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CROSS CULTURAL ISSUES ASSIGNMENT
WHAT IS CULTURE? DISCUSS AND DEFINE THE DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF CULTURE.
The Knowledge and characteristics of a particular group of people is called as culture. These characteristics and knowledge can be defined everything from behaviour, values, norms, rules, conduct, customs, attitudes, beliefs, practices, habits, language, music and arts. These shared patterns of behaviours, interactions and understanding are learnt primarily through socialization. Culture thus is the growth of a group identity which is unique to the group. Culture also distinguishes one group from another. Culture is socially transmitted from generations to generations.
The word “Culture” is derived from a French word which in turn is derived
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A business organisation also has its own culture. Since employees of business organisations spend a considerable amount of their time at workplace their personal lives are also affected accordingly. An organisational culture refers to beliefs, values, customs, traditions and principles of the individuals of an organisation share. This organisational culture is a determining factor in the success of a business organisation. The culture of a workplace mainly controls the way individuals behave amongst themselves as well as people outside …show more content…
A way of life is developed gradually which is passed from generations to generations. Moreover, environment is not the only factor that shapes a culture. It is largely seen that a culture shapes individual, the opposite can also happen. That is individuals can shape culture. This effect can be seen in a extreme way in the case of Mahatma Gandhi and other such personalities. Culture evolves. Acculturation is the process of adjusting and adapting to a specific culture other than one’s own. It is one of the keys to success in international operations. So to maintain a culture we need to first identify what factors affect culture and how a particular culture develops so as to preserve and maintain it. Also, culture is created and maintained by
Throughout the years, humans have shaped the world and many societies have developed different cultural patterns. Culture is the way of life of a society. Through culture, we learn how to collaborate with groups of people and we learn how to survive and adapt to changes. It is composed of values and beliefs that are shared by other members of society, as well as species survival. Every culture has different cultural elements that are vital to one’s survival in a certain place.
Culture can be defined as customary beliefs or ways of an origin. Characteristics that can define culture are that culture is learned, shared, based on symbols, integrated and is dynamic (EarthLink). Culture is something that can be passed down from generation to generation, it is not inherited or in our genes. We are taught culture from everyone around us and being taught culture means we will share it as well. Starting from young ages, elders of family and friends share their experiences and knowledge of the culture. Symbols can be different from all other cultures. All symbols have meaning behind them such as their language, artistic pieces and in some cases, currency. Integration of culture is known as holism, or the various parts of culture being interconnected (EarthLink). Every aspect of culture must all be learned to understand the complete meaning within the culture. Not everything within a culture can stay the same, it can adapt to the new times and changes within the society.
Culture is defined in many ways. It is the belief, customs, arts, and way of life for a particular society, group, place, or time (Culture, n.d.). Along with defining culture there are characteristics that come along with each and every culture you come across. There are five basic characteristics that all cultures share and differentiate from and they are learning, shared, symbols, integrated, and dynamic. “What sets worlds in motion is the interplay of differences, their attractions and repulsions. Life is plurality, death is uniformity. By suppressing differences and peculiarities, by eliminating different civilization and cultures, progress weakens life and favors death. The ideal of a single civilization for everyone, implicit in
Culture can be defined as the way of life of a particular people, shown in their behaviors and habits, their behaviors and habits toward each other, and their moral and/or religious beliefs. Many different aspects can be used when trying to define what makes up a culture of a particular group of people. The Center for Advance Research on Language Acquisition describes culture as shared patterns of behaviors and interactions, cognitive constructs, and understanding that are learned by socialization. In many countries, the culture can be derived from many different groups of people in their country. A country can be comprised of the cultures of many different groups of people making the culture of an entire country very diverse. Culture is formed
Culture consists of the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics common to the members of a group or society. Through culture, people and groups define themselves, conform to society 's shared values, and contribute to society. Thus, culture includes many elements of language, customs, values, norms, mores, rules, tools, technologies, products, organizations, and institutions. As elements, values and beliefs determine what is true and just in the society. Example, the American dream is to have a family, be wealthy and work hard. Then come the written rules called the norms. These define how to behave in accordance with the society. Example: The road stops signs, swimming pool “no running” signs and the no smoking area boards which are to be followed. Symbols and language are another indication that help people understand the world. Example: Sports uniforms,
Culture can be just about anything passed down from one generation to the next. It can also be categorized as a norm, value, body of knowledge, behavior pattern, and/or an artifact. This cultures are said to be unique to each society with no two culture holding exact resemblance (Appleby, 2011).
Culture can be defined as a pattern of ideas, customs and a system of predefined behavior shared by a group of common people. Culture distinguishes groups of people from one another and it contributes to the richness and uniqueness of each group of people based on the patterns or customs that they follow. Cultural distinction may include some or all the listed characteristic subset language, age, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic class, sexual orientation, religion and spiritual beliefs, educational background geographic origin, personal background and even group history (Gibson, Lisanne 2010.)
Organizational culture can be defined as a system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members. It includes routine behaviors, norms, dominant values, and a feeling or climate conveyed. The purpose and function of this culture is to help foster internal integration, bring staff members from all levels of the organization much closer together, and enhance their performance.
Anthropologists define the term culture in a variety of ways, but there are certain shared features of the definition that virtually all anthropologists agree on. Culture is a shared, socially transmitted knowledge and behavior. The key features of this definition of culture are as follows. 1) Culture is shared among the members of that particular society or group. Thus, people share a common cultural identity, meaning that they recognize themselves and their culture's traditions as distinct from other people and other traditions. 2) Culture is socially transmitted from others while growing up in a certain environment, group, or society. The transmission of cultural knowledge to the next generation by means of social learning is referred to as enculturation or socialization. 3) Culture profoundly affects the knowledge, actions, and feelings of the people in that particular society or group. This concept is often referred to as cultural knowledge that leads to behavior that is meaningful to others and adaptive to the natural and social environment of that particular culture.
Culture constitutes common characteristics of a particular group of people or a society such as behaviors, beliefs, objects, and any other characteristics of such a people. It is thus through culture, that groups of people define their unique characteristics that conform to their shared values and contribute towards building the society as sociologist suggests. Therefore, culture includes different societal aspects such as the customs, language, norms, values, tools, rules, products, technologies, morals, institutions, and organizations. The terms organizations and institutions will thus refer to the set of rules associated with specific activities within the society. For instance, healthcare, education, security, family, religion, and work
Organisational culture can be defined as a total function of common beliefs, values, patterns of behaviour that held and shared by the member in an organisation. It is also a valuable resource which can improve competitiveness of a company and uses to distinguish the company (Barney 1986). From 1970's the study of organisational culture has become an important issue and closely studied in early 1980s. Since then organisational culture turned out as one of the most important factors which affects the overall performance of a company. It brought organisational culture to the performance of a company which has become a critical topic in management department. In addition to what organisational culture is, organisations need to aware and prepare changes of the expanding workforce from business growing. Companies are facing with maximizing benefits as well as profits while minimizing negative factors that comes from those changes. There is no only one answer for the issue, but some of guidelines are clear. Awareness of organisational culture, teamwork, individual performance, external environment adaptation, leadership, and measurement of organisational culture are key factors that lead a company performs better.
Culture consists of the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics common to the members of a particular group or society. Through culture, people and groups define themselves, conform to society's shared values, and contribute to society. Thus, culture includes many societal aspects: language, customs, values, norms, mores, rules, tools, technologies, products, organizations, and institutions. Sociologists define society as the people who interact in such a way as to share a common culture. The term society can also have a geographic meaning and refer to people who share a common culture in a particular location. For example, people living in arctic climates developed different cultures from those living in desert cultures.Culture and society are intricately related. A culture consists of the “objects” of a society, whereas a society consists of the people who share a common culture.
The term “culture” refers to the complex accumulation of knowledge, folklore, language, rules, rituals, habits, lifestyles, attitudes, beliefs, and customs that link and provide a general identity to a group of people. Cultures take a long time to develop. There are many things that establish identity give meaning to life, define what one becomes, and how one should behave.
(Storey, 1998) 2. 2. Culture as a way of life’s characteristics of particular group, whether nation, class or subculture. This could be knowledge, belief, art, moral, laws, customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by a person as a member of the society. (Storey, 1998) 3.
Culture is the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects and behavior. It includes the ideas, value, customs and artifacts of a group of people (Schaefer, 2002). Culture is a pattern of human activities and the symbols that give these activities significance. It is what people eat, how they dress, beliefs they hold and activities they engage in. It is the totality of the way of life evolved by a people in their attempts to meet the challenges of living in their environment, which gives order and meaning to their social, political, economic, aesthetic and religious norms and modes of organization thus distinguishing people from their neighbors.