El Castillo Cave:
Thought to hold some of the oldest cave art in Europe, which dates as far back as roughly 40,000 years ago. This site is located in northern Spain in the Puente Viesgo municipality, where a number of other sites were also discovered. This location would have been an ideal hunting environment near the Atlantic coast, and was mostly likely capable of supporting several populations during the Upper Palaeolithic. El Castillo cave contains murals of red ochre disks, hand stencils and abstract art belonging to the Aurignacian period. In addition, it also has depictions of horses, bison, deer and mammoths associated with Solutrean art.
Altamira Cave:
Found in the province of Santander, Spain. This cave dates back to 35,000
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years ago, but has images that are as early as 15,000 years ago. Altamira is flaunted as the Sistine Chapel of pre-history. This cave has deep galleries isolated from climatic influences that allowed the art to stay in relatively pristine conditions. Multi-coloured paintings, rock engravings, and black drawings are seen in exquisite quality at Altamira. Subjects range from different animals that stand out due to the vivid use of shades, to abstract sign and patters that are only understood through magico-religious interpretations. Chauvet Cave: Found in southern France, this is another Aurignacian period art. Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc is a 400-metre long network of galleries significant in terms of the predatory animals depicted, and the surprising use of sophisticated imagery techniques thought to be tremendously innovative for Aurignacian art. This cave was found in moderately good shape, considering a landslide closed of the entrance roughly 25,000 years ago. Cosquer Cave: Located on the south coast of France, this cave dates back to 25,000 years ago.
Due to the glacial melt of the last ice age, 3/4 of the cave art has been destroyed, and the only way to enter this cave is through an underwater entrance 40 meters below sea level. The art in this cave has both Gravettian and Solutrean period art. It consists of 177 engraved and painted animal figures, including an anthropomorphic figure of a human figure with a seal's head, and numerous hand stencils.
Lascaux Cave:
Discovered near the French city of Montignac, Lascaux cave paintings are compared to the superb quality seen at Altamira cave. Dating between 17,000 - 15,000 years ago, this cave has over 2,000 figures ranging from animals to geometric shapes and symbols. The realism and extensive use of colour pigments make this cave stand out from many others, and was named in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Rouffignac
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Cave: This cave is widely known for its sheer size, as it spans for more than 8 kilometres and is the largest in the Franco-Cantabrian region.
Located in France, this cave depicts many different animals, including 1/3 of all mammoth paintings found in Europe, which is its nick named the ‘Cave of the Hundred Mammoths’. It also includes abstract symbols, finger flutings, and is famous for anthropomorphic figures known as ‘Adam and Eve’. Furthermore, there is section in the cave called the ‘Grand Ceiling’, which hosts some of the best art in the entire cave, but is located in a seemingly difficult place to access, which probes why it would be painted there. This cave dates as far back as 14,000 years ago.
Cave Art Interpretations
Interpretations and hypotheses regarding the purpose of parietal art have constantly been fluctuating and conflicting since the recognition of Upper Palaeolithic art in the early 20th century. Whether it was simply a form of expression, the attempt to communicate, a resulting activity of ritual practices, or even unassuming entertainment. Its safe to say that there is no scientific consensus on the purpose of cave art. However, there are certain hypotheses that hold more scientific weight than
others.
The article hypothesized that since the entrance of the cave had some fluvial action, there would no archaeological material that would have been preserved. The authors talked about the two natural contexts that is used by prehistoric mud glyph artists: alluvial mud bank and thin clay veneers. The authors claim that they understand the used and the preservations of the alluvia...
This paper will discuss relative points and insights relating to sculpture of the Paleolithic era, specifically the Venus of Willendorf, through the essays of Christopher Witcombe.
San Miguelito... It has what you like is officially founded April 14, 1597 by a group of tarascan Indians and Mexicans from the village of Tlaxcalilla, commanded by the Mexican Francisco Jocquinque. In the application of Foundation, approved by Luis Valderrama Saavedra, Mayor of San Luis Potosí, settled at the new town, you were granted 2 thousand 500 rods of land in table, measured from the orchard of the convent of San Francisco more or less in the present street of Pascual M. Hernandez. Quickly named a Government for the Administration and good order of the new settlement, initially consisting of a regular Mayor, one more Deputy and one or two topiles. Like other peoples of Indians and Spaniards in the territory of San Luis Potosí, San Miguelito was subject to the greater mayorship of San Luis Potosí, civil and ecclesiastical to the Franciscan order. Over time is avecindaron in the new town families of Otomi, mulattos, mestizos and blacks, which caused some friction. In the early years of the 17TH century settled in the place other two villages: San Francisco - also appointed in diminutive - and the Holy Trinity, and in the last decades of the century is also mentioned as part of its jurisdiction, San Juan de Guadalupe. These villages, until the beginning of the 19th century, were usually identified as part of the territory of the town of San Miguel. It is worth clarifying that since the 17TH century and until the beginning of the 19th the people as a whole was interchangeably known as San Miguel or the Holy Trinity, but from 1821 and until now has been preponderado the name of San Miguel, although expressed in diminutive: San Miguelito.
In Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” and the song “The Cave,” by Mumford and Sons, they both treat the metaphor of a cave as a dark, bad, and evil antagonist that restricts you from seeing the truth and reaching your full potential. The cave can be seen as a permanent chain or an opportunity for change.
Within the state of Colorado lies a well know national park, which is known for its breathtaking geologic features and history of ancient civilizations. This site of interest is known as Mesa Verde National Park. In the Spanish language, Mesa Verde means green table. This park serves a medium for the protection of the thousands of well-known archeological sites that lie within it. Many of these preserved sites served as a home for its inhabitants, the Ancestral Pueblo people, over a thousand years ago. It is estimated that this was most likely around AD 600 to about 1300.
Years ago, there was once a small town called Chaves Ravine within Los Angeles, California and this town was a poor rural community that was always full of life. Two hundred families, mostly Chicano families, were living here quite peacefully until the Housing Act of 1949 was passed. The Federal Housing Act of 1949 granted money to cities from the federal government to build public housing projects for the low income. Los Angeles was one of the first cities to receive the funds for project. Unfortunately, Chavez Ravine was one of the sites chosen for the housing project, so, to prepare for the construction work of the low-income apartments, the Housing Authority of Los Angeles had to convince the people of the ravine to leave, or forcibly oust them from their property. Since Chavez Ravine was to be used for public use, the Housing Authority of Los Angeles was able seize and buy Chavez Ravine from the property owners and evict whoever stayed behind with the help of Eminent Domain. The LA Housing Authority had told the inhabitants that low-income housing was to be built on the land, but, because of a sequence of events, the public housing project was never built there and instead Dodgers Stadium was built on Chavez Ravine. Although Chavez Ravine public housing project was the result of the goodwill and intent of the government, rather than helping the people Chavez Ravine with their promise of low-income housing, the project ended up destroying many of their lives because of those in opposition of the public housing project and government mismanagement.
Despite being only twenty-five miles apart, Mystery Cave and Niagara Cave are surprisingly different. One of the major differences between Niagara and Mystery Cave is that Mystery Cave has bats. Another difference is Mystery Cave is owned by the State of Minnesota, while Niagara Cave is privately owned. On the other hand, since the caves are located in southeastern Minnesota, they both are made of limestone, and ancient fossils are found in each of the caves.
This cave is a stable and Jesus was born in a stable. This is the place where the messiahs saw daylight for the very first time in his life. The houses in the background are probably part of Bethlehem.
The remains were found in what is believed to be a burial chamber. The H. Naledi people appear to have carried individuals deep into the cave system and deposited them in the chamber –possibly over generation. This suggest that they were capable of ritual behavior and possibly symbolic
October 15th, 1988, at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, California. Kirk Gibson of the Los Angeles Dodgers limps to the plate, walking on two severely injured legs, Gibson sets in as a pinch hitter in the bottom of the ninth inning in game one of the 1988 World Series. The home team Dodgers trailing 4-3 to the Oakland Athletics, with two outs and Gibson the final hope for the Dodgers. The pitcher for the Athletics, Dennis Eckersley throws Gibson a Slider, Gibson swings and hits the game wining two run home run. The legendary Hall of Fame announcer Vin Scully poetically states, "In a year of the improbable, the impossible has happened." The Dodgers win and the stadium, as well as most of Los Angeles, is raucous and wild with excitement. Some residents of Los Angeles did not celebrate with the city, they do not ever cheer for the Dodgers, nor will they ever go back to Dodger Stadium. To these residents Dodger Stadium will always be Chavez Ravine, and to them the improbable an impossible has already happen decades earlier.
Soon after, many visitors began coming to the cave. What was it these people were so excited to see? When visitors first entered the cave they had to go down a twenty-meter slope, which led to the first hall, The Great Hall Of Bulls. The first thing they saw in the Great Hall of Bulls were the black bulls. Attention is quickly focused on them because of their great size compared to the other paintings. Also found in the Great Hall of Bulls are pictures of horses, deer, a small bear, and a primitive unicorn. “The strange so-called Unicorn appears to be walking towards the interior of the cave.
Otzi had various clothes and hand tools, which helped archaeologists figure out what his life may have been like. A cooper ax for chopping firewood, a six-foot bow with 14 arrows for hunting game, a woven grass cape for extra warmth, a deerskin coat for protection from the cold, a flint knife with a leather case for cutting, and leather pants of animal skins and leather boots insulated with grass to keep the legs and feet warm. These are the reasons Otzi was considered a significant artifact of this time period. Cave paintings also helped improve our understanding of what life was like for early man in the Paleolithic Age. On September 12, 1940, in the Lascaux cave (in Lascaux, France), 4 teenagers discovered a collection of prehistoric paintings (over 600). According to archaeologists, the Paleolithic people found a way to express themselves through their artwork. It was the first art in global history. In addition, the paint came from iron dust, sand, clay, crushed rocks, fruits, charcoal, and blood. Their artwork conveys different messages. The moving animals shows that they were
Clottes, Jean. “Paleolithic Cave Art in France.” Bradshaw Foundation. Bradshaw Foundation. n.d. Web. 08 Mar. 2014.
Throughout history man has always had a vivid imagination. In prehistoric times, old man used to write stories, tales and such upon their cave dwelling walls. These were performed through the use of symbols. These symbols, called hieroglyphics, portrayed the thoughts and creativity of their authors. Boszhardt once said while talking about the cave pictures in Wisconsin, "When I first visited the cave, I was skeptical about the possible art that Daniel had written to me about, But once my flashlight came upon some of the drawings, there was no question that this was authentic Native American art. The birds, deer, and bow hunters are of styles that had to be prehistoric, and the charcoal had been absorbed into the rock. I was literally stunned--this was real, this was old, and there was a lot of it."
Plato’s Allegory of the Cave is another reading that touches on the philosophical views of life. In this story, there are three prisoners that are chained up against a wall. They have been stuck there for their entire lives and have only been able to look at the cave wall in front of them. Behind the prisoners, there is a fire and there is a walkway between the fire and the prisoners. People outside of the cave walk along this walkway while carrying things, such as, their animals. The people on the walkway create shadows on the wall that the prisoners are looking at. Because the shadows are all the prisoners have ever seen, they believe the shadows that they see of different objects are actually real. Later, one prisoner escapes from the cave