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Medical zoology in rabies essay
Rabies research article
Medical zoology in rabies essay
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DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT
" There is not one single test to detect rabies in humans' ante-mortem (before death).11
" "Saliva can be tested by virus isolation or reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction."11
" Antibody testing is done on spinal fluid and serum to detect the rabies virus.11
" Antigen testing is performed on skin biopsies at the base of hair follicles in cutaneous nerves.11
" Dr. Rodney Willoughby was a pediatric disease specialist at Children's Hospital of Wisconsin in Milwaukee when 15-year-old, Jeanna Giese came under his care.6
" She received a tiny bite from a bat on her left index finger. Her family cleaned it and did not think to seek medical attention until 4 weeks later when hospitalized. She was suffering
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He had seizures and slipped into a coma. Everyone believed this was the end, but after a few days in a coma, the boy began to show signs of improvement.6
" Dr. Willoughby presented his idea to several very smart physicians for Jeanna Giese's situation. If any of objected, he would not proceed with his new idea - to induce a coma and place her on respiratory support, allowing the body time to fight against rabies. 6
" No one objected.6
" Dr. Willoughby presented 3 options to Jeanna's parents:6
1. Hospice care at their home until her death. 6
2. The standard critical care regimen which had never saved anyone from rabies who had not been vaccinated after exposure. 6
3. Induce a coma. (They chose this option). 6
" Jeanna was placed on an infusion of ketamine to keep her in a coma. It had proven to have an antiviral effect on rats with rabies. 6
" 7-days later, samples were taken from her blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Rabies antibodies increased. Her body was attacking the rabies.6
" As they pulled her out of the coma, she regained reflexes in her knees, began raising her eyebrows, had some eye movement, wiggled her toes, squeezed hands, and recognized her mother. She had to relearn how to talk, to crawl, and to walk, but she
To the condition and state Chloe was in a forensic pathologist stated that she had seen terrifying bruises only once before, in an adult .
(Portis 205) She laid there stuck with no one around to help her, the fall had broken her arm and eventually she got bit by a rattlesnake. Rooster and Laboeuf finally got her out of the pit and raced her back to seek medical attention, Mattie lived but had lost half an arm after avenging her father’s
[1, 4, 5, 9, 13] There have been no documented cases where a human has contracted the disease from another human. [4] It appears, based on field and lab data, that infection requires direct contact with the virus through means such as contact with infective bodily secretions, urine, or tissues. [12] It is unknown to scientists how the virus can be maintained in the bat populations and avoids extinction as the host species becomes immune to its presence. [14] The incubation period from time of infection to the onset of symptoms is about 5-14 days in experimentally induced animals [4] and 8-14 days in natural field cases.
There, she is treated for serious scratches and incisions to her body. Later on, she tried to describe what the lizard looked like, but no one believed her because the description sounded nothing like any known species of lizards. She drew a picture of what she remembered the lizard looking like. Meanwhile, back at the sight where she had been attacked, a man was looking for a lizard matching her description. He saw a Howler monkey finishing his meal. The man recognized the tail and shot the monkey, so he could retrieve the remains of the lizard.
Rabies is a deadly virus that occurs in the brain. It can affect all mammals but the ones that are most commonly found with the virus are dogs, bats, raccoons, skunks, and coyotes. This means that any non-mammal can not contract the virus, such as fish, birds, and reptiles (2). The virus can be contracted by humans with saliva transfer with broken skin contact from an animal which has the disease. As this is the most common form of transferring the disease it is very believable that Tea Cake contracts the virus from the wild dog that “managed to bite [him] high up on his cheek bone once” (1). The rabies virus works by being a bullet shaped virus that directly attacks th...
In 1983, Nancy Beth Cruzan lapsed into an irreversible coma from an auto accident in Jasper County, Missouri. Cruzan was discovered lying face down in a ditch without detectable respiratory or cardiac function. Paramedics were able to restore her breathing and heartbeat at the accident site, and she was transported to a hospital in an unconscious state. An attending neurosurgeon diagnosed her as having sustained cerebral injuries combined with significant lack of oxygen. The estimated length of the period without oxygen was twelve to fourteen minutes. (Permanent brain damage generally results after six minutes without oxygen.) After the accident Nancy was not breathing on her own and was connected to a machine, five days later she was breathing on her own and the respirator was disconnected. She remained in a coma for approximately three weeks and then progressed to an unconscious state in which she was able to orally ingest some nutrition. She was moved out of ICU into a private room where the family tried on a daily basis to get a response. In order to ease feeding and further the recovery, surgeons implanted a gastrostomy feeding and hydration tube in Cruzan with the consent of her then husband. Nancy's parents Joe (Lester) and Joyce stayed at the hospital around the clock sleeping on couches and chairs. Her sister Chris visited as much as she could while her two daughters Miranda and Angie were in school. Nancy and Chris were be...
SUMMARIZE: The article focuses on studies related to anesthesia which were conducted on dogs by researchers. Topics discussed include Arthur Guedel anesthetizing a dog using tracheal tube and cocaine crystals numbing cornea. It also goes on to talk about the numbing of Nazi dogs by Jews using cocaine. Also the use of curare by a surgeon named Mario Jascalevich which resulted in a neuronal cell death. Numerous stories on chemicals tested on animals, preferably dogs and facts were presented. (78
Koprowski, H. (2009), Rabies in the Face of the 21st Century. Zoonoses and Public Health,
however, inoculations of mice with the patient's serum resulted in the isolation of a virus
liver function tests, they are called carriers. The virus is in their blood and can
pitch of the wave. Any sound that can heard by a human ear is called
My father knelt down and kissed my forehead as he said, “Don’t worry, Princess, Mommy will….Oh here she is now!” I sprang from my warm, sheltered seat and sprinted to the front window as quickly as my tiny legs could move. My fingers grasped the long, wooden windowsill and my little pug nose pressed against the window pain. My breath delivered a frosty appearance on the glass as my eyes strained to see my mother step out of her car. My toes ached with pain as I fought to stay in view with the outside world.
Rabies is an acute viral disease that can be transmitted from wild animals to unvaccinated pets and livestock, as well as to humans. It is caused by the rabies virus, which is present in the saliva of infected animals, and is transmitted through infected through the bite of a rabid animal. Once infection occurs, the virus spreads to the central nervous system and causes inflammation in the brain . Rabies is almost always fatal. Rabies kills more than 35,000 people every year, mostly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.It is rare for people in the United States or Canada to get rabies. It is more common in developing nations. People usually get rabies when a rabid animal bites them. People in the U.S. and Canada are most likely to get rabies from bats. Bats, raccoons, skunks, foxes, and coyotes are the animals most likely to have rabies in the U.S. and Canada. Small mammals such as mice and squirrels almost never have rabies. Pets that stay indoors are very unlikely to get rabies. If you think you've been exposed to the rabies virus, it's very important to get medical care before symptoms begin.
It is also argued that animal testing is beneficial to animals themselves and furthers animal welfare. Treatments for rabies, Heartworm, glanders, Feline immunodeficiency virus, and anthrax, as well as other parasitic infections are all advanced from the use of animals in studies. Animal research is ongoing in the veterinary field in hopes of finding an improved treatment for the feline leukemia virus and improving...