Table 2.4: Negative Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism Development (Source: Easterling, 2004, p.53)
Findings
Researcher
Loss of Native
Language
Residents report that as a result of the influx of tourist languages, their native language has been lost
Coppock 1987; Cybrisky,
1970; White, 1974
Increased
Prostitution
Residents believe that tourism results in increased prostitution
Belishe & Hoy, 1990; Liu & Sheldon, 1987; Liu & Var,
1996
Tourism Destroy Community Character
Tourism erodes social fabric of communities
Faukenberry et al., 2000; Allen et al., 1988; Bisillat,
1979; Braytey et al., 1990;
Delamere & Hinch, 1994;
Residents Attitude Worsen Over Time
Residents negative attitude may become hostile behaviors
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This may lead to unnecessary conflict in the organization.
According to Haralambopoulos & Pizam (1996), tourism has an impact on the transformation of the social system within communities, by changing “the socio - economic status of some individuals”. For example, due to tourism, some residents could have a better social and economic status than others if the land they own suddenly acquires a higher value than it did before.
Cultural impacts of tourism are those that influence a long-term and gradual change in the values, beliefs and traditions of a society. Research suggests that tourism can have a harmful influence on the culture of a country (Haralambopoulos & Pizam, 1996). However, tourism is also believed to “contribute to the 'renaissance' of traditional art forms in host societies” (Haralambopoulos & Pizam, 1996, p.508). A majority of countries within the Arabian Gulf (i.e., Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Kuwait) have very conservative views guided by Islam. The influx of Western tourists poses a threat to the culture and traditions of the country. As Tosun (2002) suggests, tourism generating from developed countries can have a negative socio-cultural impact (e.g., decline in traditions, materialization, and social conflicts) on members of developing countries. Further, the demonstration effect of tourism is seen as the main cause of change within community values, where the influx of
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These impacts are two sided; they might bring good and bad things in the destination as pointed out by (Mthembu, 2009:70). Weed (2008:394) reiterates that any impact on the society should be classified within the social domain. Malthieson and Wall (1982:4) suggest that in categorizing or defining social impacts in tourism, anything that affects the quality of life has to be considered. In this regard, changes in quality of life of residents of a tourist destination constitute social
Tourism has a profound ripple effect on the local residents’ incomes and daily routines at a popular tourist destination by directly or indirectly influencing their everyday quality of life. (Wall & Mathieson, 2006, p.227). Local economies transform to fit the demands of tourists rather than the demands of the locals. The local economy may benefit from tourism with the increase of employment and trade opportunities, financial investments, as well as improvement in infrastructure. On the other hand, tourism can give the local economy a black eye with increases in crime, prostitution and illegal drug activity. Local residents may have varying opinions on tourism and they range from good to bad, based on what part of the spectrum they are affected by.
(Thompson, 1992). Today it is composed principally in two ‘zones’: the hotel strip, with some 40 major hotels, and a ‘service city’. It has also been target of many foreign investors because of it remarkably grow in this past decades. In order to make it more attractive for tourists, nature was modified, which lead us to the fact that rapid tourism development does carry economic and social costs, collateral damages.
Weaknesses: The text focuses more on which impacts climate change has on tourism than which impacts tourism has on the climate change. It also doesn’t discuss which impacts cruise tourism has on the climate change.
Tourism impacts can be generally classified into seven categories with each having both positive and negative impacts. These impacts include; economic, environmental, social and cultural, crowding and congestion, taxes, and community attitude. It is essential for a balance on array of impacts that may either positively or negatively affect the resident communities. Different groups are concerned about different tourism impacts that affect them in one way or another. Tourism’s benefits can be increased by use of specific plans and actions. These can also lead to decrease in the gravity of negative impacts. Communities will not experience every impact but instead this will depend on particular natural resources, development, or spatial patterns (Glen 1999).
Tourism in Stockholm has brought both positive and negative social impacts. A very positive impact that has occurred is the increase in jobs for the local communities providing them with an income. Also, as the number of tourists increase, the number of facilities and services also increase, which the domestic citizens can also avail of.
... of international business and services in the Middle East. One of the ways it has achieved this is through its public policy towards tourism. Dubai’s actions towards and success around tourism are a direct result of its and its neighbors wealth from oil, as well as its central planning. While it has achieved remarkable success in a relatively short period, its tourism industry and overall development has also been affected by the global financial crisis and Arab Spring movements. As Dubai resets its course after its own economic recession, it needs to be aware of opportunities within the tourism industry around focusing on consumer segments other than the high-end, luxury tourists and developing cultural and heritage attractions, potentially around the booming gastronomic tourism market and its emergence as a gastronomic destination.
What is more, tourism also produces a lot of pollution through littering, noise and emissions from road traffic in many areas. Another negative effect is the merging and interaction between cultures. When those cultures become globalized, their chances of facing loss of tradition and culture will be extremely high. The ones that are most likely to be influenced by foreign cultures are teenagers.... ...
Today’s global competition, demands a country to keep the true identity., culture becomes the basic aspects that must be maintained, because of the existence of culture effects how closely humans in general act, and be friendly. Cultural or often we refer to as the culture has its own uniqueness, while others interest by the culture then this could make the place tourism.
The first part of the analysis will examine the negative socio-cultural impacts that the tourism development may bring to the host population. Tourism permits the interaction of different cultures which may occur when providing the tourism product, or also when the culture by itself it is what made the tourist or visitor to travel to a specific destination (Prayag, Ryan, 2012). Local communities are often considered as ‘victims’ of the social and cultural modifications that tourism brought. Specifically in the case of Spain, along with the tourism development some negative impacts surged to the societies, creating for example a sequence of stereotypes concepts (Printsevskaya, 2012). Tourism development associated with the extent of socio-c...
In an article titled Positive & Negative Effects of Tourism, author Carole Simm looks at the positive effects of tourism economically, socially and environmentally.
Tourism is often associated with traveling to places away from home. Tourism has a big impact on the economic growth of some countries, which define the shape of their cities by producing different sectors like historic districts, convention centers, museums, malls, hotels, restaurants, and the list can be endless. Furthermore, tourism elements have been developed by cities for a variety of reasons including: situating themselves in the world by drawing a positive image and attracting visitors and for their money.
Anthropologists believe tourism can be a very successful anthropological strategy to integrate a group of guests into a new culture (Selwyn, 1990). Ethnic and historical tourism are the branches that relate mostly to anthropology. They focus more on the integration of culture and learning more about the society and history. They are much more strict in regards to boundaries and rules as opposed to recreational and cultural tourism. Cultural and recreational tourism differ the most from anthropology, dismissing important rules and offending the host country’s residents.
Nowadays in the rea of globalization, according to the World Tourism Organization, “seven hundred million people travelled abroad in 2003”, and the number is estimated to increase to 1.6 billion by 2020. (International Labour Organization, 2005). Tourism is spreading in unusual places. A lot of people want to be in the midst of adventure. It is a vital source of revenues for the GDP of many countries. I partially agree that tourism hugely benefits the local community. This essay will discuss some of the economic, social and environment effect of tourism on the host community.
Tourism may be defined as the processes, activities, and outcomes arising from the relationships and the interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host governments, host communities, and surrounding environments that are involved in the attracting and hosting of visitors. According to UNESCO (2002), culture is defined as ‘the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group.’
The purpose of museums is to collect and archive different artifacts of value ranging from historical, cultural and scientific significance and present these items for the education and enjoyment of the public. By displaying artifacts of historic significance, museums impact visitors from around the world. Through collecting artifacts, a museum can preserve the culture or political landscape of a nation, or region at a particular time in history. Museums also boost the economy of the area where the are located. Patrons of museums bring in revenue to cities around the globe. In the U.S. over 4.8 billion artifacts are held in public trust (Morris). These artifacts are housed and displayed at museums, archives, and libraries, preserving artifacts