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Importance of listening in communication introduction
Listening and speaking skills
Listening and speaking skills
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To be a good speaker, one must master the skill of listening. The vizier Ptahhotep discloses in “The Maxims of Good Discourse” different advices on listening and speaking, reveling that the secret for becoming a great specker, the secret for people listing, is listening to others; to remain silent until the moment one has acquire enough knowledge from the elders. Meanwhile, Plato in “Euthyphro” shares the manuscript a dialogue between Euthyphro and Socrates where the later wishes to learn what is piety and how he can use in his defense in court; the manuscript shows how great listener Socrates was. He employs different techniques to convince Euthyphro to share with him the characteristics of piety and impiety. Whether Socrates was successful or not, the dialogue shows that techniques such as paraphrasing the other’s ideas before introducing yours is a great technique to make people listen. Therefore, both Ptahhotep and Plato argue that people will listen if what you say is meaningful, but the worry that …show more content…
In his dialogue with Euthyphro, Socrates employs several techniques to make Euthyphro listen to his opinion on why Euthyphro definition was not complete and therefore, would not be enough for him to use in his defense in court. One of the techniques, for example, is the usage of rhetoric questions. Socrates use questions such as “is it not so?” (79) or “Shall I tell you why?” (78) Or even “Do you not think so?” (78). Questions such these, provide a feedback to the speaker on whether people are listing or not, or whether they indeed are following the speaker’s thought process. Unfortunately, because Euthyphro was so blinded by his own opinion that he would give Socrates . Moreover, Euthyphro’s blindness was so great that he attributed the lack of consistence of his definition to Socrates when he said: “was so blinded that
One would expect Socrates to win against his non-philosophical interlocutors. However, this is not the case. The more the conversations proceed, the more they are infiltrated by anger and misunderstanding, the more one is under the impression that Socrates may well silence his interlocutors but he hardly persuades them. His last interlocutor, Callicles, not only is not persuaded by him, but at one point even refuses to talk to Socrates and leaves him with the choice between abandoning the discussion altogether and performing a monologue.
Before getting into the principles of Socrates, it is important to have some context on these two stories to understand how each of these exemplify philosophical understanding. “Euthyphro” is a dialogue between Socrates and
Consequently, In Plato's Euthyphro, our acquaintance with Socrates is immensely beneficial to society, as we obtain awareness on such an innovative method of achieving intuition. The Socratic approach is now a fundamental approach implemented in daily conversation in society Furthermore, not only is Socrates is able to verify that the true seekers are the wise; he also validates the notion that the answers to many questions are merely questions. Simply because, life is so debate that certain subjects begin to intertwine. To sum up, Plato's Euthyphro is extremely indicative of this Socratic irony, for the reason being that: Socrates's portrays a sense of intellectual humility.
The first thing one must consider is whether there is any merit in writing or rhetoric. According to Socrates, speech writing is not bad. The only way it can ever be bad is if it is not done well. Therefore, one must consider what is necessary for writing well. Socrates proposes that in order to write well, one must know what is true about his subject. However, Phaedrus points out that perhaps all that is necessary to be seen as a good writer is to know what the people believe to be right about that subject and then write about it as they view it. However, Socrates shows that this is erroneous because then one can persuade others that wrong is right, and as a result rhetoric would have poor results. Instead, Socrates proposes that correct rhetoric is a tool through which knowledge is used to expertly persuade others. However, rhetoric can also be seen as, not a form of art, rather a talent. If it is thus seen, then in order to become an expert in it one must be born with the talent. Even if rhetoric were only a talent, there are steps to improve and build on it. For example, one may have talent, but without an acquaintance with the truth of the subject, one cannot give a professional speech. Once one is acquainted with his subject, th...
He establishes that “the pious is what all the gods love”. Socrates immediately asks a clarifying question, asking whether the gods love pious acts because they are pious or if it because since the gods love these actions it makes them pious. Euthyphro choses to say that the gods love pious acts because they are pious, which was a mistake in his thought process. Euthyphro committed the begging the question fallacy. Socrates shows that although Euthyphro is deemed an expert in this field, he does know understand piety at all. He has brought the conversation to the beginning by saying that pious acts are pious because they are pious, which is not an explanation. It is redundant in thinking, which is what Socrates wanted to avoid. At the end when Socrates tries to further push Euthyphro’s thinking, Euthyphro merely gives up and avoids Socrates altogether. Plato again illustrates the importance of applying rational thought when one ventures to find the truth. Euthyphro did not ask himself insightful and challenging questions to further push his idea towards the truth. Had he use rational standards, he would developed his idea in a much clearer
It takes one person to begin expanding a thought, eventually dilating over a city, gaining power through perceived power. This is why Socrates would be able to eventually benefit everyone, those indifferent to philosophy, criminals, and even those who do not like him. Socrates, through his knowledge of self, was able to understand others. He was emotionally intelligent, and this enabled him to live as a “gadfly,” speaking out of curiosity and asking honest questions. For someone who possesses this emotional intelligence, a conversation with Socrates should not have been an issue-people such as Crito, Nicostratus, and Plato who he calls out during his speech.
Keeping true to Socratic/Platonic methodology, questions are raised in the Euthyphro by conversation; specifically “What is holiness?” After some useless deliberation, the discussion between Socrates and Euthyphro ends inconclusively. Euthyphro varying definitions of piety include “What I do is pious to the gods,” and, “What is pleasing to the gods is pious.” Socrates proves these definitions to be insufficient, which leads us to the Apology.
Plato's rhetoric uses dialogue and dialectic as a means of making meaning known. Anthony Petruzzi says that Plato’s “Truth is neither a correspondence with an "objective" reality, nor does it exist solely as a coherent relation to a set of social beliefs; rather, truth is concomitantly a revealing and a concealing, or a withdrawing arrival” (Petruzzi 6). However, for Plato truth becomes a matter of correspondence or correctness in “the agreement of the mental concept (or representation) with the thing” (Petruzzi 7). In other words, the tr...
The story that is found in Plato’s dialogue Euthyphro proposes a dilemma that has since been a very controversial subject. When Socrates encounters Euthyphyo, he is on his way to trail to face charges against his own father. His father had been accused o...
In Plato’s Gorgias, Socrates discusses the nature and uses of rhetoric with Gorgias, while raising moral and philosophical perspective of rhetoric. Socrates believes that rhetoric is a kind of false knowledge whose purpose is to produce conviction, and not to educate people about the true extent of knowledge (Plato 15). On the other hand, Gorgias argues that the study of rhetoric is essential in any other professional fields, in order to provide an effective communication (Plato 19). After their discussion of rhetoric, Socrates seems to understand the true extent of rhetoric better as compared to Gorgias, as he is able to use rhetoric appeals as a device to dominate the conversation. During their discussion, Socrates seems to have use rhetorical appeals, such as ethos appeal and pathos appeal to connect and convince the crowd of audiences, and logos appeal to support his claims. His speeches seems to have shown sarcastic aspects and constantly asking questions in order to keep Gorgias busy, at the same time preparing an ambush. Since rhetoric is the art of effective communication through the form of speaking and writing, with the appropriate knowledge and virtue, it can be used for good purposes. On the other hand, rhetoric also can be used as an act of conviction because rhetorical appeals can be defined as an act of persuasion as well. Learning the true extent of rhetoric can help an individual strengthen their verbal communication skills. Socrates uses rhetorical appeals of ethos, pathos and logos appeal to win his argument against Gorgias, as he is able to get the audiences’ attention through rhetoric and cornered Gorgias into revealing the true extent of rhetoric.
Euthyphro’s Dilemma is Euthyphro’s take on the Devine Command Theory which states “the only reason something is wrong and right is because God says it.” The dilemma consists of two conflicting horns about wrong, right, and God. The first horn states “that which is right is commanded by God because it is right.” The second horn states “that which is right, is right because it is commanded by God.”
Socrates starts his defense by addressing the jury and telling them that his accusers had a prepared speech, while Socrates' speech will be completely improvised. Socrates continued to further disassociate himself from the opponents by telling the jury to forgive him for his conversational tone in his speech, for that's how he best speaks. He also asks the jury to keep an open mind and not concentrate on how his defense is delivered, but the substance of his defense. Socrates tells the jury that he is not a sophist. Sophists were known for charging fees for their work, and Socrates does not charge a fee for his words. His next decides to cross-examine Meletus. Basically Socrates turns the tables on his accuser and accuses Meletus of "dealing frivolously with serious matters." Socrates says that the youth he supposedly corrupts follows him around on their own free will, because the young men enjoy hearing people and things being questioned. In this line of questioning of Meletus, Socrates makes him look very contradictory to his statements in his affidavit. Socrates then moves on to the second part of his defense. Moving on to the second charge that he does not believe in the Gods accepted ...
In his dialogue with Socrates, Euthypro begins with agreeing with Socrates explanation of his accusations. Euthypro early in the conversation even compares himself as being likewise in thought with Socrates. Euthypro tells Socrates that the people are jealous of them and they must be brave in approaching them. Then instantly as a true hypocrite, Euthypro takes a step back when he tells Socrates that he is never likely to anger the people in Athens as he does. Since they obviously think alike, the difference is that Socrates is willing to openly speak the truth of his mind regardless of the consequences, while Euthypro out of fear for his way of life barely publicly shares his thoughts. Since Euthypro isn’t willing to go out in public, he could never be accused like Socrates of corrupting anyone since no one hears him. It is therefore true as Socrates states that a man could be thought of as wise until he shares his wisdom. The sharing of one’s thoughts, which challenges the norm of the society, would have to be a form of corruption.
Plato introduces many of the interlocutors by revealing their positions in society (usually highly regarded and experts of their field) and other information to explain why Socrates decides to engage in an elenchus with them. His purpose is almost always to examine the views of the interlocutor without having to expose his doctrine. In every story, the interlocutor is a person of high power, wealthy, or considered an intellectual (sophist or orator). For instance in Laches, Nicias and Laches are well-known generals who are experts in war. Socrates does not choose to verbally battle those in low position because his objective is to challenge those who have the reputation for wisdom. He knows that these people will be committed to defending their
The interesting dialogue between Socrates and Euthyphro demonstrates this Socratic method of questioning in order to gain a succinct definition of a particular idea, such as piety. Though the two men do not come to a conclusion about the topic in the conversation seen in Euthyphro, they do discover that piety is a form of justice, which is more of a definition than their previous one. Their conversation also helps the reader to decipher what makes a good definition. Whenever Euthyphro attempts to define piety, Socrates seems to have some argument against the idea. Each definition offered, therefore, becomes more succinct and comes closer to the actual concept of piety, rather than just giving an example or characteristic of it. To be able to distinguish between a good definition and a bad one is the first step to defining what Socrates so desperately wished to define: w...