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Cannabis reveals state of consciousness
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Consciousness is a vital tool within the brain which contributes to the psychology and human behavior. When an individual is conscious, the displayed action is alert, aware and perceiving the external environment. Objectively, observing behavior for the past six weeks, and incorporating the knowledge I am mindful of the fact that consciousness sometimes is altered with changes such as sleep, meditation, hypnosis, or drugs. Most important the conscious effort to perceive environmental surroundings are observed in the smoking check out line with my local Wawa. At 6:30 am the store is crowded, individuals are operating the store system by consciously working the automatic teller machine, lottery, the food ordering station, or the coffee machines.
Chapter 4 discusses the several states of consciousness: the nature of consciousness, sleep and dreams, psychoactive drugs, hypnosis, and meditation. Consciousness is a crucial part of human experience, it represents that private inner mind where we think, feel, plan, wish, pray, omagine, and quietly relive experiences. William James described the mind as a stream of consciousness, a continuous flow of changing sensations, images thoughts, and feelings. Consciousness has two major parts: awareness and arousal. Awareness includes the awareness of the self and thoughts about one's experiences. Arousal is the physiological state of being engaged with the environment. Theory of mind refers to individuals understanding that they and others think,
Investigating Altered States of Consciousness “The question of what consciousness is, is one that has intrigued psychologists.” (Hayes, N & Orrell, H, 2000, page 116.) ‘The term altered states of consciousness refers to significant change in what is considered a normal waking awareness’ (Crisp, T, 2003, Altered states of consciousness, http://www.homepages.tesco.net/~waves/asoc.htm) An altered state of consciousness takes many forms such sleep, dreams, hypnosis, coma and the effects of psychoactive drugs.
I will commence by defining what makes a mental state conscious. This will be done aiming to distinguish what type of state we are addressing when we speak of a mental phenomenon and how is it, that can have a plausible explanation. By taking this first approach, we are able to build a base for our main argument to be clear enough and so that we can remain committed to.
Renner, T., Feldman, R., Majors, M., Morrissey, J., & Mae, L. (2011). States of Consciousness. Psychsmart (pp. 99-107). New York: McGraw-Hill.
1. William Wundt (late 1880’s) had subjects report contents of consciousness while working, falling asleep, and sitting still.
There are three major states of the mind; consciousness, waking consciousness, and altered states of consciousness. Consciousness is our awareness of various cognitive processes, such as sleeping, dreaming, concentrating, and making decisions. Waking consciousness is the mental state that encompasses the thoughts, feelings, and perceptions that occur when we are awake and reasonable alert. Lastly, altered states of consciousness is the mental state that differ noticeably from normal waking consciousness.
Through consciousness, old and new experiences and information are integrated to form a new state of mind and wellbeing. Not all experiences of consciousness are pleasant. Some experiences may impact optimal states of health where a patient may regress or cope with unhealthy mannerisms. Consciousness as defined by Merriam-Webster as, “the quality or state of being aware especially of something within oneself; the state or fact of being conscious of an external object, state or fact” (n.d.). Consciousness described by Endo (2017), “{…} is the informational capacity of the whole and is revealed in the evolving patterns” (p.
Integrating the simple actions of everyday life seems to involve awareness, whether it is as simple as flicking a light switch (Morsella & Poehlman, 2013) or decision making. From a Darwinian standpoint, human conscious awareness holds pronounced evolutionary importance; however, its purpose in human behaviour remains a mystery. This unexplained phenomenon of conscious experience has led to the possible suggestion that complex cognitive processes can occur in the absence of consciousness (Peremen & Lamy, 2014; Yang, Zald & Blake, 2007). The latter speculation will be the topic of this thought paper, in which Mudrik, Breska, Lamy and Deouell article will be summarized and its strength, weaknesses and potential theme of follow-up studies will be discussed.
“Consciousness is defined as everything of which we are aware at any given time - our thoughts, feelings, sensations, and perceptions of the external environment. Physiological researchers have returned to the study of consciousness, in examining physiological rhythms, sleep, and altered states of consciousness (changes in awareness produced by sleep, meditation, hypnosis, and drugs)” (Wood, 2011, 169). There are five levels of consciousness; Conscious (sensing, perceiving, and choosing), Preconscious (memories that we can access), Unconscious ( memories that we can not access), Non-conscious ( bodily functions without sensation), and Subconscious ( “inner child,” self image formed in early childhood).
By knowing that the consciousness is what allows humans to know the difference of the observer from what is observed , it allows people to realize that they are able to understand many complex things that other living things cannot. The consciousness may come from the brain , yet humans cannot pinpoint where exactly is it.
Consciousness is considered to be a state of awareness, in which we are able to observe external events and internal sensations, which can occur under conditions of arousal. (King, 2014) In other words, consciousness is awareness or perception of some stimuli. There are levels of consciousness, which I will discuss, and there is the topic of “stream of consciousness”, which I will cover in a later paragraph. One state of consciousness is higher-level consciousness, which is characterized by a higher level of alertness and attention, what is known as the “executive function”, or the ability to plan, focus on a goal, and engage in problem solving activities, and a controlled form of mental processing. (King, 2014) On the other hand, there is
What are the differences between only children and the youngest child of a larger family (ie. Families with four or five children) and are the effects noticeable in adulthood? In most cases, only children and the youngest child are given more than a child in a different position in the Birth Order. The reasons behind the this are very different, the only child is given more because the parents do not have to spread their attention to other children, whereas the youngest receives everything because the parents are tired of fighting once they get to their fourth or fifth child. The other difference between the two group is the most fascinating to see the effects of in adulthood, freedom. Only children have very little freedom, their parents have no other children are able to focus on and often restrict the child’s daily activates. The youngest, on the other hand, has more freedom than they know what to do with. This causes a divide in these group otherwise similar childhood and therefore affects how they will act as adults.
An example of unconscious processing is selective attention. Selective attention occurs when we focus on a specific object while tuning out unimportant ones that are happening in the same environment. This form of unconscious processing can be very useful to athletes because they can react quickly by concentrating on important objects. Additionally, selective attention can take place all the time to anyone. For example, during my biology lecture classes, there can be students chit-chatting while the professor is going over the powerpoints. However, I can easily tune out the students’ conversations unconsciously while focusing on what my professor is talking afterward. In this case, my professor is the specific person I am focusing on while
Posner, M. I. (1994). Attention: the mechanisms of consciousness.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91(16), 7398-7403.
The two major developmental domains are physical and cognitive. As a future educator, knowing the major two domains regarding development and physical is of much importance. Throughout my time taking this class, I have done a number of observations on students who range from Pre-K to Seniors in high school. These observations all took place at Metcalf and University High School. Through observing these students, I have been well educated on how children develop over time. These two aspects are crucial to determining how you can make each of your students as successful as possible. There are many ways to assess both developments. To fully understand these two concepts, we will need to consider each aspect in detail. Both physical and cognitive