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Lessons in the Odyssey
Character of odysseus
The real story of Odyssey
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We live in an existence where we deal with conflicts everyday. They could be internal or external, but we do not face conflicts with terrifying monsters or nightmarish creatures. Conflict is a clash or an argument between opposing powers. Odysseus is a greek hero who spends 10 years wandering after the Trojan War to get home. On his way back home he encountered plenty of obstacles. Some of the barrier were created by the gods and some were created by mythical creatures. None of the complications stopped him from going back to his family in any way. In the epic poem,The Odyssey by Homer, some of the daunting conflicts that Odysseus faces are the Polyphemus, the cyclops, the Sirens and “The Land of the Dead”. While confronting these contentions …show more content…
Odysseus remembered what Circe told him about the Sirens and keeping that in mind he made the right decision of staying near the cliffs of Scylla’s lair. According to Homer, “No, hug the cliff of Scylla, take your ship through on a racing stroke. Better to mourn six men than lose them all, and the ship too.”(704- 706). Homer uses the quote to clarify that he relinquished couple of men for most of the other men. Instead of losing the entire crew and his ship, he only lost six men. Even though, he lost few members of his crew, but he did not give up on his journey back home. In Homer’s view, “She ate them as they shrieked there, in her den, in the dire grappie, reaching for me- and deathly pity ran me through at that sight for the worst I ever suffered questing the passes of the strange sea. We rowed on.”(827- 832). The author tells the reader that it was really hard for Odysseus to behold his men get eaten by Scylla, but that didn’t stop him from moving on. He was determined to achieve his goal and ready to face new challenges. One of the difficulties that Odysseus confronted were the Sirens however conquer it utilizing his insight and his …show more content…
Odysseus respects all of rules and rituals of the land and does not argue about anything. The text states, “...vowing to slaughter my best heifer for them before she calves, at home in Ithaca, and burn the choice bits on the altar fire; as for Teiresias, I swore to sacrifice a black lamb, handsomest of all our flock.”(584- 589).The author supports that Odysseus showed modesty by showing proper respect for the traditions of the land. Humbled Odysseus welcomes the spirits and guarantees to agian respect them when he gets back home. He portrays his bravery when travels to the underworld to meet Tiresias, where he is going to encounter many spirits. The author states, “From every side they came and sought the pit with rustling cries; and I grew sick with fear.”(598- 599). The author informs that after he sacrificed the sheep, he begins to behold the spirits approaching the blood of the sheep. Odysseus dauntlessly faced the spirits of so many dead people. Odysseus used humility and bravery to face this
The Sirens are personated as lethal and menacing. In the Sirens’ song it says “..the song that forces men to leap overboard in squadrons.” That insinuates how Sirens entice people into their own death. In Odysseus’ standpoint, he hoped to get away from them stating,”the heart inside me throbbed to listen longer”,signifying he could not bare to hear them croon longer.
There are many occasions in the story when Odysseus let his pride overcome his judgment and his crew suffered a consequence. When Odysseus defeated Polyphemus, his pride got in the way and caused him and his crew a lot of trouble. Instead of listening to his crew, who advised him "Why bait that beast again? Let him alone!" (495), he stayed and waited until the Cyclops of the cave returned. When Polyphemus stumbled into earshot of Odysseus, Odysseus shows how haughty he was. He insulted Polyphemus and told him “Cyclops, if any mortal man inquire how you were put to shame and blinded, tell him Odysseus, raider of cities, took your eye: Laertes’ son, who took your eye.” (502-505) knowing that Polyphemus was the son of Poseidon, the sea God and that all of his travels were to be made on the sea. In return, Polyphemus curses Odysseus and makes his journey hard and treacherous. Odysseus let his pride cloud his judgment and this led to him acting like a madman and openly challenging a monster, which makes his travels home a great deal longer. Anyone in his right mind would know better than to insult a monster, especially the son of a God whose help you a...
In the “Land of the Dead”, Odysseus has to make a complicated potion to bring out the profit Teiresias. While waiting for Teiresias to come, he has to hold back the ghosts of the dead. While holding them back, he sees his dead mother. Odysseus did not know she was dead, and grieved, but still held her off to accomplish his obligations. While in the land of the dead, he sees his fallen shipmate, Elpenor. Elpenor tells him that he must backtrack back to Aeaea Island to bury his body and give him an honorable funeral. Odysseus promises to do this and he later does. The strength that he has to hold back ...
In part one of The Odyssey, the last few stories it states, “Odysseus makes them swear not to touch the god’s cattle,” (p 684). This is one of the many secrets he keeps from his men. He doesn’t tell them why they can’t touch the cattle and he is not completely truthful with them. Another secret he keeps from his men is when he doesn’t tell them about Scylla, Odysseus says, “but as I sent them on towards Scylla, I told them nothing, as they could do nothing…” (790-791).
Odysseus approaches his homeland differently; thus coming to a different fate. When Odysseus lands on Ithaca, he is aware of the possibility of danger, which makes him skeptical and cautious. His attitude is a result of the things he had encountered on his journey, like monsters and Agamemnon’s ghost. The monsters, such as Polyphemus and the Laestrygonians, surprise Odysseus when they eat his men instead of being good hosts. Agamemnon’s ghost influences Odysseus’s mindset by informing him of his own unfortunate end....
...ry for him to learn the virtue of temperance. If he is not able to moderate his impulses towards revenge, feasting, and lovely goddesses, then he shall always be doomed to roam upon the wine dark seas. Obviously he does learn this, since he does return to Ithaka without being smitten down by the gods, but he returns a different Odysseus. The new Odysseus realizes that there is more to living than a feast of roast meats and wine each night before the flawless bed of love of a lovely goddess. The new Odysseus wipes a salt tear from his cheek at the sight of an old hound that lays neglected (17.394).
To start, within the course of The Odyssey, Odysseus displays hubris through many of his actions. The most prominent instance in which Odysseus shows hubris is while he and his men are trying to escape from the Cyclops Polyphemus. They drug the monster until it passes out, and then stab him with a timber in his single eye. Polyphemus, now blinded, removes the gigantic boulder blocking Odysseus’ escape, and waits for the men to move, so he can kill them. The men escape from the cave to their boat by tying themselves under flocks of rams, so they can easily slip by. Odysseus, now proud after beating the giant, starts to yell at Polyphemus, instead of making a silent escape. Odysseus’ men ask him to stop before Polyphemus would “get the range and lob a boulder” (436). But Odysseus shows hubris by saying that if they were to meet again, Odysseus would “take your life” and “hurl you down to hell!” (462; 463). Polyphemus, now extremely angry with Odysseus, prays to his father, Poseidon, to make Odysseus “never see his home” again, and after which, throws a mountain towards the sound of Odysseus’ voice. (470). Because of Odysseus’ hubris after blinding Polyphemus, Poseidon grants the prayer, and it takes Odysseus 20 years to return home, at the cost of the lives of all his men.
Before letting him leave the island, Circe tells Odysseus that he must face Scylla, a sea monster, and Charybdis, a whirlpool. Circe says, “Better by far to lose six men and keep you ship” (274). Odysseus is told beforehand that no ship could pass unscathed, but he chooses to not to tell his crew. He knowingly sacrifices his crewmembers’ lives and has no qualms about it, which shows his inner selfishness. He makes sure to protect his own life, but he sees his crew as disposable. Homer characterizes Odysseus this way in order to convey his views about humanity: humans are instinctively selfish. Odysseus also carelessley kills his remaining crew when he taunts the Cyclops. After hearing Odysseus’s name, Polyphemus prays to Poseidon and asks that Odysseus “never reaches home” but if he is destined to return, make sure he returns “a broken man—all shipmates lost, alone in a strangers ship” (228). If Odysseus had never told Polyphemus his name, he and his crew might have made it home more quickly and safely. Instead, his hubris causes an inescapable curse. Odysseus cannot bear the thought of forfeiting his fame, which leads to even more hardship on his quest to return home. Homer uses Odysseus to demonstrate the danger of egotistical
One of the most important traits displayed by Odysseus is his courage. Throughout his journey he has courage when fighting off monster,Gods, and other mythical things. One example of this is near the end of the story when he is about to fight off the suitors. He decided to fight off all of the suitors with mostly just his son. For him to kill of all the suitors just to get his house back is very courageous.Right before he attacks them all, he strings his bow and takes aim at Antonis, then shoots an arrow through his throat ”Odysseus’ arrow hit him under the chin and punched up to the feathers through his throat. Backward and down he went, letting
Odysseus faces life-threatening adversities in the sea and the situation only continues to worsen from there. A reader can easily picture the “whole storms of all the winds and covered earth and ocean alike”(291-292). Once the unique sentence structure is deciphered vivid images form. Epics intend to portray the central hero in action. Calypso eloquently, but with peculiar language paints the image of the battle, in this case, our Greek king facing the raging storm. While Odysseus fares in the stormy sea in an unnerved state he fears the goddess is correct regarding her assumption of his journey home being filled with pain. Accurately the circumstances he finds himself in are specified with a reference to the Danaans. Odysseus tells himself, “Thrice and four times blessed are the Danaans who perished” (305). Danaans is a title Homer utilizes to label the expeditionary force of Troy, the Greeks. As the, now, solitary hero confronts the wrath of Poseidon believes himself to be more unfortunate than the miserable Greeks during a difficult time. The pain he is experiencing is apparent when such remark is made. Odysseus continues to reveal and provide insight on his hardship. Specifically, he comments the Danaans lost while “doing the pleasures of the sons of Atreus” (306). A better sense of the ruthless waves and circumstances Odysseus is in is
His crew makes many mistakes as they traverse across the sea in their return to Ithaca. As they lay stranded and trapped upon the island of Helios, Eurylochos said. “All deaths are hateful to miserable mortals, but the most pitiable death of all is to starve” (144). Despite the warning from Odysseus that they will all be doomed should they kill any of the sacred cows upon the island, they fear the death without remembrance and honor much more so then they fear the potential wrath of the gods that Odysseus has spoken of. This recklessness stands as their final temptation the crew faced as it resulted in each of its members’ death but it was far from their only opportunity in which they
Odysseus uses his brain to sail past the Sirens without being entranced by their sweet song. A Siren is a bird-woman who bewitches everyone that approaches. The Siren women sing a seductive song. Their song has many powers. As Nugent says “as in the days of the musician Orpheus, music still has power to soothe the savage beast, to ally anxiety, and to connect with the divine through contemplation” (Nugent 45-54). Circe tells Odysseus, “There is no homecoming for the man who draws near them unawares and hears the Siren’s voices” (Homer XII, 40). . Odysseus follows the advice Circe gave him to put beeswax in his men’s ears so they will not be entranced. Odysseus then tells his men “but she instructed me alone to hear their voices…”(XII, 160), when, truthfully, Circe states, “But if you wish to listen yourself, make them bind you hand and foot on board and place you upright by the housing of the mast, with the rope’s ends lashed to the mast itself”(XII, 49). In this way, Odysseus is being selfish only wishes to know the Siren’s sing so he will...
When Odysseus goes past the six headed monster, Scylla, six men get snatched up and eaten by the monster. Odysseus recollects his experience and orders his panicked crew, “Of all the pitiful things I’ve had to witness, / suffering, searching out the pathways of the sea, / this wrenched my heart the most. / ... Row straight past these shores—race our black ship on!” (Homer 279). Here Odysseus is telling them to ignore what happened, even though his own heart was “wrenched the most”.
In the end they have to return the flocks they had almost gotten away with stealing, and are lucky to make it out with their lives. Odysseus can be characterized as arrogant and cocky; even though his men protest otherwise and he has seen the outcome of his first taunt, he continues to cause trouble and tease the Cyclops. Resuming his travels, Odysseus visits Circe, who directs him to go to the land of the dead and receive a prophecy from the ghost of Tiresias. Upon hearing the “rustling cries,” he recounts that he “grew sick with fear. But presently [he] gave command to [his] officers,” (388).
“The Odyssey” is an epic poem that tells the story of Odysseus and the story of his many travels and adventures. The Odyssey tells the main character’s tale of his journey home to the island of Ithaca after spending ten years fighting in the Trojan War, and his adventures when he returns home and he is reunited with his family and close friends. This literary analysis will examine the story and its characters, relationships, major events, symbols and motifs, and literary devices.