and advancement of that nation. The United States’ government has been able to provide this service for a small tax and for the most part it is money well spent. Due to events leading up to the terrifying attacks on September 11, 2001 and following these attacks, the Unites States’ government has begun enacting certain laws and regulations that ensure the safety of its citizens. From the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) of 1978 to the most recent National Security Agency scandal, the government has attempted and for the most part succeeded in keeping domestic safety under control. Making sure that the balance between obtaining enough intelligence to protect the safety of the nation and the preservation of basic human rights is not extremely skewed, Congress has set forth requisites in FISA which aim to balance the conflicting goals of privacy and security; but the timeline preceding this act has been anything but honorable for the United States government.
The government’s use of surveillance and metadata collection has greatly increased since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Many Americans feel that this increase in surveillance is violating their privacy rights and the Constitution. The government can, and should, do everything it can to protect the lives and freedoms of its citizens. The National Security Agency is not violating the Constitution by electronically collecting information from American citizens, and the data collection is necessary to keep Americans safe by preventing future terrorist attacks.
There has been a continuous debate on how tightly the government keeps checks on its citizens. The government has a defensive role to play, which is in spying. This has been conducted from the beginning of history and government spends too many resources building and maintaining the capacities to spy. Records of spying stretch too far that spying is frequently considered as the “second oldest profession.” In the holy Bible, Moses was told by God to send twelve spies to Canaan and investigate the Promised Land. However, resources that the governments put to spying are unprecedented. An estimate of $106 billion world’s spending by governments each year goes solely to foreign intelligence (Solove7). In 2010, the spending of the United States on foreign intelligence was at the peak at 80.1 billion, but in 2012, the country spend $75.4 billion more than all other nations combined. Although governments cannot do without spies and expect to remain secure, there is a darker and more sinister picture of spying by the governments, whereby they use spying to control every aspect of individuals’ lives, compelling them to act and think in ways sanctioned by the state. This paper looks at various principles of the US government spying, the morality behind it, and how they are institutionalized. It uses three literatures to compare and contrast issues underlying government spying. They include a tradeoff between privacy and security, use of digital technologies and aerial view of homeland security. The first article is by Best, and it focuses on the use of digital technology as a means of spying. The government uses it for convenient, but they will take away citizens’ privacy. The government should have focused more on persona...
Drawing on the work of Foucault, discuss the claim that ‘we live in a surveillance society’.
Many would argue we are living in a total surveillance society. Understandable, if we take into consideration the explosion of the development of information and communication technologies. This technology is collecting, analysing and intercepting data on an increasingly mass scale whilst government policies such as the controversial 2016 ‘Investigatory Powers Bill’ (Snoopers charter, see: https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/bills/lbill/2016-2017/0066/17066.pdf) allows the expansion of state surveillance to unprecedented levels. Surveillance is omnipotent and unavoidable; participation in social life would be impossible without tech that keeps mass surveillance viable in both the private and the public sphere.