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Literary analysis on pride
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Hubris in Greek Tragedies and in important people
The Greek tragedies Oedipus and Antigone explore the excessive pride or, hubris of a central character which ultimately leads their downfall. Sophocles displays hubris in the Greek tragedy Oedipus Rex. Oedipus the protagonist of the play meets a very disastrous yet an inevitable end. His anger leads to his ultimate downfall and it puts Creon back to power. Creon’s tragic flaw which is also anger leads to his son’s and wife’s deaths.
Oedipus and Creon are actually kings who makes stable decisions but their anger flicks on the excessive pride which can cause unfavorable decisions. Oedipus gets his hubris from defeating the Sphinx taking over the kingship of Thebes. Creon didn’t have excessive pride until his decree was violated and his pride was stabbed at from Antigone’s words.
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When Oedipus has become the king of Thebes, he makes rash decisions which are affected by his his hubris, this is displayed in Oedipus’ words when he accuses Creon of plotting against him.
Creon tells him that could be mistaken but Oedipus replies “No matter - I must rule” (704). In this scene, it is apparent that Oedipus feels way too important and his excessive pride is affecting the decisions being made. This event can be compared to when Lebron James a starter for the Cleveland Cavaliers made political comments and called out President Trump. Laura Ingraham the Fox news host called out the NBA player for his “barely unintelligible” and “ungrammatical” comments and told him to “shut up and dribble”. Lebron James replied by saying “I definitely will no do that, I mean too much to the youth, I mean too much to so many kids who feel like they don’t have a way out”. In both scenarios, Oedipus and Lebron both have hubris and will not accept being
refuted. When Creon is king of Thebes, he also makes very bad mistakes. An example of this is when Creon makes a decree that no one can bury the body of Polynices, who attacked the city of Thebes. His niece, Antigone, buries the body and gives it proper burial rites. Creon can’t stand being disrespected and he sentences Antigone to a slow death in confinement. Later, Antigone kills herself and because of this Creon’s wife and sole surviving son, Haemon and Eurydice, kill themselves. This scene can be compared to when a New York Council employee, Susan Peirez, threatened a Delta Airlines flight attendant's job because Peirez was sitting next to a crying baby. In the end Susan Peirez was the one who ended up losing a job. In both scenarios Creon and Peirez make decisions which they think will benefit themselves but in the end they are the ones who suffer because of their hubris. Creon loses the rest of his family and Peirez loses her government job.
Sophocles wrote many characters, each with complex personalities. But none a character quite like the personality of Creon from the play, Antigone. Creon is a complex character, but from the writing of Sophocles, we can reveal his true nature.
Throughout the story of Antigone, particularly the end, Creon proposes the bad-boy in control personality. He acts as the ruler he is and puts his power to work. He fears nothing unless his family is involved. He has no mercy when it comes to the law. Additionally, he is greatly affected by the environment he creates around himself.
Throughout history rulers have used force in the pursuit of the acquiring more power and wealth, regardless of the consequences. The use of force may lead to the fulfillment of ones current interests or goals, but continued abuse of this power in pursuit of ones own interests has historically lead to the downfall of those in power. In the text The Prince Machiavelli says, “It is much safer to be feared than loved, if you cannot have both”. This quote suggests that when given the choice it is better for a ruler to use his power, through force if necessary, and be feared than to do what is right for the people and lose everything. In Sophocles’ Antigone, Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War, and Sophocles’ Republic the analogy of the double-edged
In ancient Greek tragedies at least one character has the misfortune of having a tragic flaw. The flaw usually effects the protagonist and leads to his down fall. Normally, the characters close to the protagonist are all affected by his flaw. In Antigone, by Sophocles, Creon's tragic flaw is that he is insecure. Creon's insecurity leads to the death of many people and to his own downfall. At many times, Creon feels that people are directing everything toward him, when of course they are not. Consequently, he takes action to make sure people take him seriously. He hopes his actions will teach people not to walk all over him and his empire. However these actions are not always the right ones.
The hubris resonating throughout the play, ‘Antigone’ is seen in the characters of Creon and Antigone. Their pride causes them to act impulsively, resulting in their individual downfalls. In his opening speech, Creon makes his motives clear, that “no man who is his country’s enemy shall call himself my friend.” This part of his declaration was kept to the letter, as he refused burial for his nephew, Polynices. However, when the situation arises where it is crucial that Creon takes advice, he neglects the part of the speech where he says “a king... unwilling to seek advice is damned.” This results in Creon’s tragic undoing.
In Antigone, especially with the feminist movement now holding the title character, as prototypical downtrodden woman, the king Creon is often villified. While accepting the fact that Creon has misogynist tendencies, the gender issues can cause the pure argument of validity of actions, to fall by the wayside. So supposing for a moment, that Antigone's rebellion had been undertaken by a male, would Creon's choices have been different. Did he choose such harsh punishment and intractable course because Antigone was a woman ? As I read him, this is not the case. He has made a value judgement as to who is traitor and who is worthy. He has made a secondary judgement as to the rights of traitors, and the need of the people to know the consequences of traitorous acts. While one may disagree, with the value judgements he has made, as king he is well within his rights, indeed his obligation, to rule according to what he believes best at the time. Outcomes are not always the best vantage point from which to judge a man. Creon did not have the advantage the reader has of seeing final outcomes, indeed we must remember these outcomes were contrived by Sophocles, to illustrate his point of view. Is it not conceivable that in real life, these outcomes are far from assured, indeed a bit preposterous ? So then to summarize, Creon simply made his best decision, and that decision was with in his right to rule as the recognized sovereign.
In the awe-inspiring play of Antigone, Sophocles introduces two remarkable characters, Antigone and Creon. A conflict between these two obstinate characters leads to fatal consequences for themselves and their kindred. The firm stances of Creon and Antigone stem from two great imperatives: his loyalty to the state and her dedication to her family, her religion but most of all her conscience. The identity of the tragic hero of this play is still heavily debated. This tragedy could have been prevented if it had not been for Creon's pitiful mistakes.
Creon, who is Iocasta’s brother, claims in Oedipus the King that he does not wish to have the power and responsibility of being king. Towards the beginning of Oedipus the King, Oedipus has announced that Creon is to be banished from Thebes. Oedipus was exiling Creon because he said that Creon and Tiresias were trying to overthrow his power. Creon, being innocent of these accusations says that he has no desire to be king. He says, “Would any sane man prefer power, with al a king’s anxieties, To that same power and the grace of sleep? Certainly not I. I have never longed for the king’s power – only his rights.” (Oedipus, Scene II, L68-71) Oedipus, Creon, and Iocasta had the same amount of power in Thebes. The only difference was that Oedipus was the king. Creon said he was perfectly content with having the power without all the worries. Oedipus had the power but also had the people to worry about, Creon just had the power. By the end of Oedipus the King, it is revealed that Oedipus had killed the former King Laius and Iocasta is found dead. Creon decides to exile Oedipus, revealing that he may actually want to be king.
In the play Antigone, both Antigone and Kreon could be considered tragic heros. A tragic hero, defined by A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic and Cinematic Terms, is someone who suffers due to a tragic flaw, or hamartia. This Greek word is variously translated as "tragic flaw" or "error" or "weakness". Kreon's hamartia, like in many plays, is hybris - Greek for overweening pride, arrogance, or excessive confidence. Kreon's hybris causes him to attempt to violate the laws of order or human rights, another main part of a tragic hero. Also, like all tragic heroes, Kreon suffers because of his hamartia and then realizes his flaw.
Antigone Sophocles When a dictator dies, his image and fame dies with him, but when a self-sacrificing individual dies, their legacy begins. This statement is true because oppressed citizens do not fondly mention a mean ruler, such as Creon from Antigone, after he passes away. Yet a martyr, such as Antigone, also from the story Antigone, is remembered for her self-sacrificing deeds. Creon will not be remembered because he did not allow Antigone to bury her dead brother Polynices, and decides to execute Antigone for trying while Antigone’s legacy will live on because she has the courage to defy Creon, and chooses to sacrifice herself for Polynices' honor.
In the play Antigone, I choose Creon to be the tragic hero because he is the King of Thebes and he looses everything he has. Creon being King makes the audience believe that something like that can happen to the King then what can happen to us. Antigone the niece of Creon, The sister of Polyneices was punished by Creon for burying Polyneces after his death, Creon has forbidden anybody to do so. Once Creon punished Antigone the blind prophet Teiresias told him that the Gods will take revenge for his actions, then Creon tried to change everything but he is too late. Creon's tragic flaws were his stubbornness, the abuse of power and the actions he took to cause the downfall of the Thebes.
Another example of Oedipus’ presumptuous temperament is when he immediately assumes that Creon is trying to take his power from him. Creon sends Tiresias to Oedipus to help him solve the crime of the plague, and when Tiresias reveals that Oedipus must die in order to save the people of Thebes, Oedipus assumes Creon is trying to take his throne. Creon even tells Oedipus, “…if you think crude, mindless stubbornness such a gift, you’ve lost your sense of balance” (Meyer 1438). Oedipus’ impulsive nature leads him to discovering the truth and reveals that he has indeed fulfilled the prophecy he was running from.
In Oedipus, he wanted nothing more than to help Oedipus rid the city of whatever plague the gods were hurling at them. Creon goes to Apollo's shrine to find out why the gods are angry and then brings Tiresias to help Creon see what has the gods angry. Oedipus does not want to believe the truths Tiresias is telling him and falsely accuses Creon of plotting against him to become king of Thebes. Creon is so hurt by this that he tells the chorus, "This accusation against me by our ruler Oedipus, It's outrageous. (514)" By the end of the play, Creon tells Oedipus that "I'm always as good as my word; I don't speak before I think(1520)."
In the following paper, I plan to discuss the source of conflict between the title characters of Antigone and Creon in Sophocles’ “Antigone”. I also plan to discuss how each character justifies his or her actions and what arguments they give for their justifications. I will also write about the strengths and weaknesses of these arguments. The final points I try to make are about who Sophocles thinks is right and who I think is right.
Oedipus loses all trust for Creon and thinks that he is plotting to kill him and steal the thrown. This, however, is not true at all. Creon even says that he would rather not be king. He is equal in all decision making with Oedipus and Jocasta. So why would he want the extra hassle of actually having to be the king. Oedipus doesn’t listen and wants to have Creon banished or killed.