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Importance of art forms in a society
Importance of art in society
Importance of art forms in a society
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The arts have always had a central focus in societies worldwide from all time periods as it acts as a reflection of the time, place, ideology and religion in which they dedicate their lives. From the ancient Minoans to the world today, we see art serving a vital role through its psychological and visual effect upon the viewer that communicate messages relative to the artist and their time. This has never been more apparent than in the Renaissance’s revival of ancient Greece and Rome where a revitalization of intellect, art, rationality and science begin to transform society, especially politically and within the dominant religion: Christianity. The church rose to ultimate power as the ultimate patron and messenger of God, which art began …show more content…
St Teresa of Avila (1515-1582) was a Spanish mystic, a Roman Catholic saint, as well as a reformer who wrote vividly about her mystical visions and experience, ultimately leading to her canonization in 1622 by Pope Gregory XV. She wrote specifically about her mystic experience of transverberation, or the piercing of her heart by an arrow of Divine Love. Typical of the Baroque, it was commissioned to communicate a certain set of beliefs, namely her mystical visionary experience (companion 373). In the sculptural work, Bernini shows the figures surrounded billowing clouds and golden rays shining from above, where the angel pierces her heart while Teresa lays in his arms with her head lulling back, her lips apart and her eyes closed, in a seeming expression of ecstasy, where outwardly the viewer can discern her metal state through he frantic drapery, a common way to convey something through the Renaissance (ibid, friedrich, 71). The visual appeal of this sculpture is its greatest feat within the CR propagandist style. It falls within the themes of “saintly ecstasy and agonizing martyrdom” but also further with the opulent flourish, symbolism and awe that adds dynamism a static image (brown). This image gains even more importance when remembering that the concept of martyrdom has always been central to Christianity, and was exploited within the Reformation to relate to the ordinary man (ibid). As Mullet notes, “the depiction of the human agony of the Passion was part of an essential homiletic purpose in iconography”
...such as extreme spiritual austerities can hold their place in history because they mattered to the people who practiced them, not necessarily because they were an agent for driving change. Bynum rejects morally absolutist reconstructions of the past in favour of a more relativistic reading which delves into the imagination and subconscious of the medieval writers themselves. She meets them, as much as possible, in their own milieu rather than projecting modern constructions (such as ‘anorexia nervosa’) into the past where they serve little use in our understanding of the medieval mind. Despite her close work with the Annalist School, Bynum makes no attempt toward ‘l’Histoire Totale’ or some grand narrative of the past, and in this regard the work is most honest, thought-provoking, and definitive for 21st century scholars studying the medieval mind and its times.
This is displayed in Parmigianino’s painting, Madonna of the Long Neck. During this time the Catholic Church was in a transition period, moving from their recent reputation and becoming a well-respected organization. During this reform, an autobiography written by Layola about Saint Teresa of Avila set a new tone for Catholics to follow. This influenced people to have a more spiritual outlook on life.
Imagine pondering into a reconstruction of reality through only the visual sense. Without tasting, smelling, touching, or hearing, it may be hard to find oneself in an alternate universe through a piece of art work, which was the artist’s intended purpose. The eyes serve a much higher purpose than to view an object, the absorptions of electromagnetic waves allows for one to endeavor on a journey and enter a world of no limitation. During the 15th century, specifically the Early Renaissance, Flemish altarpieces swept Europe with their strong attention to details. Works of altarpieces were able to encompass significant details that the audience may typically only pay a cursory glance. The size of altarpieces was its most obvious feat but also its most important. Artists, such as Jan van Eyck, Melchior Broederlam, and Robert Campin, contributed to the vast growth of the Early Renaissance by enhancing visual effects with the use of pious symbols. Jan van Eyck embodied the “rebirth” later labeled as the Renaissance by employing his method of oils at such a level that he was once credited for being the inventor of oil painting. Although van Eyck, Broederlam, and Campin each contributed to the rise of the Early Renaissance, van Eyck’s altarpiece Adoration of the Mystic Lamb epitomized the artworks produced during this time period by vividly incorporating symbols to reconstruct the teachings of Christianity.
Art, by definition, is “something that is created with imagination and skill and that is beautiful or that expresses important ideas or feelings”. Throughout history, one way that art has been used is to reflect a multitude of ideas and beliefs. Christian beliefs and ideas have been portrayed in artwork since the beginning of Christianity, although, it was not always acceptable to do so. The idea of the final judgement is a Christian idea that has been displayed in art repeatedly in a variety of ways. Michelangelo’s fresco the Last Judgment (1536-1541) is a piece that visualizes this idea. Since the time it was finished, this significant piece found in the Sistine Chapel has been continuously critiqued and analyzed. Many Christians struggle to interpret the event of a final judgment after reading it through Scripture. In analyzing Michelangelo’s piece, it is similar difficult to determine what he exactly meant to portray and what the various part of his masterpiece represent exactly. Many have examined this piece and made different regarding what exactly the various figures and objects are supposed to represent. The diverse interpretations of this work further shows the idea that when Christian ideas are reflected through artwork, it is hard to ascertain exactly what an artist intended to demonstrate. In addition, the controversies surrounding this piece represent the idea that when Christian ideas are revealed through art, there is potential for disagreement regarding what should and should not be included in Christian art. Michelangelo’s Last Judgment is just an example of what results when Christianity is brought into art.
Between 1509 and 1510, Raphael Sanzio da Urbino constructed a fresco masterpiece designed for the Vatican entitled The School of Athens. The painting itself represents different branches of knowledge such as philosophy, theology, and also literature. Most people consider The School of Athens a masterpiece by Raphael and the epitome of the High Renaissance. My thesis statement for this paper is to ask and figure out why Raphael painted such a beautiful object and I also am going to research why Michelangelo and Raphael were such rivals during a period of time where I believe the Renaissance reached its peak in art, music, and society as a whole. The background of The School of Athens falls into the center of the painting.
The shift between the Middle Ages and Renaissance was documented in art for future generations. It is because of the changes in art during this time that art historians today understand the historical placement and the socio-economic, political, and religious changes of the time. Art is a visual interpretation of one’s beliefs and way of life; it is through the art from these periods that we today understand exactly what was taking place and why it was happening. These shifts did not happen overnight, but instead changed gradually though years and years of art, and it is through them that we have record of some of the most important changes of historic times.
“Philosophers, writers, and artists expressed disillusionment with the rational-humanist tradition of the Enlightenment. They no longer shared the Enlightenment's confidence in either reason's capabilities or human goodness.” (Perry, pg. 457) It is interesting to follow art through history and see how the general mood of society changed with various aspects of history, and how events have a strong connection to the art of the corresponding time.
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa, Cornaro Chapel by Gianlorenzo Bernini is an amazing master piece. This piece of marble art stands in the middle of the chapel tall and proud. The aura around it is so divine and angelic. To attract our attention it appears alongside of Fresco style sun beams and colored marbles that frame the scene in an extravagantly theatrical way. We can see Saint Teresa leaning, underneath her is a cloud that gives us a feeling that she is floating in the air over the clouds.
When the religious art leaks out of the religious community and into the broader world of culture, it is one of the ways the meaning of the art can evolve. This is also an opportunity for the art to draw the world to religion. Moreover, artistic reinterpretation of sacred imagery can help keep religion honest. The church has always been enriched by the tension that comes with diversity in art. Art is communication and effective art communicates effectively to any group at any level.
The Portinari Altarpiece (1476-1479) by Hugo van der Goes, is an astonishing Netherlandish masterpiece (figure 1). Situated in the Galleria degli Uffizi amongst the Italian masters, it dominates the space in terms of size and virtuosity. In considering the complexities of its treatment and meaning, any analysis needs to integrate a number of points. Recent technical development has allowed new revelations but this needs to be assessed in the context of Hugo’s stylistic and physiological proclivity, the demands of the donors and the function of the altarpiece within a contemporary fifteenth century context.
The most influential theme in art for centuries was that of religion. There have been many things that have influenced art over the generations. Nothing has had the impact on the art world that religions has. Many of the ancient art works were dedicated to the gods or other religious figures. The statues of the Ancient Egyptians were not just for beauty. Instead, they were representations of the gods and were meant to have significant meaning to the people who saw them. The people of the time knew the meaning of every reed, flower, bird, or animal that was depicted in the art. The same is true of the Greeks and Romans. Most of the art was inspired by the gods and the mythology of the region. Art as a way of imparting a message dominates the art world. For most of history, art had a meaning that was often connected to the religion of the region. This is fitting since art has a sense of permanence that most other mediums do not possess.
For over two thousand years, various philosophers have questioned the influence of art in our society. They have used abstract reasoning, human emotions, and logic to go beyond this world in the search for answers about arts' existence. For philosophers, art was not viewed for its own beauty, but rather for the question of how art and artists can help make our society more stable for the next generation. Plato, a Greek philosopher who lived during 420-348 B.C. in Athens, and Aristotle, Plato’s student who argued against his beliefs, have no exceptions to the steps they had to take in order to understand the purpose of art and artists. Though these two philosophers made marvelous discoveries about the existence of art, artists, and aesthetic experience, Plato has made his works more controversial than Aristotle.
One apparent effect the new diversity had on the arts is the significant increase and demand in secular arts which was mostly influenced by the wealth of the city of Florence in the 15th century. In Florence, political power, and enormous wealth was in the control of the middle class and in order to exhibit such individualism in humanity and the pleasure that comes with wealth, a huge artistic market was established were various forms of artworks were sold. For the first time, the church was no longer the only patron of the arts, but everyone including the government, non-religious groups, and individuals were exposed to exotic artworks with which they could buy for the purpose of decorating the homes and other spaces (Harris & Zucker, 2016). Furthermore, artists who were hired by both aristocrats and middle-class families introduced the philosophy of humanism and the impeccable worth of the human mind to the arts; therefore, making arts not only emphasizing the spiritual but also embracing the natural nature of
The sculpture is part of a whole theatrical composition, with four audience members on each side, composed of the portraits of the sculpture’s patrons. Through this sculpture, the illiterate can feel the piety that they cannot receive just by going to church. With the fluttering drapery, the expressive body language and the dramatic expressions, all of which are heightened on a cloud, common people at the time may be able to get a sense of the holiness and be persuaded to become more faithful, in hopes that they too will someday be able to experience this ecstasy of being visited by the heavens. For ones in doubt, this sculpture will clear all their worries and affirm that God and all things holy does exist. Once again, if God exists, this then exerts Saint Teresa and the Catholic Church’s power as they are step closer to god, and therefore have the divine right to be above the average believer.
As the falling of the Roman Empire, the middle ages began. The worldview changed again from “Man is the measurement of everything” to “God is the measurement of all things.” The Medieval Period is a significant period in terms of the productions of architectures and 2D-arts for analyzing the western art history. Christianity was dominant at this time, and most of the arts were created for serving the publicity of the religion.