Confinement vs. Escape in Madame Bovary

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Confinement vs. Escape in Madame Bovary

A theme throughout Flaubert's Madame Bovary is escape versus

confinement. In the novel Emma Bovary attempts again and again to escape the

ordinariness of her life by reading novels, having affairs, day dreaming, moving

from town to town, and buying luxuries items. It is Emma's early education

described for an entire chapter by Flaubert that awakens in Emma a struggle

against what she perceives as confinement. Emma's education at the convent is

perhaps the most significant development of the dichotomy in the novel between

confinement and escape. The convent is Emma's earliest confinement, and it is

the few solicitations from the outside world that intrigue Emma, the books

smuggled in to the convent or the sound of a far away cab rolling along

boulevards.

The chapter mirrors the structure of the book it starts as we see a

satisfied women content with her confinement and conformity at the convent.

At first far from being boredom the convent, she enjoyed the company of

the nuns, who, to amuse her, would take her into the chapel by way of a long

corridor leading from the dining hall. She played very little during the

recreation period and knew her catechism well. (Flaubert 30.)Footnote1

The chapter is also filled with images of girls living with in the

protective walls of the convent, the girls sing happily together, assemble to

study, and pray. But as the chapter progresses images of escape start to

dominate. But these are merely visual images and even these images are either

religious in nature or of similarly confined people.

She wished she could have lived in some old manor house, like those

chatelaines in low wasted gowns who spent their days with their elbows on the

stone sill of a gothic window surmounted by trefoil, chin in hand watching a

white plumed rider on a black horse galloping them from far across the country.

(Flaubert 32.)

As the chapter progresses and Emma continues dreaming while in the

convent the images she conjures up are of exotic and foreign lands. No longer

are the images of precise people or event but instead they become more fuzzy and

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