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Health care system in the USA
How is healthcare changing in today's world
Technical advancement in medical field
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Twenty-first century health care system in United States is not only complex, but also profoundly different from "what it used to be." The changes are numerous and represent the major shifts involved in moving from protection and delivery plan, based primarily on what the patient wanted, to a skeptically managed healthcare system. The American health care system has seen drastic changes within couple generations and it continues to evolve. Over the years the medical field has always brought together the best and brightest of society to help those in need. From treating cancer and delivering babies to dealing with heart attacks, doctors have developed technology and improved techniques. The three main changes that are revolutionizing the medical field are electronic medical records, population science and clinical practice guidelines. With the help of advanced technology, evaluating patients on a large scale, physicians can view the death rate, life span and frequency of illness throughout the healthcare system. On an individual basis, the physician can treat an illness. When the entire population is considered, issues such as cancer, heart disease and obesity are a growing epidemic. Population science can allow doctors to look at a large-scale way to cure these epidemics instead of just treating an individual. These epidemiological principles are now used in clinical studies to make the evaluation of medical procedures better. As the field of healthcare has changed, new diseases and disorders have developed. It is impossible for one doctor to know how to recognize and treat every disease in the world. With evidence-based guidelines, they can come close. These guidelines may not have a perfect success rate, but they can make diagnosing illness easier. Healthcare professionals associated with medical billing and coding know the progress the technology has made so far. In the last few decades, medical billing and coding has switched from being a paper-based system to a computerized format. Under HIPAA laws, medical practitioners had to develop new software in order to send out electronic bills. With the advent of electronic medical records (EMR), with one touch of a button, doctors, Nurse Practitioners and PAs can gain access to all the care a patient has ever received from every healthcare facility the patients visited previously and can figure out possible illnesses. This enables statistical documentation of the population as a whole as well. EMR can also make the healthcare system more transparent and allow integration with reimbursement data. As the healthcare system changes, this will prevent unnecessary costs and make it easier to get the reimbursements needed to treat a patient.
For years now, the healthcare system in the United States have managed patient’s health records through paper charting, this has since changed for the better with the introduction of an electronic medical record (EMR) system. This type of system has helped healthcare providers, hospitals and other ambulatory institutions extract data from a patient’s chart to help expedite clinical diagnosis and providing necessary care. Although this form of technology shows great promise, studies have shown that this system is just a foundation to the next evolution of health technology. The transformation of EMR to electronic heath record system (EHR) is the ultimate goal of the federal government.
For decades, one of the many externalities that the government is trying to solve is the rising costs of healthcare. "Rising healthcare costs have hurt American competitiveness, forced too many families into bankruptcy to get their families the care they need, and driven up our nation's long-term deficit" ("Deficit-Reducing Healthcare Reform," 2014). The United States national government plays a major role in organizing, overseeing, financing, and more so than ever delivering health care (Jaffe, 2009). Though the government does not provide healthcare directly, it serves as a financing agent for publicly funded healthcare programs through the taxation of citizens. The total share of the national publicly funded health spending by various governments amounts to 4 percent of the nation's gross domestic product, GDP (Jaffe, 2009). By 2019, government spending on Medicare and Medicaid is expected to rise to 6 percent and 12 percent by 2050 (Jaffe, 2009). The percentages, documented from the Health Policy Brief (2009) by Jaffe, are from Medicare and Medicaid alone. The rapid rates are not due to increase of enrollment but growth in per capita costs for providing healthcare, especially via Medicare.
The U.S. healthcare system is very complex in structure hence it can be appraised with diverse perspectives. From one viewpoint it is described as the most unparalleled health care system in the world, what with the cutting-edge medical technology, the high quality human resources, and the constantly-modernized facilities that are symbolic of the system. This is in addition to the proliferation of innovations aimed at increasing life expectancy and enhancing the quality of life as well as diagnostic and treatment options. At the other extreme are the fair criticisms of the system as being fragmented, inefficient and costly. What are the problems with the U.S. healthcare system? These are the questions this opinion paper tries to propound.
Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have drastically changed health care. From quality to efficiency, EHRs have transformed Health Care from an inaccurate, inefficient, and problematic system to a system that is much more reliable. Electronic Health Records do have their drawbacks; however, they are much more reliable than a paper system. Through the Affordable Care Act the government is now requiring EHRs to be implemented to receive benefits. Not only that, but the clinic will receive benefits per physician for implementing earlier than other clinics. Meaningful Use may be coming to an end, but many clinics have already implemented a system, which will carry on the policy for years to come. Two main jobs have been created from this: Health Informaticians
With the United Nations listing health care as natural born right and the escalating cost of health care America has reached a debatable crisis. Even if you do have insurance it's a finical strain on most families.
An Electronic Health Record is a computerized form of a patient’s medical chart. These records allow information to be readily available to authorized providers during a patient’s encounter with the healthcare system. These systems do not only contain medical histories, current medications and insurance information, they also track patients’ diagnoses, treatment plans, immunization dates, allergies, radiology images and lab tests/results (source). The fundamental aspect of EHRs is that they are able to share a patient’s information quickly across service lines and even between different healthcare organizations. Information is at the fingertips of lab techs, primary care physicians, pharmacies, clinics, etc. The goal of EHR implementation is to drastically decrease the amount of preventable medical errors that occur each year.
The goal of electronic medical records is to make healthcare safer and increase efficiency by providing patients and providers with information to make informed decisions, encourage preventive care, and reduce errors and duplications. However, since EHRs was made a national priority the implementation has been complex and misunderstood.
An Electronic Health Record (EHR) is an electronic version of a patients paper written chart. EHR’s are real time records that contain information for each individual patient and are made available instantly and securely to authorized personnel. There are many benefits of EHR implementation in the healthcare setting. From less paperwork to saving time and costs, increased quality of care, progressing patient care to improved efficiency and productivity. However, throughout this paper we will be discussing some of the success factors and/or pitfalls that an ambulatory setting has experienced that has helped shape their success.
The fact of the matter is, there are a great number of hospitals that have acquired new IT systems, regardless of the cost. In fact, the same survey found that in 2011 the hospitals both plan to participate in the incentive payment program, which would require both facilities, to use the (EMR) system (Jamoom H., 2015). For example, the hospital would need to record via the computer the patients office visit, which would include the basics, such as, the patient demographic information. Thus, by using the EMR system, physicians can coordinate the patient care electronically. In other words, computers are designed to eliminate the paper charts and improve quality and performance by creating data standards.
Currently there are over 400 hundred providers in the world of electronic medical records. (Selecting the Right EMR Vendor. 2006) And together the needs of any size clinic with a wide range of needs can be serviced. Anything ranging from outpatient/ inpatient care, primary care, mental health, chiropractic, therapy etc. there is a system out there that will address the needs.
According to Longest and Darr (2008) the health service system is a dynamic force (p. 302). In the late twentieth century, the health service organizations (HSOs) and health systems (HSs) underwent some serious changes. The increase in health care cost in the United States is evidenced by both per capita expenditures, and also by measuring health care expenditures in relationship to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Some of the important changes that occurred in health services delivery in the 1980s and 1990s include a rise in health care cost, specifically in hospitals, competition from other health care organization, such as managed care like preferred provider organizations (PPOs), health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and point-of-service
The electronic medical record (EMR), sometimes called electronic health record (EHR) has become one of the most notable new technologies in healthcare. Electronic storage of healthcare information has been of interest worldwide for years. Recent reports on medical error rates and national mandates for conversion from handwritten documents have heightened its importance. The benefits of EHRs
Before the Internet medical information of any kind was very difficult for the average person to find. Patients had to rely fully on the knowledge of their doctors to make the most accurate diagnosis, and find the most effective treatment plans to meet their overall health care needs. Medical information was once only available in medical textbooks, and journals that were not accessible to the general public. Now, however things have changed. With the Internet, the general public now have access to citations of more then 12 million medical articles online. Which has lead to many patients being an active part of their own medical treatment as well was their physician’s continuing education on new medical advances. The Internet has changed the kind of relationship that is experienced between Doctors and patients. Previously, patients would, for the most part, follow doctor’s orders blindly as they were the experts and therefore to be trusted. Now, however, patients consider themselves somewhat of an expert after a few Google searches. They enter into appointments; armed with information and want to be an active part of the decision making process with regards their treatment plans. The Internet has changed the way the health care system currently functions, patients have becomes more and more like clients, information has been made accessible to more people, and has created more support for patients and more way to become informed about medical options, and a much wider medical community both for physicians, as well as patients.
It has allowed life to adapt to an easier, faster and diverse environment. Therefore, using technology to create electronic medical records only makes sense to help organize the health care community, which is a separate world itself. Electronic medical record (EMR) software isn't a cure-all that will eliminate errors, but it can help reduce the odds of mistake. EMR’s are a digital version of patient charts which contain the medical and treatment history of the patient. They track data over time, identify which patients are due for preventive screenings or checkups, check how their patients are doing on certain boundaries as well as monitor and improve overall quality of care within the practice. An EMR serves as an assistant in providing some of the fastest, user friendly and error preventing tools to make both patient and staff happy. Doctors can use the computerized physician order entry (CPOE) to order tests, medications, procedures etc. into the system without forgetting any detail specified to dose, route, and frequency. By using this type of order entry, abbreviations and decimal points that are dangerous can now properly be recognized and not confused. Most systems also offer computerized decision support systems (CDSS) which aid in reviewing orders as they appear, comparing orders both past and present, checking for possible drug interactions, as well as alerting physicians to
Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is a computerized database that stores all of the medical and personal information about the patient’s care and billing information from the health care providers. Today, only the medical practices and providers can implement these systems. Also there are neither known national central storage systems, nor regional sharing of information between the networks on a national or regional level (Apter, p224). This needs to be changed because it is important to be able to see this information globally. This is going to change in the near future because there are incentives given to physicians and hospitals for switching over from paper to electronic systems and within the next few years providers will be denied a certain