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Crime on sustainability
Environmental movement research paper
Environmental movement research paper
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The Social Life of a Reactionary, Anarchist, Terrorist Movement: Earth Liberation Front Ecoterrorism is hard to define. It is used by the FBI and other government agencies to describe individuals or groups that use arson and sabotage against property, equipment, materials, or facilities that they feel are being used to destroy the environment. This is known as direct action and many such direct action tactics exist such as ecotage, eco-drama and monkeywrenching. Ecotage Acts of major economic sabotage that are designed to hurt the profits of businesses that radical environmentalists believe are profiting from environmentally harmful practices. Eco-drama (Staging non-violent, often illicit events that cause no property damage, but that are designed for the sake of gaining media attention for an environmental cause or to expose an environmental abuse. This type of action is often designed to spur a law enforcement response to maximize sympathetic media attention. Monkeywrenching was made popular by Edward Abbey's fictional work The Monkey Wrench Gang (1975). It generally refers to minor acts of vandalism or sabotage that are undertaken to frustrate the perpetrators of a perceived environmental harm (CITE). The most well known of these organizations is the ELF or the Earth Liberation Front. They are a reincarnation of an earlier organization that also used the acronym ELF but the earlier version was the Environmental Life Force and did not advocate the use of unlawful methods. It was the later group that published the field guide for monkeywrenching. They were later plagued by the same problems that follow extremist groups across the spectrum. Savoie noted in ‘If a tree falls’ that because they were so critical of outside people ... ... middle of paper ... ...xisted a decade after their first action. The grander version of their goal: "The end goal of the ELF is to save life on this planet, to stop violence." (Elaine Close) The question then is whether they can seriously use unlawful acts to save anybodies lives. Some compare it to a revolution (Randal) Highly motivated individuals with some public support and a moving and convincing platform it can fit that definition. But is the issue serious enough to justify unlawful acts and could it be addressed more effectively by changing laws and hearts not violence? Some employ markedly fatalist logic: if everyone on earth is going to die if so-and-so manufacturers keep throwing so-and-so toxic sludge into so-and-so waterway then how can we just sit back and wait for the courts? Participation in these activities demonstrates extreme distrust of the justice system and lawmakers.
organizations such as The Sierra Club, Friends of Earth and the Earth Island Institute fought
1) To inflict economic damage on those profiting from the destruction and exploitation of the natural environment;
For instance, in the case study of Emelle, Alabama, the Alabamians for a Clean Environment group formed, only through the disagreement of the approaches of how Sumter Countainians Organized for Protection of the Environment was addressing the issue. One important aspect of advocacy is unification. Thus, when environmental justice groups are combating these issue within their community, they need to unite as a collective unit to enact the change they envision. A great example of a group that unified together to achieve success is the Love Canal tragedy, where the community members unified to pressure the government to act on the waste left underneath the elementary school. If there were not unified, the constituents residing around the Love Canal may not have forced the government to listen. Hence, my recommendation is for advocacy groups to learn from one another, embody off the success of one group, and collectively set a mission and outcome plan to combat these injustices. After all, Martin Luther King, a proclaimed civil rights leader once said, “there is power in unity, and there is power in
In this day of globalization and social media, this has meant that these Native groups are reaching out to the world for support and to educate our political leaders and the populace about environmental concerns. This has resulted in a better understanding of Native spirituality. Groups such as the Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers (http://www.grandmotherscouncil.org/), Idle No More (http://www.idlenomore.ca/), The Nibi Walk project (nibiwalk.org), The First Peoples Worldwide (http://firstpeoples.org/wp/), and numerous other groups have been created to promote environmental projects, sway political processes, and share the beliefs about why these things are important to Native
There exist in certain areas of rainforest in Indonesia timber barons who employ what are commonly referred to as logging gangsters. The victims of this social problem are not only the rare species that inhabit the rainforests, such as the Sumatran Tiger and Orangutan, but also those people who wish to do something to stop this depletion. Environmental activists and journalists attempting to document or protest the atrocities are often killed or severely beaten by the criminals. Like all illegal trafficking, the illegal rainforest wood trade exists only because there is an outside force demanding it. In this case, the force is that of high-income countries.
The morning of September 11, 2001, Americans experienced vulnerability and realized a new fear, the threat of a bioterrorist attack. In the days that followed the terrorist attacks letters tainted with anthrax began appearing in the U.S. mail. Five Americans were killed and 17 were sickened in what became the worst biological attacks in U.S. history (“Amerithrax or Anthrax Investigation”). Bioterrorism is defined as a criminal act against unsuspecting civilians and a threat to national security with the deliberate release of viruses, bacteria, or germs. An attack of bioterrorism is meant to cause illness or death by microorganisms that are found in nature, but they can be made more harmful because of an increased ability to cause and spread disease which resists medical treatment. These biological agents can spread from person to person or can be released into the food supply, water, or air. They can be hard to detect because they may not cause illness for hours or several days, thus giving terrorists an advantage allowing them to go escape undetected until symptoms arise and an attack is suspected. Biological weapons are appealing because they are often easy to obtain and inexpensive, and can be easily distributed. The main objective of bioterrorism is to cause panic and terror, not necessarily casualties. The social disruption they cause can be far worse than any actual damage.
...tionable because their harsh approach often alienates those whose help they need. They tend to portray all people and corporations to be evil, mass murderers. As a result of these comparisons, people are often reluctant to work with a group that is so severely against them. There are other effective and non-controversial ways to stop abuse and reform the issues that stem from animal abuse. Through better animal cruelty laws, that are strictly enforced and regulated, there will be a better chance to defend animal rights.
"Ecoterrorism: Extremism in the Animal Rights and Environmentalist Movements." ADL Archive. Anti- Defamation League, 2005. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.
...ll nature clearly states that the multitude of unnecessary himsa (violence) originates ultimately from man and his unwarranted dissatisfaction of life. Furthermore, the repercussions of ahimsa are essential in the operation of today’s environmental and animal activist organizations. Greenpeace, PETA, and ALF all exhibit uses of the fundamental axioms of ahimsa; equality of all beings and their essential environments is paramount for sustainability. Though the two former organizations do not formally proclaim their use of Jain principles, the latter accredits much of its current philosophies to the eastern religion and its most recent Jina. Indeed, Jainas, Greenpeace, PETA, and ALF believe it is Mahavira’s likeness that man must strive for if he is to restore balance to the world around him and repair the detrimental damage to provide for the successive generations.
Evironmentalism: The Next Step Broad Social Change Through Personal Commitment Introduction In the last thirty years, America has witnessed an environmental revolution. New laws like the 1963 Clean Air Act and the 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act forged new ground in political environmentalism. Social phenomena like Earth Day, organized by Dennis Hayes in 1970, and the beginning of large-scale recycling, marked by Oregon's 1972 Bottle Bill, have help change the way Americans think about the environment. As we approach the third millennium, however, we must reconsider our place on the planet and reflect on our efforts and progress towards a sustainable society. As global warming becomes a scientific reality, natural disasters make monthly appearances in the headlines, and communities continue to find their ground-water contaminated by industrial and nuclear waste, we must ask ourselves: are we doing enough? The environmental movement in the past has largely been a social and political phenomenon. While many of us recycle (yet still only 35 percent of us) and take dead batteries to our town's Hazardous Waste Day, most Americans have not made the environment a personal issue. Very few of us have taken the kind of personal life-changing steps that are necessary to create an environmentally sustainable society. It is simply naive to believe that America's present rates of consumption, waste production, and environmental contamination are sustainable. The kind of social change required can only happen when we as individuals embrace the effort in our everyday lives. Only then will corporate America and the government realize that they too must change to maintain their customer base and public support. This kind of personal commitment to change would also create a new social ethic based on the environment under which people and companies who do not care for the earth would be held socially and financially responsible. In six parts, this article will re-examine our place in the environmental movement and investigate exactly what changes we can make in our personal lives to bring about positive change. These areas are transportation, energy, recycling and waste management, toxins and pollution, food, and water. Some of the changes discussed will require sacrifice. But, more important, these changes will often simplify our lives, bring our families and communities closer ...
this cause by promoting it. These groups vary in size and aims and can. be permanent (such as friends of the earth) who continually campaign. for their particular cause or can be temporary (such as CND). campaign for nuclear disarmament) who would disperse if their cause.
Environmental justice is considered a sensitive issue to some citizens, and not even thought of by most. The rise of destruction of our mother earth by tree cutters, home builders and the use of factories in forests have set off a spark of rage in liberal citizens. They feel it is their duty to save the earth not only for themselves, but for future generations. Though the extent to which they feel they need to express their feelings or hard work is an arguable issue. The characters in Edward Abbey’s The Monkey Wrench Gang, feel the destruction of potential land marks is a step towards what is thought of as “environmental justice”. Though their unstable personal lives are thought to lead them to their rage against popular culture, they have formed their “gang” to go beyond the traditional paths of “groups with a cause”. During the demolition of a C...
Cyberterrorism Introduction Cyberterrorism is the convergence of terrorism and cyberspace. It is generally understood to mean unlawful attacks and threats of attack against computers. networks, and the information stored therein. Possibly to intimidate, influence a government or its people for further political or social gain. To qualify as cyberterrorism, an attack that results in violence against persons or property, or generate fear of the future.
Today, we live in a world interwoven with women’s oppression, ecological degradation, and the exploitation of workers, race, and class. In the midst of these troubles, a movement known as ecofeminism appears to be gaining recognition. In the following, I hope to illustrate this revitalization movement . I will begin by characterizing a definition of ecofeminism; I will then bring to the forefront the ethical issues that Ecofeminism is involved with, then distinguish primary ideas and criticisms.
Before attacking these NGOs, their specific contributions to environmental protections must be established. It seems that NGOs made the most significant gains at and after the Stockholm conference. They established specific practices that were aimed at protecting the environment not only at national levels, but internationally. NGOs acted as liasons between nations with alternative views. Most importantly, these NGOs were established to communicate the goals of such conferences as Stockholm and the Brundtland Commission, and to pressure cooperating nations into achieving these goals without the type of pressure that would create chaos amongst the nations.