We have got a very fantastic research experience when we designed an intelligent system which will be capable of monitoring and controlling road traffic in Nigerian city, all described in this paper. We have taken idea through current traffic control system through which we identified problem at ‘+’ junction and then we implemented our own system to solve the problem. Their approach was based on embedded system based methodology. Our new system, we have designed in such a way that it has pulled out some problems that were there in current traffic control systems.
In order to get in detail to the current traffic control system, hybrid methodology was crucial for us, so that we can categorize the intersections as “Y” and “+” junction, and then get to know about all the flaws being exist in traffic deadlocks on road junction. In order to get rid of all the botches in current system, the best possible solution was to design an intelligent system that will kick-out the logjam. Therefore, after get to the heart of the problem, Java SE 6 was the possible tool so that we can come up with simulated version of current traffic control system.
In order to map everything with real life scenarios, each lane have a set of arrows on side, for getting density of cars flow, one can just click on arrows. Component of transport system include road, traffic lights, vehicles, message signs etc. for the sake of making intelligent all these components, so that they can communicate with each other we can just embed them with sensors and microchips. Road traffic problems are the most panic situations for ones. Therefore it is quite hot area for researchers to build such a system so that people can get out of these problems, and successfully they have implemented so far an intelligent system, which is mostly based on fuzzy logic technology to manage control traffic lights.
Figure 2.1: The simulated fuzzy logic traffic control system
Limitations:
• By implementing such a system it requires a high cost Ratio.
• Accuracy of the same system can be increased by using PLC based system.
• Highly chance of error in the system in case of heavy density.
2.4 RESEARCH PAPER NO: 02
Title:
PLC Based Intelligent Traffic Control System
Journal:
International Journal of Electrical & Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol: 11 No: 06
Author: Muhammad Arshad Khattak
Summary:
The main objective of this research paper was to design and implement intelligent traffic control system.
London, in 1868, became the first city in the world to install and enjoy the services of the world’s maiden traffic light (This Day in History, 2011). This traffic light was established by a legendary railway engineer by the name John Peak Knight but the actual construction work was done by Saxby & Farmer Railway Signal Engineers. This traffic light control system was placed at the intersection of Gorge and Bridge Street (This Day in History, 2011). Physically, the traffic light was 22 feet tall and had arms that were extended horizontally and lowered at an angle (Vaunt Design Group, 2006). Fortunately or unfortunately, the traffic light was not automatically controlled. Therefore, it had to be controlled manually by a police officer (This Day in History, 2011). Its operation involved outstretching the light’s arms horizontally and lowering it at an angle of 450 (Vaunt Design Group, 2006). This was achieved by use of a lever. The horizontal outstretch of the traffic light’s arm meant that the motorists should stop whereas lowering of the same arms at an angle of 450 meant that the motorists ought to move, though with caution. The device was powered by gas at night in order to flash lights (Vaunt Design Group, 2006). It flashed only two colors which were red and green. Red light told motorists to stop while green lights told motorists to keep moving. (Pollard 97). At night, this traffic light was powered by gas and the lantern would give an appropriate reflection accordingly as the lever would be turned to face traffic.
The related concept of Ambient Intelligence (AMI) cuddles greater user-approachable, more efficient services support, user-empowerment and support for human interactions. A future vision for ITS is described with reference to efficient road traffic management, services for smart travelers making inter-model journeys, smart cars, cooperative systems and automated highways.
The behavioral models of the traffic as a system has been developed and studied for several decades and the core behavioral models, Gipps’ car-following/acceleration model and lane-changing model are more or less enough to predict behavioral outcomes of vehicles in homogeneous traffic conditions with lane discipline. In mixed traffic conditions with weak/no lane discipline however, the behavior of a vehicle cannot be defined separately using the car-following and lane-changing models. The behavior of a vehicle under such conditions is very dynamic – depending on the behavior of other vehicles in its vicinity. Also, there exists a continuous interaction among the vehicles and therefore, every vehicle is influenced by its surrounding vehicles.
...e to be updated to consider who stopped first and has enough time passed to try and go across the intersection. In the event that all 4 cars at the intersection are self-driving cars, then it may be easier to handle this situation because the cars could have the ability to communicate with each other and decide faster.
Traffic Control System was then and is now operating on World War II era technology with most
To help address the concern with additional traffic on the roads light-rail trains are becoming more popular. This means cars and trains may share lanes during travel. When this is the case it is very important that drivers are very aware of their surroundings. They must look behind them before entering a shared lane. If the light is flashing, do not enter that lane until it is clear.
Human drivers have instincts that cannot be duplicated by technology, but by that same token human error is not a part of a self-driving car. In addition, we also need to take into consideration the transition period, when there are self-driving cars as well as human drivers on the road. Humans can notice the other drivers physically signal to go-ahead, when at a four way stop sign or; offer an opening for the merging lane. This is an example of what human interaction is capable of, that self-driving cars will need to calculate in order to
Autolib organization is an Electric car sharing organization which was initiated in Paris to alleviate several factors like traffic congestion, noise, and air pollution and yield people with more transit options. It was said that roughly about 70% of the Parisians do not have cars still there were more than 1 million people driving in the city each day and approximately about 10% of traffic in capital is looking for parking space which resulted in the congestions and emissions. To resolve these issues a logistic company IER, introduced this system which helps the drivers to reduce the costs by 90%, save time and provided easy access with the help of predictive analysis by analyzing all the facts which constitute to the critical benefits to the city of Paris.
Modern internet technology is introduced into new vehicles as a safety feature. One recent idea is to have connectivity between vehicles. Ankeeta Patel of Parul Institute of Engineering and Technology presents the congestion control scheme for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network, or VANET. Seatbelts have been around since the 1950s and have proven to save lives over the years. The teenage stigma is that they do not need to wear one because they will be fine.
Traffic control establishes a set of rules and regulations that people rely on to help avoid collisions and other hazards. With almost 160 million motorists and 3.8 million miles of public roads in the United States, traffic control on the highways is an important aspect of daily life. Without the control of speed there would be more fatalities than we already have now. Speed limits should be obeyed. A motorist going too slow could cause an accident. When everyone is traveling at the speed limit, a car comes up going 40 mph; if you break everyone will, too, perhaps causing a collision. Motorists depend on traffic control to avoid collisions and travel safely to their destination.
So we are going to design a system which aims to improve parking facilities by the introduction of a smart car parking system. The system will automatically assign a vacant space to the patrons for parking their vehicles. The patron will be guided to the specified location by referring to variable message sign and the map and the location printed on the parking ticket, in which the whole process is monitored by a central computer to store and update the occupancy status of available parking space vacancies in the database.
Traffic engineers and planners need information about traffic. They need information to design and manage road and traffic system. They use the information for planning and designing traffic facilities, selecting geometric standards, economic analysis and determination of priorities. They use this to justify warrant of traffic control devices such as signs, traffic signals, pavement markings, school and pedestrian crossings. The also use this information to study the effectiveness of introduced schemes, diagnosing given situations and finding appropriate solutions, forecasting the effects of projected strategies, calibrating and validating traffic models.
In today's changing business environment, information technology plays an incredibly important role in almost every aspect of the day to day life of almost every industry. The transportation industry is, of course, no different. From the transport of goods from manufacture, to warehousing, to retail, to end-user, the industry relies on information technology to get things done. The transportation of people is the exact same; incredibly important to get done yet impossible without the impact of information technology.
We all use vehicles for transportation. People usually go to their desired destination either by driving their own cars or traveling in public transportation. Actually, it might be tough to choose that which one is the best selection for people to travel. Many people choose one of them according to their comfort while traveling and both of them have advantages and disadvantages in different conditions. Public transportation and driving own car both shares differences and similarities in many aspects, such as facility, cost, and comfort as well as traffic jam and accident occurrence.
Staley, Sam and Ted Balaker, The Road More Traveled, Roman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006. U.S. Department of Transportation. 2005. The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Trends and Advanced Strategies for Congestion Mitigation http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/congestion_report/executive_summary.htm#overview> (2008, December 1).