Compare and contrast archaeological evidence for imperial organization from two of the following: China (Qin), Imperial Rome Qin was an important dynasty in Chinese history. It ended the chaotic warring state period in 221 BC. (Pines 2014,p.1)Although Qin only existed for 13 years (From 221BC-207BC), it left ideology about Chinese empires and established the basic model of centralization power to the emperor. (Lewis 2007,p.1)Imperial Rome was also an important part of the European history. The Roman Empire not only dominated the Mediterranean for a time but also formed a cultural identity in Europe, which many countries are proud to be Roman orthodoxy (Woolf 2013,p12). From documents and sites, there are several differences and commons in frontiers …show more content…
Although they both had strong military power, Imperial Rome was more like expanding their rulership. Qin is only a third of the size of China today(see Figure 1)(Lewis 2007,p.5). However, Qin conquered six warring states and first built a unified empire in China(Lewis 2007,p.5). One of the reasons Qin could overthrow those countries and control its frontiers is the reforms of Shang Yang(Lewis 2007,p.30). He established universal conscription and 15 people in a team of mutual supervision in a stern reward and punishment system(Lewis 2007,p.30). Thousand Qin dynasty bamboo strips at Shuihudi provide more detailed information on Shang Yang reforms regarding military tax and how to promote it (Lewis 2007, p.30). This system improved the fighting ability of Qin soldiers and played an important role in stabilizing the border or expanding the territory of Qin. The other way to help Qin control their frontiers was to build walls. For better defence, nomads attacked walls built from tamped earth and stone in the lines of ridges and hills (Lewis 2007,p.30). Compared with the Roman empire Qin only existed for a short time, so it seemed Qin was more forced on stable borders and defensive rather than expanding territorial land. For Rome, it unified control of the Mediterranean and its littoral around 500 years(Fulford 1992,p.294). Then it continued its conquer in Europe “While the Rhine and Danube came to form the principal frontier-line, significant and enduring territorial gains were made to the north-west in Britain and the north-east in Dacia. ”(Fulford 1992, p.294). Most provinces were taken by war, so the requirements to keep the army clothed, armed, fed and garrisoned were massive (Fulford 1992, p.294). Roman was successful in no mass mobilization of the army between the core area and frontiers(Fulford 1992,p.295). To solve the funding problem, the imperial government used 10% tax to support the
Some similarities between the Zhou and Han dynasties include the family and religious systems and some of the changes include government authority and increasing trade and philosophy.
In the Dynastic cycle, the Shang and Zhou Dynasties of ancient China showed similar periods of decline. They had both similarities and differences. Both Dynasties had an authoritarian type of government, Which means that they both have one main ruler with lots of power that gives only a little power to the government. Starting off, there were many similarities between the Shang and Zhou dynasties. During their rule, both Shang and Zhou leaders started ignoring the needs of the people and not only the poor. Both leaders only cared about their wealth and not the problems of the people. They started giving only a little money to the wealth. Well, both Dynasties were similar in some way they also had some differences. After Shang rulers started
Both the Hans and the Romans diverged from prior civilizations. The Han came about after overthrowing the Qin Dynasty who were incompetent in the later years of the Dynasty. The Qin Dynasty was highly centralized actuating through legalist ideals, hence the government were oppressive towards their people. Thus, the dynasty collapsed due to internal mutiny. Liu Bang took over and established the Han Dynasty. To the west in what is now the Italian peninsula, a cultural group called Etruscans ruled over the Roman people and soon the monarch government was deposed by the aristocracy. This is how both civilizations were born. Both sprouted from other governments. However China was much more different since the stretch of land had been greatly developed by the preceding Dynasties( Shang, Zhou, and Qin), where as the Romans commenced in just the city of Rome.
The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire were two grand empires that rose out of preexisting territories and provided relative peace over wide areas. The collapse of the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE), which was the first great land-based empire in East Asia, came after a period of war, confusion, and tyrannical rule. Due to the political disorder that stemmed from the early dynastic activity, the emergence of the Han Dynasty (206 BCE- 228 CE) sprung to focus on restoring order. On the other hand, the rise of the Roman Empire (44 BCE- 476 CE) originated from consolidating authority over aristocratic landlords and overriding the democratic elements of the earlier Republic. Instead, the Roman Empire redefined the concept of “citizen” as subjects to the Roman emperor. Both empires shared similar agendas to exploit their vast territories and resources, which helped them expand their political dominance; however, despite having similar political goals and foundations, their government system, cultural ideologies and imperial expansionist natures diverged.
The Qin and Zhou Dynasties were very much alike In their economy and geography but there style of government is what set them apart. Geographically the Qin and Zhou dynasties were both located in the Northeast part of China. They both were very successful in agriculture because of the fertile soil from the Yellow River. However the
Burbank and Cooper in their book Empires in World History portray the evolution of power and the development of different states. They elaborate on how powerful cities and states imposed their rules and waged conquest on surrounding territories. Political dynasties developed strongly among states inspired by religious, politic and economic trends. The Han dynasty of China and the Imperial Rome were some of the powerful states that developed during the third century. The two states adopted different strategies and ideas in developing of their emperor. The Roman, for instance, developed a more advanced for of governance as opposed to the Han. Their system of governance emerged as an expensive identity around the Mediterranean. These two empires controlled and conquered their territory in unique and different ways that made them strong and remarkable during their heyday.
When comparing different societies in ancient history you may not think that Han China and Ancient Rome had a lot in common. These two great societies had many similarities and differences, especially in their social structures. These similarities and differences are all due to Han China’s and Ancient Rome’s governments, family structures and religions. Both of these wonderful empires lasted for approximately 400 years and had lasting effects on the lands they conquered.
The Han Dynasty was established in 221 BCE by the rebel leader of the peasants, Liu Bang. Religion not only played a role in the Han dynasty’s rise, but also in their fall through conversion. On the other side of the spectrum, the Roman Empire between 33 and 300, were also undergoing change through religious beliefs. Similarly, both the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were built by a spread of religious beliefs. In my opinion, religion is the most significant difference between the Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty China based on its effects on the political rule and nature of political authority during both eras. Religion is the most significant difference because societal practices and power structure of the two eras stem from the different beliefs. The Han Dynasty is built up from the spread of Confucianism. The Roman Empire is built up from the spread of Christianity. The two religion’s
Similarly to many ancient societies, the Chinese dynasties and societies flourished along the fertile land around rivers. The societies were based on agriculture, and engaged in trade networks along the Silk Road. The societies were ruled by semi-divine monarchies, with a class system. Unlike many of the other ancient societies, China’s rulers were chosen by The Mandate of Heaven, thus creating the dynastic cycle. China began to spread it’s ideals and products along the Silk Road, therefore influencing societies such as Persia, Greece and Rome.
The Roman Empire lasted from 201 BC to 476 AD and conquered many lands bordering them, including Mediterranean and covered all of western Europe and half of Britain. On the other hand, the Mongol empire lasted from 1206 AD to 1386 AD and conquered much of Russia, Islam, and many of the Slavic peoples. Their conquests were swift and brutal, often leaving thousands dead behind them and successfully becoming the civilization who had conquered the most land. Although both of the two empires were highly successful, but in my opinion, the Roman empire was more successful because they lasted much longer, was ruled by many successful and powerful leaders such as Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great, and also because it left behind many positive legacies that are still being used today.
More than two thousand years ago, two great empires arose. The Chinese and the Roman Empires. Having different locations, there were obvious differences from the start, assembly and the collapse of the empires, but there were also astonishing similarities. Located in modern time Asia and Europe, the Chinese and Roman empires were revolutionary with their ideas and accomplishments in their time from the start to the end of their empires.
Li Si The "Historical Records," written by Sima Qian, is a historical account which showcases how the corrupted legalist system of the Qin Dynasty led to the loss of the Mandate of Heaven and the fall of the Empire. Qian, who lived during the Han Dynasty, used the example of Li Si, the Chief Minister of the Emperors of the Qin Dynasty, to emphasis the newly accepted Confucian values. It was the shortcomings of Li Si which led to the fall of the Qin Dynasty as well as his own death. However, Qian is careful to note that prior to his downfall, Li Si followed many Confucian values which allowed him to rise up from a commoner to his eventual position as Chief Minister.
The Han Dynasty governed China for more than four hundred years. It rose to power in 206 BC and stayed until 220 AC. The Han Dynasty played a vital role in China’s development. This dynasty pioneered a political system and social structure that lasted in China for almost 2,000 years. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire were considered two of the most strongest civilizations at that time. The Roman Empire lasted from 27 BC to 393 AD. This empire changed the way Romans lived. The Romans made rapid advancements in science and technology. Both of these civilizations successfully took control of their countries. While they both have an abundant amount of similarities, they is an overwhelming amount of differences that set these two empires apart. The decline of these two civilizations were both caused by internal affairs. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire both ruled close to the same time span, they both had highly centralized political systems, and they both were the most advanced civilizations in their region of the world. Their similarities did not overshadow their differences however. The Roman Empire had a senate that served as their legislative body and in China, the emperors ruled over the city. The Han Dynasty implemented national equality, and used Confucianism thoughts to keep the country united, while the Romans divided their citizens into different social classes and kept ethic discrimination. While both civilizations had strong social class separators, the Roman Empire made their’s more apparent. Both civilizations were strong and advanced for their time, however, they both ruled their countries differently.
Qin and Han were both emperors of China who believed in the afterlife which was a custom at that time period in history. They both had terracotta army’s Qin had 4 pits with over 8,000 warriors while Han had 81 pits focused more on figurines of more of a domestic and everyday life. Maybe because Han had a more evenhanded ruling style and was not afraid of the enemy like Qin who had several attempts made on his life was Han did not focus a lot on his army. While both
Picture what you presume to be the ideal gender role, whether it be in a household or outside. Most picture the role of femininity to be as fragile as the dishes they clean, as difficult as the meals they make. While the men are leaders, strong, as well as brave. In Macbeth, we get to see the fascinating representation of femininity and masculinity in a different way. It shows the consequences of diverging from the traditional roles of genders.