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Multimedia Contents In Education
Importance of multimedia in education
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Digital Storytelling: A Classroom Experiment
Mojtaba Tajheri and Pushpinder Syal
Introduction
Storytelling is a powerful way to express ideas and communicate experiences. It takes place both through the spoken form and in writing. Storytelling has a been part of teaching since the definition of subjects, as far back as Aristotle (Alexander, 2011). According to Sharda (2007a), storytelling, in general is a powerful pedagogical paradigm that can be used to enhance learning outcomes for general, scientific and technical education. With the rapid development of information technology, “students live in a world that has been transformed by technology, and they are often referred to as ‘digital natives’ because their exposure to digital resources
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Digital stories combine a spoken “text” with still images, and sometimes with music or sound as well, to create what is in effect a “mini-movie” (5 minutes). Digital storytelling, therefore is the process of creating a short purposeful movie with various multimedia components in order to create an engaging presentation.
The use of digital storytelling in education allows students to express their thoughts and ideas in a different, and hopefully creative manner. It is also used to make students reflect on their learning; it can be equally used as a method of assessment. However, the emphasis of digital storytelling has to be on the story itself, rather than the technology. “Story without digital works, but digital without story doesn’t” (Ohler, 2008, p. xviii).
Integrating Digital Story Telling (DST) in English Literature
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Students gradually assume responsibility for comprehension, interpretation, and understanding of the text through the process of selecting words and producing multimodal representations as a group, guided by the roles assigned to them. Thus, a DST provides a social context in which students utilize multimodal tools to construct personal interpretations of the text and externalize their interpretations through collaborative activity.
The structure of a digital storytelling activity is such that the students’ attention is directed towards metacognitive process such as planning, monitoring, evaluating and reflecting on the accomplishment of multimodal tasks (Ohler, 2008). DST also provides social support that helps students acquire additional reading knowledge and skills; but most of all, it is a fun activity and today’s students relate to such activities very
Clive Thompson is a journalist, blogger and writer. He mainly focuses his writing on science and technology but this one chapter from his book Smarter than you think, “Public thinking,” has put a spin on writing and technology. Multiple times he talks about writing in many different forms. For example, he speaks of writing on blogs, on internet short stories (or fan fiction novels), in schools, in studies, and even on a regular basis. Thomson is trying to explain to his readers how writing, and the sharing of information across the internet, is beneficial to our society and ones well-being. In my readings of Thompson’s excerpt, I will examine Thomson’s examples and show how they are relevant and that it is beneficial.
... Cyberfiction: Teaching a Course on Reading and Writing Interactive Narrative,” in Contextual Media, ed. E. Barrett and M. Redmond, MIT Press, 1997.
1. Growing up we all heard stories. Different types of stories, some so realistic, we cling onto them farther into our lives. Stories let us see and even feel the world in different prespectives, and this is becuase of the writter or story teller. We learn, survive and entertain our selves using past experiences, which are in present shared as stories. This is why Roger Rosenblatt said, "We are a narrative species."
The Storytelling Animal is an expository non-fiction book by Jonathan Gottschall analyzing the history of stories and human’s attraction to them. It was published in 2012 and thus contains many up-to-date references and comparisons. I believe Gottschall’s main objective in writing this book is to bring us all to the conclusion that he has reached in his research. Throughout the entirety of his book, Gottschall effectively pulls us back to main ideas he wants us to understand and accept, that we are innately storytelling animals, that are addicted to stories ourselves, have always been and will always be, by using topics that build upon one another, using relatable examples, and supporting arguments with research and studies.
A narrative is specified to amuse, to attract, and grasp a reader’s attention. The types of narratives are fictitious, real or unification or both. However, they may consist of folk tale stories, mysteries, science fiction; romances, horror stories, adventure stories, fables, myths and legends, historical narratives, ballads, slice of life, and personal experience (“Narrative,” 2008). Therefore, narrative text has five shared elements. These are setting, characters, plot, theme, and vocabulary (“Narrative and Informational Text,” 2008). Narrative literature is originally written to communicate a story. Therefore, narrative literature that is written in an excellent way will have conflicts and can discuss shared aspects of human occurrence.
Another type of assistive technology that is rather helpful with students with reading disabilities is “semantic mapping software that enables readers to comprehend narrative story or expository writing elements through graphic depiction” (Bryant& Bryant, 1998, p.8). This type of software allows students to visually see the different aspects and steps of the story or book that led up to the plot of the s...
... to the shift in contemporary communication and learning contexts. Walsh presents data taken from 16 teachers across 9 primary school classrooms on developing new ways of incorporating technology for literacy learning with evidence presenting that teachers can combine both print-based and digital communications technology across numerous curriculum areas to inform and support literacy development. This article is useful for my topic as it examines and explains the need and relevance to combining print and digital text into literacy learning and how this can improve children’s engagement and literary understandings. This article is implemented within my research paper as it provides meaning as to why educators need to rethink their pedagogies to inform the literacy that is needed in contemporary times for reading, writing, viewing and responding to multimodal texts.
The modification of literary engagement is quickly happening in the 21st century because of the entry of various technologies that can transfer literacy (Birkerts (1994). Lockyer & Patterson (2007) have also recognized the significance of pre-school teachers integrating technologies in their placements to support learning surrounding multi-literacies. The introduction of various technologies into the classroom is a strategy that might be used to adjust the available new multimodal forms of literacy (Kalantzis & Cope, 2012). By using new technology formats, for example, social media, discussion forums, blogs, video games and wiki groups, literacy could be conveyed interpersonally, allowing students to understand from each other (Cattafi & Metzner, 2007; Gee, 2007 and Kalantzis & Cope, 2012).
Since the coinage of the term in an MIT Technology Review (2003) article, Henry Jenkins’ theory of transmedia has been significantly contested and edited by multiple media theorists and scholars. In short, transmedia storytelling is the technique of telling a narrative across multiple platforms. The goal of a transmedia project is to heighten the degree in which audiences participate and interact with the events, characters, and storyworld of a franchise. A transmedia project can include, but is not limited to, the use of movies, books, games, social-media, and graphic novels. These elements work together to make the story more enjoyable and contribute to richer fan-engagement. Jenkins’ best summarizes a definition himself in his 2006 book Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide; “A transmedia story unfolds across multiple media platforms with each new text making a distinctive and valuable contribution to the whole” (pp. 95-96).
Looking back over the course of the semester, I feel that I learned many new and interesting uses for technology within the classroom – both for classrooms that have a lot of technology and for classrooms that are limited with technology. For the majority of the class, we utilized William Kists’ book The Socially Networked Classroom: Teaching in the New Media Age (2010), which provided multiple modes of instruction that both utilized and/or created technology. One of the first things that I remember, and consequently that stuck with me through the course’s entirety, is that individuals must treat everything as a text. Even a garden is a text. The statement made me change the way that I traditionally viewed Language Arts both as a student and as a teacher, as I very narrowly saw literature and works of the like as texts only; however, by considering nearly anything as a text, one can analyze, study, and even expand his/her knowledge. Kist (2010) states that society is “experiencing a vast transformation of the way we “read” and “write,” and a broadening of the way we conceptualize “literacy” (p. 2). In order to begin to experience and learn with the modern classroom and technologically advanced students, individuals must begin to see new things as literature and analyze those things in a similar manner.
Storytelling is an interaction between two or more individuals speaking on an event using words, images, sounds, dramatization, props, etc. Stories or narratives are shared for the purpose of education, entertainment, cultural preservation, or teaching lessons. Narratives aren 't just interesting because of the story being told but how the story is being told. Narratives have many features that not only group them together but differentiate them as well. The person who is narrating the story is also given insight to when listening to, reading, or watching a
In Hamlet on the Holodeck, Janet Murray argues that we live in an age of electronic incubabula. Noting that it took fifty years after the invention of the printing press to establish the conventions of the printed book, she writes, "The garish videogames and tangled Web sites of the current digital environment are part of a similar period of technical evolution, part of a similar struggle for the conventions of coherent communication" (28). Although I disagree in various ways with her vision of where electronic narrative is going, it does seem likely that in twenty years, or fifty, certain things will be obvious about electronic narrative that those of us who are working in the field today simply do not see. Alongside the obvious drawbacks--forget marble and gilded monuments, it would be nice for a work to outlast the average Yugo--are some advantages, not the least of which is what Michael Joyce calls "the momentary advantage of our awkwardness": we have an opportunity to see our interactions with electronic media before they become as transparent as our interactions with print media have become. The particular interaction I want to look at today is the interaction of technology and imagination. If computer media do nothing else, they surely offer the imagination new opportunities; indeed, the past ten years of electronic writing has been an era of extraordinary technical innovation. Yet this is also, again, an age of incubabula, of awkwardness. My question today is, what can we say about this awkwardness, insofar as it pertains to the interaction of technology and the imagination?
Friedman, Hershey H., and Linda Weiser Friedman. "Crises in Education: Online Learning as a Solution." Creative Education 2.3 (2011): 156-63. ProQuest Research Library. Web. 25 Apr. 2012.
This article addresses how children have mastered the art of technology from a very early age. The internet allows for faster learning than textbooks because it helps children choose an avenue of learning that suits them best. Research has proven that vocabulary expands at a quicker rate with the use of technology. This article provides information from a variety of news sources and a professional writer. Harsh Wardhan Dave is a media and communications specialist. Harsh Wardhan has a passion for finding the right blend of technology and creativity in his writings. This source is relevant to the thesis statement because it also validates that we need to make the most of technology and the internet while still providing a healthy balance as well as ensuring a safe environment so that we can provide our children the best of both worlds.
...orary texts: moving my English class to the computer lab: using technology as their medium, teachers can guide students through important comprehension processes while making meaning of traditional texts." Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy no. 7: 543. Literature Resource Center, EBSCOhost (accessed May 5, 2014).